구소련해체후 미중관계와 향후전망

안병준 한국전략문제연구소 1997 전략연구 Vol.4 No.1

After communism and the Cold War ended in 1989 and the Soviet Union itself collapsed in 1991, Sino-American relations began to be strained and eventually came to a confrontation in the Taiwan Strait in March 1996. Why did the Sino-American rapprochement reached in the 1970's and 1980's turn into confrontation? How did this change take place and what have been the most salient issues in dispute? And what are the prospects for their resolution? How these issues will impact on the Korean peninsula and what should South Korea be doing about them? These are some of the questions this study is addressing here. The fundamental reason why Sino-American detente has turned into confrontation is that their common enemy has disappeared since the Soviet Union demised. Now that they have no longer a strategic adversary, their bilateral relations are bound to reflect demands of their domestic politics and events of power rivalry. As a results of conflicts between a pluralist political system and a communist one party dictatorship, and between the only super power and a rising new power, Sino-American relations have contained more conflicts and confrontation. Further exacerbating these conflicts is weak leadership and the rise of democratization and independence movements in Taiwan. Sino-American relations have to be redefined in this changing internal and external situation by exploring areas of common interests. Details of these issues will be analyzed below. For better understanding, several core contents are summarized here : First, Sino-American relations began to sour when the U.S. launched its criticism of the human rights situation in China after Beijing cracked down on the democratization movement during the Tienanmen incident while Mikhail Gorvachev was visiting China in June 1989. But they really came to a confrontation When Washington issues a visit to President Li Denghui in June 1995. Second, differences over such issues as human rights, trade, nonprolifer-ation and Taiwan deepened. Further reinforcing them was fact that the military was rising in profile in China, that the Republican Party controlled the Congress, and that the Kuomintang government in Taiwan was seeking independence and international recognition by all means at its disposal. Much more important was the change that the U.S as the only superpower was defending the status quo while China as a rising power was challenging the U.S. led world order. There has been no consensus about the proper role of China in the international system that is undergoing profound transformation. Third, the prospects for Sino-American relations depend on what kinds of change take place in China's domestic and foreign policy. As of now two diverging imperatives are emerging. Political imperatives are working toward sovereignty, nationalism and balance power but economic imperatives are working toward reform, opening and interdependence. Suppose that the military prevails in upholding political imperatives while enhancing military power and economic growth, the communist one party system will reveal hegemonism in its foreign policy. In contrast, if a basic transformation is accomplished in China by undertaking democratization and privatization, such reformed and open system may well accommodate some form of multi-lateral security talks or a concert of powers by cooperating with the U.S. on regional and bilateral issues. Or China can sustain an authoritarian system involving a one party regime and an market economy, her foreign policy will reveal continuing efforts at balance of power to play off one power against the other in the ancient tradition of "using barbarians to control barbarians." Given the current trend that China basically subscribes to realism and has a great deal of suspicions about the U.S., the third scenario is highly likely to take place. In this case, Sino-American relations are destined to have conflicts and cooperation depending on issues and personalities. Fourth, from the standpoint of South Korea, better Sino-American relations are in the interest of peace and stability, and unification on the Korean peninsula.. While coordinating their respective policies toward China, South Korea needs to develop its independent bilateral relations by promoting military, security, economic dialogues and cooperation with China so that China can be engaged in the peace and the unification process. It is important for Koreans to correctly understand the dynamics of Sino-American and Sino-Korean relations as far as the peninsula is concerned. More than anything else, we should have realistic and strategic perspectives in coordinating our policies. South Korea shares more security and political interests with the U.S. On the other hand, China's cooperation is crucial in achieving peace and stability, and eventual unification. It is unrealistic for South Korea to practice "an equidistance diplomacy" or mediation between the U.S. and China. What we can do realistically is to build bridges and confidence by first maintaining a regional alliance with the U.S. for unification and stability while trying to minimize China's opposition and negative act. It is time for us to make serious efforts to formulate a national strategy towards these goals and to implement a proactive diplomacy to achieve them.

