Prediction of Smart Greenhouse Temperature-Humidity Based on Multi-Dimensional LSTMs

송영은(Young Eun Song),문애경(Aekyung Moon),안수용(Su-Yong An),정회룡(Hoeryong Jung) Korean Society for Precision Engineering 2019 한국정밀공학회지 Vol.36 No.3

The objective of this study is to investigate a novel temperature and humidity prediction algorithm for smart greenhouse based on the machine learning method. The smart greenhouse is known to increase farm production by automatically controlling temperature and humidity and other factors. However, maintaining constant inside temperature and humidity in the conventional smart greenhouse system is still a problem because of the multiple time delay elements. To solve the problems, prediction control scheme is required. But, since the system is highly nonlinear with the lack of sensory data, predicting accurate temperature and humidity is very challenging. In this paper, the multi-dimensional Long Short-Term Memory networks (LSTMs) is being applied to deal with the unstructured greenhouse environmental data. The designed LSTMs learning model is trained with the 27 dimensional data which comprises of all the greenhouse control parameter and environmental sensory data. The prediction performance was evaluated using the short, mid and long term experiments. Also, the comparison with the conventional recurrent neural networks (RNNs) based prediction algorithm was done using the experimental results and later on discussions.

최대전력점 추적방법을 이용한 미생물연료전지 전력생산 및 효율 초대화

송영은 ( Young Eun Song ),김중래 ( Jung Rae Kim ) 한국물환경학회(구 한국수질보전학회) 2014 한국물환경학회·대한상하수도학회 공동 춘계학술발표회 Vol.2014 No.-

천마의 젖산발효에 따른 이취성분 및 Parishin 유도체의 변화

송영은 ( Young Eun Song ),이인석 ( In Sok Lee ),송은주 ( Eun Ju Song ),최민경 ( Min Kyung Choi ),한현아 ( Hyun Ah Han ),신소희 ( So Hee Shin ),최소라 ( So Ra Choi ),이기권 ( Ki Kwon Lee ),김명곤 ( Myung Kon Kim ),박신영 ( Shin You 한국식품영양학회 2017 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.30 No.5

Gastrodia elata Blume often has been used for the treatment of headaches, convulsions, hypertension, and neurodegenerative diseases. The main active constituents are gastrodin, 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol, vanillyl alcohol, 4-hydroxybenzylaldehyde and parishin A, B, C and E. Because Gastrodia elata has also unacceptable off-odor (swine barnyard-like) for food, there is a need to reduce it as well as allow for greater utilization as a functional food materials. In this study, a major off-odor producing substance of Gastrodia elata was fractionated by steam distillation and silica gel column chromatography. The substance was identified as p-cresol(4-methyl phenol) by GC-MS analysis and comparison of the retention time with that of an authentic compound in GC. The content of p-cresol in fermented Gastrodia elata was decreased. A fermented sample of Latobacillus sakei for 2 days was reduced to 54.7%, when compared with a unfermented sample. The five parishin derivatives in Gastrodia elata were identified by HPLC-MS analyses, and a comparison of HPLC retention times with those of authentic compounds. When compared with parishin derivatives of an unfermented Gastrodia elata, those of Gastrodia elata fermented by L. sakei, increased to 18.3% for 2 days. Increases of about 14.0~38.4% of the total phenolic compounds and 57.4~77.3% total flavonoids were found in fermented extracts, by 3 lactic acid bacteria strains. They were compared with 97.1±2.9 μg/g and 40.9±2.0 μg/g in the unfermented control, respectively. The extracts of Gastrodia elata Blume that were fermented by lactic acid bacteria had higher DPPH free radical scavenging activity and FRAP reducing power than the unfermented control.

각국의 환경교육 관련 자격제도 탐색-미국, 영국, 일본을 중심으로-

송영은(Young-Eun Song) 한국환경교육학회 2004 環境 敎育 Vol.17 No.2

The aim of this study is to provide a guide for the development of non-formal environmental educator certification system by analyzing certification systems in the United States, United Kingdom, and Japan.<br/> The following observations from reviewing environmental educator certification systems in the United States, United Kingdom, and Japan have implications for development of our own system in Korea.<br/> First, environmental educator certification systems are generally managed by cooperation of local environmental education organization association and local universities.<br/> Second, in many programs, applicants are qualified through processes including taking required curriculum and submitting portfolio or documents for reviewing of qualification. <br/> Third, in the United States, the majority of programs adopted curriculum based on ‘Guidelines for the Initial Preparation of Environmental Educator’ by NAAEE, which means the majority of programs have relatively standardized curriculum.<br/> Fourth, curriculums consist of basic skills of teaching, communication, leadership as well as contents of environmental education so that the applicants can practice more efficient environmental education when they are certified.<br/> Fifth, the certification programs utilize selected organizations' environmental education programs for training of applicants rather than establish their own programs. It contributes to the improvement of programs of organizations that applicants participated.

