솔잎혹파리가 소나무생장에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구 (Ⅱ) - 소나무의 피해 -

박기남,현재선 ( Ki Nam Park,Jai Sun Hyun ) 한국산림과학회 1983 한국산림과학회지 Vol.62 No.1

The effects of the pine needle gall midge, Thecodiplosis japonensis, on the growth of the Korean red pine, Pinus densiflora, were examined for the natural forest stands at nine locations: Seocheon-gun, Boryong-gun, and Hongseong-gun in Chooncheongnam-do, where consequence of the infestation had been different. To estimate the economic threshold level of the pine needle gall midge, the growth impacts due to the insect were examined with terminal shoot growth, and cambial growth by analyzing the growth horizontally and vertically. The results obtained are as follows: 1) In general, the growth impacts of the red pine trees were significant for the five consecutive years since damage had occurred, and its maximum retardation was shown in the second and the third years. 2) Simultaneous retardation occurred in both terminal and cambial growth of the tree, probably due to cumulative characteristics of the feeding behaviour. 3) Strong correlation was found between terminal and cambial growth of Korean red pine and this was true for the trees infested by pine needle gall midge, Thus retardation in cambial growth due to the insect may be estimated with that in terminal growth. 4) Infestation was greater on slope facing north than south even though the history of the infestation had been similar. 5) The stem volume of 13-year-old, infested Korean red pine was reduced by more than 75-85%, compared to same aged, uninfected pine in yield table. Thus, much longer period is required to recover the normal growth.

솔잎혹파리가 소나무생장에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구 (Ⅰ) - 충영형성률의 변동 -

박기남,현재선 ( Ki Nam Park,Jai Sun Hyun ) 한국산림과학회 1983 한국산림과학회지 Vol.61 No.1

Some aspects of the change in the rate of gall formation on the red pine, Pinus densiflora Siebold et Zuccarini, by the pine needle gall midge, Thecodiplosis japonensis Uchida et Inouye, were investigated at the coastal area in Chung Nam-Do from 1977 to 1982, and were analyzed with the nationwide survey data for 2 years from 1980 to 1981. The results obtained were as follows; the gall formation rate in several areas was compared between two consecutive generations. Four regression equations were established, with X as the gall formation rate in N year and Y as that in (N+1) year: 1) Y=11.2+1.15X (r=0.833) for the stands facing north on the phase of insect population increase, 2) Y=14.3+0.82X (r=0.739) for the stands facing south on the phase of population increase, 3) Y=7.3+0.46X (r=0.478) for stands facing north on the phase of population decrease and 4) Y=11.4+0.19X (r=0.086) for stands facing south on the phase of population decrease. After invasion of the pine needle gall midge into a red pine forest, gall formation rate increased for 6 consecutive generations and then decreased to low level within a period of another 6 years.

솔잎혹파리가 소나무생장에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구 (Ⅲ) - 직경생장저해 (直徑生長沮害) -

박기남,현재선 ( Ki Nam Park,Jai Sun Hyun ) 한국산림과학회 1984 한국산림과학회지 Vol.65 No.1

Using the Duff and Noland`s method, the annual ring growth patterns of the red pine in the natural stands were examined at two locations; Seocheon, Chungnam-do where the stand had been infested with the pine needle gall midge, Thecodiplosis japonensis, during the years from 1975 to 1978, and Hongsong, Chungnam-do where had been no incidence of the insect damage. The results obtained are as follows: 1) With the normal red pine of 13 year old, the growth pattern in the oblique sequence indicates that the annual growth rates are maximum at the few terminal internodes, and decrease gradually with the downward internodes. Such characteristic of the growth pattern is not clear in the horizontal sequence of annual rings. 2) The indications of the radial growth reduction of the pine tree due to the pine gall midge infestation could be examined with any of three series at the crown level internodes; horizontal, vertical and oblique series. For the basal internodes, however, the horizontal series appeared to be inadequate for the analysis of the damage impact because it seemed to be masked by various factors other than direct effects of the damage. 3) Of the three ways of radial growth analyses, oblique sequence seems to be the most usefull, especially for the detection of the impact on growth caused by incipient or light infestation.

