국립공원 내 공중화장실에 대한 탐방객 인식에 관한 연구 : 지리산국립공원을 중심으로

이호(Ho Lee),이승록(Seung-Rok Lee),박기현(Ki-Hyun Park),박은희(Eun-Hee Park),차진열(Jin-Yeol Cha),심규원(Kyu-Won Sim),강동원(Dong-Won Gang) 국립공원연구원 2011 국립공원연구지 Vol.2 No.1

본 연구는 공원 내 공중화장실에 대한 탐방객의 인식이 만족도에 미치는 영향을 규명하고자 수행하였다. 현지 설문조사는 지리산국립공원의 성삼재와 중산리 일원을 방문한 탐방객 292명을 대상으로 이루어졌다. 분석결과, 공중화장실의 관리상태, 외관, 디자인 요인 모두 탐방객의 공중화장실 이용 만족에 영향을 주는 것으로 분석되었으며, 그 중 관리상태가 가장 큰 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 탐방객의 인식과 만족을 향상시키기 위해서는 공중화장실의 청결한 관리 및 유지, 악취 방지, 소모품의 원활한 공급 등에 우선순위를 두어 집중적으로 관리할 필요가 있는 것으로 나타났다. This study conducts to investigate the relationship between visitors’ perception and satisfaction. Data of 292 visitors were collected from Seongsamjae and Jungsanri in Jirisan National Park. The results showed that maintenance, outlook and design of public toilet are positively related to visitors’ satisfaction. One of the major research findings is that the maintenance of public toilet most affects visitors’ satisfaction. Therefore, the park managers need to put great emphasis on the cleanliness and maintenance, preventing stinks, consumable supplies of public toilet in order to enhance visitors’ perception and satisfaction.

DNA 상해와 복제억제에 미치는 3 - methylcholanthrene 의 영향

박기현,이정섭,이형호,박상대 ( Ki Hyun Park,Jung Sup Lee,Hyung Ho Lee,Sang Dai Park ) 생화학분자생물학회 1985 BMB Reports Vol.18 No.2

DNA strand breaks and replication inhibition by 3-methylcholanthrene (3-MC) were determined in the presence or absence of metabolic activation in CHO-Kl cells. DNA strand breaks were induced in a small extent by 3-MC for 24 hr treatment. However, the single strand breaks were effectively induced by 3-MC for 1 hr treatment with the metabolic activation system. The production of strand breaks were remarkably increased by post-incubation with hydorxyurea and ara-C. At low doses below 10^(-6) M, inhibition of replicon initiation was observed, at higher doses non-specific inhibition of both replicon initiation and chain growth was shown.

Dimethylnitrosamine 이 흰쥐의 내분비에 미치는 영향

박기현,선우 양일 ( Ki Hyun Park,Yang Il Sunwoo ) 생화학분자생물학회 1981 BMB Reports Vol.14 No.1

1. When dimethylnitrosamine (DMN) was injected to Wistar female rat before the ovulation, the sercetion of progesterone and estradiol-17β was substantially suppressed. However, the different levels of these hormone secretion according to the DMN concentration was not significant, 2. In the case of the pregnant rats, DMN inhibited the secretion of estradiol-17β at the stage of ovulation and early implantation, In contrast with the above facts, the .secretion of this hormone was enhanced during the progressive implantation, 3. A similar behavior with the one of estradiol-17β was also observed in the secretion of progesterone for the case of the pregnant rats treated with DMN.

유도물질에 의한 휜쥐조직의 Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylase 수준비교와 간장에서 Cytochrome P - 450s 의 동위효소 유도

박기현,김정렬 ( Ki Hyun Park,Chung Ryul Kim ) 생화학분자생물학회 1984 BMB Reports Vol.17 No.1

The induction levels of microsomal aryl hydrocarbon hydrosylase (AHHase, EC 1.14.14.1) in tissues of Sprague-Dawley rats (male, 160-180g) were investigated after i.p. administration with 3-methylcholanthrene (3-MC), phenobarbital (Pb), catechol and ethyl alcohol, or these mixtures. 3-MC, 3MC+ethyl alcohol or Pb treatment significantly induced AHHase level in all the groups tested, whereas AHHase activities by treatment of ethyl alcohol or catechol had not reached that of 3-MC or Pb in liver. When rats were treated with mixture of 3-MC and catechol, kidney was the tissue most sensitive to induction of AHHase in all cases. Pb-induced P-450 content was greatly higher than that of 3-MC, but apparent AHHase induction was observed in the livers of rats treated 3-MC as compared to that of the corresponding Pb. There was because the patterns of induction of AHHase activities by Pb or 3-MC were not only very different, but induction levels of P-450 isozymes (P-450-a, P-450-b, P-450-c, P-450-d) from liver were also different. The Pb-monoclonal antibody inhibited about 30~ of the AHHase activities of Pb-induced liver microsome at a concentration of 200~g ascites fluid protein per reaction mixture (㎖) . The liver microsome from 3-MCtreated rats also were inhibited about 70% of the AHHase activity by 3-MC-monoclonal antibody. These results demonstrate that the high induction of 30% of P-450-b and 70% of P-450-c in total P-450s of rat liver microsomes by Pb or 3-MC treatment, respectively.