최대전력점추적방법과 외부저항 제어 알고리즘을 이용한 미생물연료 전지의 전력생산 최대화

송영은(Young Eun Song),김중래(Jung Rae Kim) 한국생물공학회 2014 KSBB Journal Vol.29 No.4

A microbial fuel cell (MFC) and bioelectrochemical systems are novel bioprocesses which employ exoelectrogenic biofilm on electrode as a biocatalyst for electricity generation and various useful chemical production. Previous reports show that electrogenic biofilms of MFCs are time varying systems and dynamically interactive with the electrically conductive media (carbon paper as terminal electron acceptor). It has been reported that maximum power point tracking (MPPT) method can automatically control load by algorithm so that increase power generation and columbic efficiency. In this study, we developed logic based control strategy for external load resistance by using LabVIEW<SUP>TM</SUP> which increases the power production with using flat-plate MFCs and MPPT circuit board. The flat-plate MFCs inoculated with anaerobic digester sludge were stabilized with fixed external resistance from 1000 Ω to 100 Ω. Automatic load control with MPPT started load from 52 Ω during 120 hours of operation. MPPT control strategy increased approximately 2.7 times of power production and power density (1.95 mW and 13.02 mW/㎥) compared to the initial values before application of MPPT (0.72 mW and 4.79 mW/㎥).

초·중·고등학생 체격의 세대간 변화

송영은(Young Eun Song),강상조(Sang Jo Kang),한성수(Sung Soo Han) 한국체육측정평가학회 2004 한국체육측정평가학회지 Vol.6 No.1

초등학생의 손가락 길이 비율(2D:4D ratio)에 따른 체격 및 체력요인 비교

송영은 ( Young-eun Song ),강은범 ( Eun-bum Kang ),김창환 ( Chang-hwan Kim ) 한국운동생리학회(구 한국운동과학회) 2016 운동과학 Vol.25 No.3

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to investigate if the second to fourth finger length ratio (2D:4D ratio) can be used as a factor to predict elementary student`s athletic ability. METHODS: With the participation of 371 elementary students (223 male, 148 female), X-ray images of their hands were taken for the analysis of the length from the midpoint between the distal end of the metacarpal bone and the proximal end of the proximal phalanges to the tip of the finger. As for group classification, students were divided into three groups: Low group for those less than 25%; Medium group for those between 25 and 75%; and High group for those above 75%. RESULTS: It was found that 2D:4D ratio of male students were statistically significantly lower than that of female students. As for physique factors according to 2D:4D ratio by grade and gender, statistically significant difference was found in the height of fourth grade female students. Among other groups, no other items indicated difference in physique factor. In addition, as for physical factors, statistically significant difference was not found in any group or item. Lastly, it was found that there is no correlation between 2D:4D ratio and physical factors. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, 2D:4D was found of which reliability was low as predictors of elementary student`s physique and physical fitness factors. Consequently, it is considered that further studies will be required for whether the innate 2D:4D ratio and sex hormone can be changed through longitudinal study.

