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박영도(Young-Do Park) 한국사회학회 2003 韓國社會學 Vol.37 No.4
동일성을 절대화하는 보편주의적 독단의 위험과 차이를 절대화하는 상대주의의 회의주의적 위험을 모두 피할 수 있기 위해선 내재적 초월의 사유가 요구된다. 이 논문에서는 ‘일상생활 속에 머무르면서 일상생활을 초월한다’는 것을 최고의 경지로 간주해왔던 동아시아의 전통적 사유로부터 이 요구에 부응할 수 있는 가능성을 검토하려고 한다. 이런 문제의식에서 이 글은 신유가, 특히 성리학의 사유모델을 내재적 초월의 관점에서 비판적으로 재구성한다. 먼저 내재와 초월의 구별은 표기와 무기의 구별이 표기의 영역 속으로 재진입하면서 발생한다는 점을 지적하고, 이 관점에서 출발하여 신유가적 사유의 발생맥락을 조명하고, 신유가의 우주론적이고 탈목적론적인 내재적 초월의 문법을 해명한다. 마지막으로, 우주론적인 초월의 길이 무너진 현재, 탈목적론 적인 내재적 초월을 계승해 가는 하나의 길로서, 사회적 소통의 차원에서 내재적 초월의 문법을 구성하는 길을 스케치한다. Various forms of struggle for recognition in contemporary world require us to reconstruct anew the grammar of immanent transcendence to steer carefully between the dogmatism of the universalistic mode of thought and the relativism of the contextualistic mode of thought. The purpose of this paper is to seek, in the spirit of the comparative study of thoughts, a possibility to meet this requirement in the Neo-Confucian thought which, from the start, was characterized by the following formulation: ‘it transcends daily ordinary activities, yet it is not divorced from them.’ At first, I show that the distinction between the immanent and the transcendent is originated in the re-entry of the distinction between the marked and the unmarked into the marked. Based on this thought, I try then to explain the structural context of the rising of the Neo-Confucian thought in its debates with the Buddhist thought. And, then, I show that the Neo-Confucian model of the immanent transcendence is characterized by its cosmological framework of human/cosmology and its post-teleological structure. Finally, I show the reason why the cosmological framework can not work today and suggest to reconstruct the Neo-Confucian post-teleological structure of the immanent transcendence on the field of social communication.
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Virtual Reality Head Mounted Display 기반 공군 조종사 모의비행 훈련 시뮬레이터 운용효과에 관한 연구
박영도(Young Do Park),마정목(Jungmok Ma) 대한인간공학회 2021 大韓人間工學會誌 Vol.40 No.2
Objective: The purpose of this study is to compare Visual Monitor (VM)-based and Virtual Reality Head Mounted Display (VR HMD)-based simulated flight training simulators in terms of flight training effects, user experience effects. Background: VR HMD-based simulators can increase immersion and realism by providing more realistic virtual environments in comparison to VM-based simulators. Existing studies related to VR HMD-based simulators have been mainly focused on flight training effects of pilots rather than all the effects collectively. Method: This study conducted a comparative experiment of VM-based and VR HMD-based simulators with 25 Republic of Korea Air Force F-15K fighter pilots. The survey measured 20 detailed evaluation items related to flight training effects and user experience effects using a 7-point scale for the two simulators. Results: 5 out of 10 items on flight training effects, 8 out of 10 items on user experience effects were statistically significantly higher in VR HMD-based simulators than in VM-based simulators. Conclusion: When VR HMD-based simulators are used to the flight training for Air Force pilots, practical operational effects can be improved in terms of flight training effects, user experience effects. Application: The results of this study are expected to help us understand the system characteristics of VR HMD-based simulators.