Cytochrome P - 450 유도물질 처리한 흰쥐 간의 마이크로좀 Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylase 활성도와 혈액의 Polyamines 농도와의 관계

박기현,이윤형 ( Ki Hyun Park,Youn Hyung Lee ) 생화학분자생물학회 1985 BMB Reports Vol.18 No.3

The relationship between polyamines in blood and aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHHase, EC, 1.14.14.1) activities in hepatic microsomes was observed when rats (Sprague - Dawley, male, 150 160 g) were treated intraperitoneally with phenobarbital (Pb) or 3 - methylcholanthrene (3 - MC) as potent inducers of cytochrome P - 450 (P - 450) isoenzymes. In the case of Pb - treatment for an induction of P - 450 - b, P - 450 contents of hepatic microsomes were significantly enhanced and total polyamine levels in blood had no change After administration of 3 - MC as a carcinogen and an inducer of P - 450 - c, the major polyamines measured in blood were putrescine and spermidine and total polyamine level was increased over 2 - fold. In particular, putrescine concentration was enhanced drastically when compared with control value (10 - fold). These results indicate that only the putrescine was accumulated abnormally because ornithine decarboxylase and polyamine oxidase as enzymes of polyamine synthesis or degradation were stimulated by metabolites of 3 - MC treated. On the other hand, hepatic microsomal AHHase activities by the induction of P - 450 - c were increased over 13 - fold. In this respect, a relationship is suggested between AHHase activities enhanced from induction of P - 450 - c and synthesis or degradation of polyamines.

발암의 생화학적 표지로서 폴리아민에 관한 연구 ( 1 ) - 다핵 방향족 탄화수소와 니트로 화합물이 흰쥐의 폴리아민 수준에 미치는 영향

박기현,김정락 ( Ki Hyun Park,Jung Rock Khim ) 생화학분자생물학회 1982 BMB Reports Vol.15 No.3

Changes in polyamine content in the liver of rat were investigated after a single oral dose with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (3-methylcholanthrene, 100 ㎎; 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene, 20 ㎎) and a single i.p. injection with nitrosamines (diethylnitrosamine, 30 ㎎; diethanolnitrosamine, 30 ㎎), respectively. Spermiddlne concentrations showed considerable increase on day 5 after chemical administration and elevated to a level about 2 times higher than that of controls on day 15. Spermidines of these maximal levels on day 15 were markedly decreased later, but slightly increased again after 20 days and appeared to remain 1.7 fold as compared controls until 50 days. In the case of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene- treated rat, spermidine concentration was a maximal level on day 10 and decreased progressively later. Spermine concentrations were not exhibited a characteristic changes during the period studied.

실리콘 연마에서 패드 버핑 공정이 연마특성에 미치는 영향

박기현,정해도,박재홍,마사하루키노시타,Park, Ki-Hyun,Jeong, Hae-Do,Park, Jae-Hong,Kinoshita, Masaharu 한국전기전자재료학회 2007 전기전자재료학회논문지 Vol.20 No.4

This paper investigated the effect of the pad buffing process on the material removal characteristics and pad stabilization during silicon chemical mechanical polishing. The pads surface were controlled by the buffing process using a buffer made by the sandpaper. The buffing process is based on abrasive machining by using a high speed sandpaper. The controlled pad by the buffing process show less deformation deviation and stable material removal rate during the CMP process. In addition, the controlled pad ensure better uniformity of removal rate than comparative pads. As a result of monitoring, the controlled pad by the buffing process demonstrated constant and stable friction force signals from initial polishing stage. Therefore, the tufting process could control the pad surface to be uniform and improve the performance of the polishing pad.

국내 극저준위방폐물 처분시설 인수기준 마련을 위한 미국 처분시설의 인수기준 분석

박기현,정세원,이운장,이경호,Park, Kihyun,Chung, Sewon,Lee, Unjang,Lee, Kyungho 한국방사성폐기물학회 2020 방사성폐기물학회지 Vol.18 No.1

According to the Korea Radioactive Waste Agency's (KORAD's) medium and low level radioactive waste management implementation plan, the Domestic 3rd Step Landfill Disposal Facility has planned to accept a total of 104,000 drums (2 trenches) of very low level radioactive waste (VLLW), from the decommissioning site from April 2019 - February 2026 (total budget: 224.6 billion Won). Subsequently, 260,000 drums (5 trenches) will be disposed in a 34,076 ㎡. Accordingly, KORAD is preparing a waste acceptance criteria (WAC) for this facility. Every disposal facility for VLLW in other countries such as France and Spain, operate their WAC for each VLLW facility with a reasonable application approach, This, paper focuses on analyzing the WAC conditions in VLLW sites in the USA and discusses whether these can be met in domestic VLLW WAC. It also helps in the preparation of WAC for the 3rd Step Landfill Disposal Site in Gyeongju, since the USA has prior experience on decommissioning nuclear waste.