모션 캡쳐를 이용한 원격제어 최근 연구

송영은(Young Eun Song) 호서대학교 공업기술연구소 2018 공업기술연구 논문집 Vol.37 No.1

로봇 원격제어는 인간의 지능과 로봇의 정밀도 및 기계적 강도와의 결합을 통하여 위험하거나 잠재적인 위험이 존재하는 미탐사 지역에서 중요한 역할을 수행하고 있다. 하지만 현실감과 직관성 등이 부족한 인터페이스는 원격 오퍼레이팅에 어려움을 초래하는 경우가 많다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해 최근 활발하게 연구가 진행되고 있다. 예를 들면 모션 기반 제어, 비주얼 피드백 시스템, 촉각 또는 포스 피드백 및 기타 다양한 피드백 시스템 및 가상현실 기반 인터페이스 시스템 등이다. 본 논문에서는 보다 현실감 있는 원격 제어 인터페이스로 직관적인 오퍼레이팅을 실현하기 위해, 모션 기반 멀티 모달 피드백 원격 제어 시스템에 초점을 맞추어 최근 연구 동향을 파악하고 앞으로의 가능성을 논의 하였다. Robotic teleoperation has been studied to combine the intelligence of human and the precision and mechanical strength of robot, and thus teleoperation systems have performed where environments are dangerous, unstructured, and under-recognized. But the lack of reality and fidelity often makes a human operator has difficulties to control robots at the remote site. To solve this problem, various approaches have been investigated in previous researches, e.g. human gesture-based control, visual feedback system, tactile or force feedback and other various haptic systems. This paper describes a tendency among these efforts, especially focussed on the multimodal feedback method for motion-based teleoperation system to make highly adaptable system to the human operator in order to achieve more realistic teleoperation interface with high fidelity.

당화방법에 따른 유산균 발효천마의 품질특성

송영은,최소라,송은주,서상영,이인석,한현아,이기권,송영주,김영회,김명곤,박신영,Song, Young-Eun,Choi, So-Ra,Song, Eun-Ju,Seo, Sang-Young,Lee, In-Sok,Han, Hyun-Ah,Lee, Ki-Kwon,Song, Young-Ju,Kim, Young-Hoi,Kim, Myung-Kon,Park, Shin-Young 한국식품영양학회 2016 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.29 No.5

천마의 불쾌취 개선을 위한 당화방법별 유산균 발효 결과는 3일 발효시 엿기름과 쌀누룩 이용 당화에서 총 산도가 각각 2.23, 2.33%이었으며, 생균수는 9.14 log cfu/mL와 9.27 log cfu/mL로 높았다. 발효기간이 길어짐에 따라 총 산도는 계속 높아져 3.35%까지 증가하였으나, 생균수는 3일 발효에서 가장 많았다. 아미노산 함량은 엿기름과 쌀누룩 이용 당화에서 높았고, 유리당 함량은 효소 이용 당화에서 높았으며, 그 중 glucose 함량이 가장 높았다. 천마 주성분인 gastrodin, p-HBA 등 주 성분 함량도 효소 이용 당화에서 가장 높았다. 이취성분인 p-cresol 함량이 엿기름 이용 당화에서 낮아 관능평가 결과에서도 엿기름을 이용하여 당화한 유산균 발효천마가 가장 좋은 기호도를 나타내었다. This study aimed to evaluate the quality characteristics of Gastrodia elata Blume fermented by lactic acid bacteria after saccharifying by 3 methods including enzyme, malt, and rice-nuruk. The lactic acid bacteria (LAB), Pediococcus inopinatus BK-3, isolated from kimchi could reduce the unpleasant taste and odor of Gastrodia elata Blume. The total acidity value of Gastrodia elata fermented by LAB on the malt and rice-nuruk extract solution for 3 days was 2.23% and 2.33%, respectively. After saccharification by malt and rice-nuruk extract solution for 3 days, the viable cell number of fermented Gastrodia elata was 9.14 log cfu/mL and 9.27 log cfu/mL, respectively. The total acidity values were increased above 3.35% by malt and rice-nuruk extract solution for 8 days. Thus, the viable cell number was the highest by malt and rice-nuruk extract solution fermentation for 3 days. The amino acid content of Gastrodia elata fermented by LAB after saccharification by malt extract solution was higher than that of other saccharifying methods. The free sugar content and p-hydroxybenzyl derivatives induced by the enzyme method were higher than those of other saccharifying methods. The overall acceptability was the highest at 4.2 point in Gastrodia elata fermented by malt extract solution.

컨조인트 분석을 이용한 친환경농산물 시장세분화에 관한 연구

송영은(Young Eun Song),이수범(Soo Bum Lee) 한국호텔외식관광경영학회 2009 호텔경영학연구 Vol.18 No.1

This study is aimed at segmenting the organic agricultural products market by means of conjoint analysis and according to the attributes conceived as important by consumers and thereby defining the proper marketing strategies for each segmented market. Conjoint analysis is a very instrumental tool for market segmentation and product positioning. Because conjoint analysis usually is carried out at the individual level rather than at the aggregate level, significant improvements in predictive validity are obtained. According to this study importance of attributes was in order of price(40.71%), place of purchase(39.01%), brand(20.28%). Also this study discovered that the combination of attributes preferred most by consumers was no-brand, 150% price premium, buying at organic products specialty stores.