하천유역의 관속식물에 의한 중금속의 생물학적농축 및 중금속 오염도 평가에 관한 연구 3. 고마리 ( Persicaria thunbergii ) 에 의한 서식처 토양의 Pb , Cu 및 Zn 의 제거

박기남,강경홍,김인성 ( Ki Nam Park,Kyung Hong Kang,In Sung Kim ) 한국환경생물학회 1995 환경생물 : 환경생물학회지 Vol.13 No.2

The biological magnification and the uptake patterns of lead, copper and zinc in Persicaria thunbergii naturally grown at the areas of the rivers were investigated. The biological magnification values of lead, copper and zinc in the plant were 82.4∼254.6㎍g^1, 284.6∼688.4㎍g^1 and 635.5∼1979.4㎍g^1 individually. The tendency of the biological magnification in the each organ of the plant was as follows : Pb an Zn were increased of stem<leaf<root but Cu was leaf<stem<root. The amount of heavy metals in the plant were in the order of Pb<Cu<Zn. The magnification force of heavy metals in the plant were 13.2 times in Pb, 73.2 times in Cu and 58.7 times in Zn to compare with the content of heavy metals in the habitat soil and have a tendency to follow the content of those in the habitat soil but not proportional. In the mixture medium applied heavy metals, Cu induced the Zn depiciency in the plant. Concludly, the P. thunbergii was the excellent plant which removed the heavy metals from the soil and water of the habitat.

계층적 효과모형을 이용한 기업 인터넷 홈페이지 광고의 유효성에 관한 실증적 연구

박기남(Park, Ki-Nam) 한국광고홍보학회 2002 광고연구 Vol.0 No.55

관리직 여성의 사회적 자본과 성별 직무 분리

박기남(Park Ki-Nam) 한국사회학회 2002 韓國社會學 Vol.36 No.6

이 글은 최근에 여성들이 남성들의 전유직종이었던 대기업 관리직으로 점차 진출하면서, 관리직내에 나타나고 있는 성별 직무 분리 현상에 초점을 맞추고 있다. 직무 수행상 직장 내외의 사회적 자본이 중요한 역할을 하는 관리직의 특수성을 반영하면서도, 행위와 구조, 그리고 생산과 재생산 요인을 동시에 고려하기 위한 시도로서 사회적 자본 논의를 토대로 관리직내 성별 직무 분리 현상을 설명하고 있다. 대기업에서 중간 관리직으로 진출한 여성들은 성별에 따른 부서와 담당 업무의 배치 관행에 의해서 지원 부서에서 제한된 영역의 전문적인 지식과 기술이 필요한 업무를 담당하는 스페셜리스트로 육성되고 있다. 반면 남성들은 핵심적인 부서에서 부하의 인사 결정 권한과 조직의 관리 업무를 담당하는 제너럴리스트로 육성되고 있다. 이러한 성별 직무 분리는 수평적인 업무분담이 아니라 의사결정권한의 차이를 가져오는 수직적인 위계의 성격을 띠고 있으며, 여성관리자가 고위직으로 승진하는 데 중요한 장애요인이 되고 있다. 또한 관리직내의 성별 직무 분리 현상이 가정내 여성의 역할부담과도 일정한 관련을 맺고 있음을 여성관리자의 사회적 자본의 특성을 통해서 확인할 수 있다. 남성관리자와 비교해 볼 때 여성관리자들은 상대적으로 사회적 자본을 확대해 나가기 힘든 구조적 조건 속에서 관리자로 살아남기 위한 생존 전략으로 사회적 자본이 덜 요구되는 특정 직무 영역에 스스로를 한정시키면서 관리직내 성별 직무 분리를 구조화해 나가고 있다. This study focuses on the gender related job segregation in managerial jobs in big corporations. Managerial jobs tend to be divided into two departments by gender in big corporations. Some are male-centered departments which are located at the center of the ‘line’ organization such as general affairs management or at the ‘linkages’ among various kinds of corporate networks. The others are female-centered departments that are remote from organization management or resource distribution functions. The division of jobs among managerial workers is hierarchically structured by gender. The influence of managerial women in decision-making areas is weaker than those of men. This study approaches gendered job segregation by considering the following factors : work and family, choices by individual actors, and structural constraint. It examines how women’s condition in the spheres of production and reproduction reinforces each other to construct gender related job segregation in Korean workplaces. In order to do this, social capital was used as a prime indicator. The construction and management of social capital, both inside and outside of organizations, play an important role in job performance of Korean managers. I confirmed women managers tend to specialize in jobs with low requirement for social capital.