미·북관계의 전개 : 쟁점과 전망 Issues and Prospects

안병준 한국전략문제연구소 1998 전략연구 Vol.5 No.1

U.S.-North Korean relations are turning from confrontation to normalization after the end of the Cold War. Now that the Soviet Union is gone and the Cold War over, North Korea is no longer a direct threat to the U.S.. On the other hand, the U.S. has become the only superpower that can ensure the survival and development of North Korea. The overall direction of U.S.-North Korean relations will develop toward normalization but when and how this will be realized will be subject to constraints of North-South Korean relations and U.S.-North Korean relations. As of October 1997. they are at the stage of opening their bilateral negotiation. Whether they will go beyond this level will depends on how North Korea undergoes under Kim Jong 11 who has just assumed the post relationship with South Korea. Major issues at stake in these relations include the Geneva Framework Agreement, negotiation on missile and U.S. soldiers missed in action. establishing liaison offices, and resuming four-party of North-South Korean and U.S.-South Korean relations is the most thorny issue of all the North's refusal to talk with the South while trying to negotiate a peace agreement with the U.S. ostensibly to replace the armistice has been the most important obstacle to improving U.S. relations with the North. North Korea has succeeded in improving its relations with the U.S. by resorting to a diplomacy of brinkmanship especially in dealing with nuclear issues so that the U.S. can ensure its survival and legitimacy. The U.S. in turn, has come to negotiate with the North to achieve global nuclear nonproliferation and some results in missile exports and MIA issues. Since these enabled the North to negotiate with the U.S. while refusing to do so with the South, North-South Korean relations have worsened. The prospects for U.S.-North Korean relations will depend on what change takes place in the North and in North-South Korean relations in the years to come. In order for the U.S. and South Korea to facilitate U.S.-North Korean relations in harmony and in parallel with North-South Korean relations. they must sustain their common agenda for the peace and unification process by redefining their bilateral alliance against war into a regional alliance for unification in the peninsula and stability in Northeast Asia. To do so, they also need to build public support and to engage China in the process.

간디스토마에 작용하는 천연물 및 그 유사체

안병준,이재구 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 1986 藥學論文集 Vol.2 No.-

Among 230 species of herbal drugs screened, thirty one show the anthelmintic activities in vitro against Clonorchis sinensis, the chinese liver fluke. The active substances have been isolated and their structures identified. Some of the active substances and their derivatives have been synthesized, followed by anthelmintic activity tests. The extracts from the active drugs cause damages in organs of the adult worm in the hepatic duct of rabbit. Some fresh water fish, which function as bad hosts for the fluke, excrete defense substances against the cercaria of the fluke. The defense substances have been isolated from Cyprinus carpio and Cyprinus carpio nudus followed by structural identification. The results are summarized as follows: 1) The bark of Machilus thunbergii as well as the seed of Schizandra chinensis contain meso-dihydro-guaiaretic acid as the anthelmintic component. Among derivatives synthesized, 4-phenyl-1-((3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-,4-phenyl-1-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyophenyl)-and 4-phenyl-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy phenyl)-2,3-dimethyl butanes show considerable activities. Administration of the bark extract mainly damages the bladder of the adult worm. 2) The active substance from the roasted fruit of Prunus mume is 2-hydroxymethylfurfural. This substance is produced during the roasting process. Administration of the fruit extract causes a damage of the bladder of the adult worm. 3) The active substance from the root of Scutellaria baicalensis is 5.2'-dihydroxy-6,7,8,6'-tetramethoxyflavone. 4) Beside alantolactone, a very strong anthelmintic component is contained in the root of Inula helenium. Administration of the root extract causes irreversible damage on the worm, affecting mainly the reproductive organs. 5) The cercaricidal substances from the epidermis of C. carpio and C. carpio nudus are ethyl linoleate and linoleic acid, respertively. 6) The cercaricidal substances from various kinds of fresh water fish have different Rf values, implying that the defense substances are species-specific. Unexpectedly, the fish with good host function, for example pseudorasbora parva, excrete the defense substances, too. The defense substances are possibly organ-specific in individual species; the organs essential for the existence of the species excrete the defense substances, allowing other only in the fish which have been collected during the summer time from May to September. Its secretion is not dependant on water temperature. Thus, it seems to be possible that the secretion of the defense substance would be stimulated through a contact between the fish and cercaria.