고성능 병렬화일 시스템을 위한 디스크 할당 방법

박기현,Park, Kee-Hyun 한국정보처리학회 2000 정보처리논문지 Vol.7 No.9

최근, 멀티미디어 정보처리와 같은 대규모 데이터 처리에 필수적인 입출력 시스템의 성능을 높이기 위하여 많은 관심이 집중되고 있으며, 고성능 병렬화일 시스템에 관한 연구도 이런 노력에 속한다. 본 연구에서는 고성능 병렬화일 시스템을 위한 효율적인 디스크 할당 방법을 제안한다. 즉, 병렬화일의 자료 분산(data declustering)특성을 이용하여 병렬화일에 대한 병렬도 개념을 정의하고, 이를 기반으로 여러 병렬화일들이 동시에 처리되는 경우에, 최대의 작업처리량(throughput)을 얻기 위한 각 병렬화일에 적합한 디스크상의 자료 분산 정도를 계산하는 방법을 제안한다. 또한 동시에 처리되는 병렬화일들이 많이 늘어날수록, 최대의 작업처리량을 얻기 위한 계산이 너무 복잡해지므로, 효율적인 근사 디스크 할당 알고리즘도 아울러 제안한다. 제안된 근사 알고리즘은 계산이 간단하고, 특히 입출력 작업부하(workload)가 높은 환경에서는 매우 효율적임을 보여준다. 또한 입출력 요구들의 도착 비율이 무한대일 경우, 근사 알고리즘만을 이용하여도 최대 작업처리량을 위한 최적 디스크 할당을 얻을 수 있음을 증명하였다. In recent years, much attention has been focused on improving I/O devices' processing speed which is essential in such large data processing areas as multimedia data processing. And studies on high-performance parallel file systems are considered to be one of such efforts. In this paper, an efficient disk allocation scheme is proposed for high-performance parallel file systems. In other words, the concept of a parallel disk file's parallelism is defined using data declustering characteristic of a given parallel file. With the concept, an efficient disk allocation scheme is proposed which calculates the appropriate degree of data declustering on disks for each parallel file in order to obtain the maximum throughput when more than one parallel file is used at the same time. Since, calculation for obtaining the maximum throughput is too complex as the number of parallel files increases, an approximate disk allocation algorithm is also proposed in this paper. The approximate algorithm is very simple and especially provides very good results when I/O workload is high. In addition, it has shown that the approximate algorithm provides the optimal disk allocation for the maximum throughput when the arrival rate of I/O requests is infinite.

7 , 12 - Dimethylbenz ( a ) anthracene 과 3 - Methylcholanthrene 에 의한 젖산탈수소효소 수준 및 동위효소 농도 변화에 관한 연구

박기현,김정렬,김정락 ( Ki Hyun Park,Chung Ryul Kim,Jung Rock Khim ) 생화학분자생물학회 1982 BMB Reports Vol.15 No.2

Changes in levels of serum total lactic acid dehydrogenase (LDH) and patterns of its isozyme were studied after a single intraperitoneal injection with polyaromatic hydrocarbons (3-methylcholanthrene, 3-MC, 100 ㎎ and 7,12-dimethylbenz (a) anthracene, DMBA, 20 ㎎) in Sprague-Dawley rats (female, 140-150 g). Serum LDH level of rat on day 5 after chemicals administration was markedly elevated when compared with the control value. Levels of LDH were produced a maximal value about 2 to 3 fold of control on day 15 in both 3-MC and DMBA treatment. There resulted in increase of the heart type subunit(LDH1) of isozyme patterns, which was accompanied by a relative decrease in percent of the muscle type subunit(LDH5). In the case of DMBA treatment, percent of LDH1 after 10 day decreased progressively during the period studied when compared with initial value. Level of rat serum total LDH was characterized by a sharp decrease on day 15 later in both DMBA and 3-MC administration and exhibited close value to control serum on day 20 or day 30. Although there was an increase or decrease in serum LDH level through the period observed, LDHS showed lower percent than in control LDH level over 20 day or 30 day after chemicals treatment increased considerably and was about 2 to 4 fold above controls. Results of this investigation may, therefore, be that both the LDH level and pattern of isozyme exhibited characteristic changes in rat serum served as an useful basis for prognosis in cancer at various stages of development.