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P. acnes와 HaCaT 세포에서 염증성 사이토카인 발현에 관한 Blue Light의 효과
박영도 ( Young Do Park ),이규석 ( Kyu Suk Lee ) 대한피부과학회 2009 大韓皮膚科學會誌 Vol.47 No.11
Background: Acne is a multifactorial disease. Particularly, Propionibacterium acne acts on triglycerides and releases cytokines, which trigger inflammatory reactions and alter the infundibular keratinization status. Recently, visible light, especially blue light, has been shown to activate the endogenous porphyrins of P. acne, which results in a photodynamic reaction that destroys the bacteria. However, the effect of blue light on inflamed lesion, inflammatory papules, pustules, are largely unknown. Objective: We investigated the bactericidal effect of blue light on P. acnes as well as the inhibitory effect on the expression of inflammatory cytokines in HaCaT cells. Methods: We performed the colony count assay in blue light irradiated-culture media of P. acnes and RT-PCR analysis in blue light irradiated-HaCaT immortalized keratinocytes. Results: A 7 minute irradiation with blue light was bactericidal to P. acnes. It decreased the expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 in HaCaT cells. Expression of TNF-α-induced TNF-α and TLR 2 were down-regulated by blue light in HaCaT cells. Conclusion: Blue light is a potential anti-acne treatment. (Korean J Dermatol 2009;47(11):1213~1219)
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박영도(Park, Young-Do) 한국이론사회학회 2011 사회와 이론 Vol.18 No.-
이 글의 목적은 한국의 경험을 바탕으로 발전된 한상진의 비판적 사회이론을 헤겔에서 확립되어 하버마스에 의해 변형된 ‘성찰적 비판문법’의 관점에서 재구성하는 데 있다. 먼저, 1) 성찰적 비판문법을 개괄하고 이 전통 속에서 한상진의 사회이론이 갖는 위치와 특징을 지적한다. 2) 성찰적 비판의 첫 번째 차원은 사회의 모순적 발달경향을 포착하는 내재적 비판의 차원인데, 한상진에서 이것은 한국의 관료적 권위주의와 위험경향에 대한 분석으로 나타난다. 3) 이어서, 더 이상 역사철학에 의해 지지되지 않는 합리성 잠재력을 지닌 변혁 주체가 누구인가에 대한 대답으로서 중민이론이 제시되었음을 밝힌다. 4) 한상진에서 성찰적 비판의 규범적 지평은 동아시아의 규범적 잠재력에 바탕을 둔 성찰적 현대화의 모색으로 나타나는데, 민주화를 위한 유교의 규범적 잠재력에 대한 그의 관심은 이 맥락에서 이해할 수 있다. 결론적으로 한상진의 비판적 사회이론이 오늘날 우리가 직면한 비판의 위기를 넘어서 동아시아 특색의 성찰적 비판문법의 길을 열었다고 볼 수 있다. The purpose of this article is to interpret Han Sang-Jin’s critical social theory as a reconstruction, based on the historical experiences of Korea and East Asia, of the grammar of reflexive critique which was established by Hegel, and transformed by Marx and Habermas. 1) I first draw an outline of this grammar and show what is the characteristics of Han’s critical theory within this tradition of reflexive critique. 2) Then his critical theory is reconstructed according to three aspects of the reflexive critique from the viewpoint of the theory of rationality. His theory of the Korean bureaucratic authoritarianism and his concerns with risk tendencies are to discern the contradictory tendencies of the Korean road of modernization, which is the main task of the immanent critique as the first aspect of the reflexive critique. 3) With regard to the second aspect, his theory of middling grassroots is an answer to the question of who is the agency of transformation with the rationality potentials which is not supported by the grand philosophy of history. 4) The third aspect of his critical theory is characterized by the perspective of reflexive modernization supported by the normative potentials of the East Asian cultural tradition, which explains his effort to reconstruct the normative potentials of Confucianism. We can conclude from this analysis that Han’s critical theory opens the road to the East Asian specific grammar of the reflexive critique.
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박영도(Park, Young-Do) 중앙대학교 법학연구원 2011 法學論文集 Vol.35 No.1
Several amendments to the German Basic Law was implemented since 8th October 2008 to the end of 2010, in respond to deployment of the European Union and the global economic crisis. In particular, the Basic Law amended six times during the signing of the Lisbon Treaty, referred to as the 2nd federalism reform, the main contents of the Basic Law was amended. In this study examines the main content from 8 October 2008 amended Basic Law to 21 July 2010 its amendment. Revise the Basic Law of the 53th, according to the Lisbon Treaty, expanding the right of Bundestag and Bundesrat to the problems of the European Union, as a condition of legislation to deal with the enhanced, and of the Law to the basic rights of Bundestag and Bundesrat had been necessary. in this Amendment, The following provision was added to Article 23(European Union –Protection of basic rights. Principle of subsidiarity) hereof. “The Bundestag and the Bundesrat shall have the right to bring an action before the Court of Justice of the European Union to challenge a legislative act of the European Union for infringing the principle of subsidiarity. The Bundestag is obliged to initiate such an action at the request of one fourth of its Members. ……”. Revise the Basic Law the 57th, as the reform of federalism in the second stage following the major revisions of the Basic Law due to reform federal system of the first phase of the 28 August 2006, major revisions of the relevant provisions of Finance and the revision of this basic law since 2003, once completed the reform of federalism promoted by the Federal government. The most recently revised Basic Law Article 91e was cooperation in respect of basic support for persons seeking employment.
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