[일반논문] 지역 여성의 현실과 성평등의식 - 춘천시 동지역을 중심으로

박기남(Park Ki-Nam) 비판사회학회 2004 경제와 사회 Vol.- No.63

본 연구는 지역에서 성평등의식 수준과 성평등 관련 법, 제도의 현실이 괴리되고 있는 원인을 탐색하기 위한 지역 사례연구로서, 춘천지역 여성의 현실과 성평등의식 수준이 어느 정도인지 남성들과 비교하여 분석하고 있다. 춘천시 동지역의 남녀 시민 568명에 대한 설문조사 결과에 의하면, 여성은 가정과 교육, 직장, 그리고 사회문화 영역에서 남성과 일정한 격차를 유지하며 더 높은 성평등의식을 갖고 있었다. 그러나 춘천지역 여성의 현실은 네 영역 모두에서 권한과 지위 등 모든 면에서 더 낮거나 차별적인 대우를 받고 있었다. 성평등의식에 영향을 미치는 요인들을 보면, 여성보다는 남성이, 종교모임에 참여하는 사람들이, 그리고 하루 평균 TV 시청시간이 긴 사람들의 성평등의식이 낮게 나타난 반면, 교육 수준이 높을수록 성평등의식이 높았다. 특히 성 변수의 영향력이 큰데, 남성의 성평등의식에 중요한 영향을 미치는 변수들은 신문구독일수와 TV 시청시간으로 나타나서, 앞으로 중앙이나 지역 언론의 역할이 지역 사회, 그리고 한국사회의 성평등 문화 확산에 중요하게 부각되어야 할 것이다. 여성의 성평등의식에는 연령과 교육이 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타나서, 교육과 연령이 남성들의 성평등의식과 아무런 상관관계를 보이지 않는 결과와 대조를 이루고 있다. Egalitarian awareness in a society plays a potentially significant role on the conception and execution of local welfare, women, labor, and family polices This study tries to find major factors influencing gender gap and egalitarian awareness among residents in Chuncheon City. Based on the analysis of 568 questionnaires, we could identify significant awareness gap between male and female in the domains of family, education, work, and social-cultural spheres<br/> Among the factors, males, religiously active people, and longer TV watchers scored less to their egalitarian awareness Education made a meaningful contribution in scoring up egalitarian awareness In case of males, newspaper reading and TV watching was significant factors in their impacts on egalitarian awareness The role of media environments may have to be regarded very important in spreading egalitarian awareness Age and education contributed much in their impacts on egalitarian awareness of females. In contrast to that, those factors did not make any correlations with egalitarian awareness of males

우심실에 발생한 Synovial Sarcoma 1 예

박기남(Ki Nam Park),곽병수(Byeng Su Kwak),강승식(Seong Sik Kang),최시완(Si Wan Choi),최용석(Yong Suk Choi),김백수(Baeg Su Kim),전은석(Eun Seok Jeon),박종훈(Chong Hun Park),김응중(Eung Joong Kim),이영(Young Lee),조문준(Moon June Cho) 대한내과학회 1994 대한내과학회지 Vol.47 No.2

About twenty-five percent of primary heart tumors are malignant. We experienced a case of synovial sarcoma. A 48-year-old man was admitted to CNUH with Dyspnea on exertion and chest pain. Preoperative diagnosis of the cardiac tumor was made on the basis of 2-dimensional echocardiography. A cardiac synovial sarcoma was resected unsuccessfully, Pathologic diagnosis was synovial sarcoma. The patient was recommended to have combined multimodality treatment including postoperative chemotherapy regimen and Radiotherapy. He was dead 12 months after resection because of heart failure.