近代國家의 諸課題

安秉俊 한국정치학회 1980 한국정치학회보 Vol.14 No.-

간디스토마에 작용하는 천연물 및 그 유사체

안병준,이재구 全北大學校 附設 畜産開發硏究所 1987 畜産開發硏究報告 Vol.1 No.-

Among 230 species of herbal drugs screened, thirty one show the anthelmintic activities in vilro against Clonorchis sinensis, the chinese liver fluke. The active substances have been isolated and their structures identified, Some of the active substances and their derivatives have been synthesized, followed by anthelmintic activity tests. The extracts from the active drugs cause damages in organs of the adult worm in the hepatic duct of rabbit. Some fresh water fish, which function as bad hosts for the fluke, excrete defense substances against the cercaria of the fluke. The defense substances have been isolated from Cyprinus carpio and Cyprinus carpio nudus, followed by structural identification. The results are summarized as follows: 1) The bark of machilus thunbergii as well as the seed of Schizandra chinensis contain meso-dihydro-guaiaretic acid as the anthelmintic component. Among derivatives synthesized, 4-phenyl-1-〔(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-, 4-phenyl-l-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxy phenyl)-and 4-phenyl-l-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy phenyl)-2,3-dimethyl butanes show considerable activities. Administration of the bark extract mainly damages the bladder of the adult worm. 2〕 The active substance from the roasted fruit of Prunus mume is 2-hydroxymethylfurfural. This substance is produced during the roasting process. Administration of the fruit extract causes a damage of the bladder of the adult worm. 3) The active substance from the root of Scutellaria baicalensis is 5.2^'-dihydroxy-6,7,8,6^' -tetramethoxyflavone. 4) Beside alantolactone, a very strong anthelmintic component is contained in the root of Inula helenium. Administration of the root extract causes irreversible damage on the worm, affecting mainly the reproductive organs. 5) The cercaricidal substances from the epidermis of C. carpio and C. carpio nudus are ethyl linoleate and linoleic acid, respertively. 6) The cercaricidal dubstances from various kinds of fresh water fish have different R_f calues,implying that the defense substances are species-specific. Unexpectedly, the fish with good host function, for example Pseudorasbora parva, excrete the defense substances, too. The defense substances are possibly organ-specific in individual species; the organs essenstial for the existence of the species excrete the defense substances, allowing other parts to be invaded by the cercaria. 7) The cercaricidal fraction of Carassius carasssius is delected only in the fish which have been collected during the summer time from May to September. Its secretion is not dependant on water temperature. Thus, it seems to be possible that the secretion of the defense substance would be stimulated through a contact between the fish and cercaria.

蘇聯의 亞細亞進出과 美·日·中의 對蘇軍事 協力의 可能性과 意味

安秉俊 연세대학교 행정대학원 1981 延世行政論叢 Vol.8 No.-

政治理念과 體制統合을 위한 방안

安秉俊 경북대학교 평화문제연구소 1993 평화연구 Vol.18 No.-

철도종사자의 피로, 스트레스, 안전성격의 상관분석에 관한 연구

안병준,류시욱,박민규 한국경영공학회 2007 한국경영공학회지 Vol.12 No.3

It is important to prevent human errors in advance in the mass transportation systems like railway. It is because human errors have been known to occupy the greater part of causes of accident. Likewise, human factors play a significant role in rail safety.This paper surveys and analyzes the correlation relationships among fatigue, stress, and safety personality of railway personnellocomotive engineers, station employees, and train commanders in Korean Railway Company. Through the surveys, we study the relations among the several detailed items related to the human factors of railway personnel. Finally, for the management of safety in the railway industry, we present some managerial insights as well as useful guidelines for each case in correlation analysis.