신경망을 이용한 한국어 다음절 단어재인모델

박기남(Ki-Nam Park),임희석(Heui-Seok Lim) 한국멀티미디어학회 2005 한국멀티미디어학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2005 No.1

윤리적 디자인 소비 경험에 관한 질적 연구

박기남(Park, Ki Nam),변상태(Byun, Sang Tea) 한국전시산업융합연구원 2017 한국과학예술융합학회 Vol.28 No.-

본 연구의 목적은 윤리적 디자인에 대한 소비자의 공감요인과 소비경험을 분석하고, 소비경험을 통해 가치추구에 이르는 작용을 설명하고자 한다. 이를 위해 윤리적 디자인 소비 경험이 있는 연구참여자 10명을 대상으로 심층면접을 진행하였고, 수집된 자료의 분석은 개인의 행동, 신념, 태도에 대한 심층적인 조사를 통해 실체를 탐구하고 현상을 이론적으로 설명하는데 용이하다고 판단되는 근거이론을 적용하였다. 그 결과 112개의 개념, 24개의 하위범주, 13개의 범주 및 패러다임 모형을 도출하였다. 핵심범주는 ‘윤리적 디자인의 공감과 소비를 통해 가치를 추구하기’로 밝혀졌다. 윤리적 디자인의 소비경험은 참여자들마다 각기 다른 가치로 나타났다. 윤리적 디자인 소비에 대한 중심현상은 이타적 공감과 개인적 공감으로 표현되었으며, 중심현상을 발생하게 하는 맥락적 조건으로는 제품에 대한 효과성을 지각한 주변인의 권유와 정보의 탐색으로 나타났고, 윤리적 디자인의 공감은 적극적 소비, 선택적 소비, 불매의 형태로 작용하였다. 이를 중재하는 요소는 인지적 장애요인과 물리적 장애요인으로 도출되었다. 윤리적 디자인의 공감은 소비 실천으로 연결되어 지속적인 소비행동과 적극적인 홍보활동을 하는 것으로 나타났다. 참여자들의 윤리적 디자인에 대한 소비경험은 공감단계, 소비단계, 작용단계의 과정으로 나타났으며, 윤리적 디자인에 대한 공감과 소비경험을 통해 참여자가 작용하는 과정과 현상을 설명하였다. 본 연구는 윤리적 디자인 소비 경험에 대한 탐색적 연구로 그 의의가 있으며, 윤리적인 디자인의 개발을 위한 전략과 소비 활성화에 도움이 되기를 기대한다. This study aims to analyse the sympathy factors and consumption experiences for ethical designs. And then, it tries to how ethical designs influence into value pursuit based on consumption experiences. For its purposes, this study proceeded in-depth interviews with 10 participants, who have consumption experiences for ethical designs. The collected data were analysed by the ground theory, which was helpful for exploring substances of individual behaviors, beliefs, and attitudes. As its results, 112 concepts, 24 sub-categories, and 13 paradigm models were proposed. The major concept was defined as the value pursuit by the sympathy and consumption for ethical designs. The participants had all different consumption experiences for ethical designs. The main phenomena of ethical designs were figured out altruistic and individual sympathy. Ethic design consumptions were possible based on recommendations of other people and proper information. The sympathy for ethical designs included positive consumptions, selective consumptions, and boycotts. The sympathy for ethical designs was connected to consumption implements, and it made sustainable consumption and positive promotion possible. The consumption experiences of the participants were developed sympathy, consumption, and influence step. They were able to explain how sympathy and consumption experiences influenced for ethical designs. This study will be a significant base for developing ethical designs, and invigorate ethical consumptions.