韓 · 日語 助詞 「を」와「를」(을)의 比較硏究 : 韓國學生의 誤用例를 中心으로

安柄俊 圓光大學校大學院 1983 學位 論叢 Vol.1 No.-

The Japan language is identical in the grammatical pattern of sentence and in the Workd order with the Korean language. They can be understood as the agglutinative language in common which includes the postposition. But it is not always that the particle of the Japanese language is used in the same case as the Korean language. This has caused many a student not to continue learning the Japanese language. Which many a student has hopeed and chosun as the secondary foreign language in Korea because it has seemed easy to learn. One of the different things between the Japanese language and the Korean language in using the particle may be sought from using the particle 'を' in the Japanese language and using the particle '를 or 을' in the Korean language. They are corresponding to each other in the situation of expressing the objective case of the transitive verb. But the following differences are shown up from them : First, the particle 'が' is used for the particle 'を' with the intransitive verb which is used transitively as the verb showing possibility. Second, the particle 'が' is used for the particle 'を' with the word showing faculty which has a likeness to the adjective and the adjectival verb. Third, to statement of loving or not, the verb is mainly used in the Korean language. but the adjective and the adjectival verb are used primarily in the Japanese language. So the particle '를 or 을' is used importantly to demonstrate the objective case of the transitive verb in the Korean language, and the particle 'が' is used primarily to demonstrate the nominative case of the adjective and the adjectival verb in the Japanese language. Fourth, the particle 'を' is not always corresponding to the particle '를 or 을' because the transitive verb and the intransitive verb are used separately in the Korean language but not in the Japanese language. Fifth, the particle 'を' is used to show the starting-point related to the verb in the Japanese language, but the particle '를 or 을' corresponding to the particle 'を' is not used to show the starting-point related to the verb in the Korean language. The datum is made to confirm the above usages through the inquiry into 107 students of a high school who have learned for about fifty hours, and 54 freshmen and 49 sophomores who make a speciality of the Japanese language in Wonkwang University. And it is written as the diagram at ending part of this summary, which is titled as the following: Regularly Using Rate Of The Particle 'を' Corresponding To The Particle '를 Or 을' · The diagram shows that during the more hours the instruction of the Japanese language is given the student. at the higher degree the rate of using the particle 'を' to the gramm ar is checked and it leads all the high school teachers determine to pay regard to the instruction of the pa rticle 'を'.

석탄회 및 화산회를 이용한 제올라이트의 합성과 그 응용

안병준,전병은,이민규 전남대학교 촉매연구소 1998 촉매학술발표회 Vol.- No.15

Coal fly ash and Scoria, which is abundantly found in Cheju island, were used for synthesizing zeolite. Zeolites could be readily synthesized from these materials and showed potential for the removal of heavy metal ions. By use of different temperatures and NaOH concentration, six different zeolites were obtained: Na-P1, faujasite, hydroxy sodalite, analcime, nepheline and cancrinite. The results show that mullite and plagioclase could be easily converted to zeolite phases. The synthetic zeolites had greater adsorption capacities for heavy metals than the original fly ash and natural zeolites. Na-P1 exhibited the highest adsorption capacity with a maximum value of about 1.3 m㏖ Pb g^-1 and had a strong affinity for Pb^2+ ion. The metal ion selectivity of Na-P1 was determined as: Pb^2+ 〉Cu^2+ 〉Cd^2+ 〉Zn^2+ 〉Fe^3+. This tendency was consistent with the decreasing order of the radius of hydrated metal ion.