한국의 공손한 언동의 작동 양상: 문학 작품에 나타난 언중들의 공손에 대한 인식을 바탕으로

김태나 한국인적자원관리학회 2016 인적자원관리연구 Vol.23 No.3

This paper aimed to discuss the operative aspects of politeness from two perspectives (i.e., social duty and intentional strategy) by examining the Korean public perceptions presented within the Korean literature texts. As the Korean social duties for politeness presuppose the recognition of status, the speech and behaviors of superiors and inferiors are distinct and fixed. Thus, the truth is concealed to respect superiors’ status while inferiors are forced to do self-depreciation. In addition, speech and behavior for solidarity and fellowship are considered as ones that inferiors dare not perform to superiors, and instead are replaced by obedience and permission to superiors. The intentional strategies of inferiors to superiors for individual profits run outwardly in parallel with polite behaviors performing social duties. However, when they do not bring any profits, the polite speech and behavior disappears, thus bringing about relative betrayal. On the other hand, the intentional politeness of superiors to inferiors is marked in Korea. It is performed to trade profits with each other and recognized according to a hearer’s subjective perspective and emotion. In this way, Korean politeness in terms of the social norms operates in the boundary between harmony and betrayal.

한국어 발화에서의 무례(無禮) 연구 - 무례 유형과 서양의 무례(Impoliteness) 유형 비교 -

김태나 국제한국어교육학회 2011 한국어 교육 Vol.22 No.3

The aims of this article are to reveal the types of murye appearing in Korean speech act(especially in the situational and relational conditions of Korean novels and essays), to compare the types of murye and impoliteness strategies(cf. Brown and Levinson 1987, Culpeper 1996, 2003 and Bousfield 2008) and to help the leaners of Korean language maintain social relationships and lead successful communication. In Korea society, murye is provided the words and behaviors which are against socially adopted norms - authorization(permissions) of relations, needs, competence, space and accord between words and actions. Impoliteness analogizes with murye but with the different social norms and relational works, it puts basic wants before the social norms and has something to do with the intention of speaker. Therefore as difference, there are not discordance between one's words and actions, refusal of fellowship, self-praise in impoliteness strategies and as in common of murye and impoliteness, there are non-consideration for others' needs and invasion of others' region.

무례/불손의 회피 방법을 활용한 교수 방안 - 수직적 관계를 중심으로 -

김태나 한국언어문화교육학회 2014 언어와 문화 Vol.10 No.2

This paper aims at seeking the teaching scheme to avoid Murye/Bulson between the vertical relations in cultural(collectivism and authoritarianism) and lingual aspects. Firstly, cultural recognition strategies present as follows: don’t be disconcerted by personal questions/parsimony of salutation/coercion of participation in congratulation·condolences/admonition and interference of seniors, recognize various criterions of relations, don’t emphasize one’s need and don’t attack the authority of seniors. Secondly, the lingual use recognition devices present as follows: recognition and judgement of Murye/Bulson speech acts considered as inherent face threat acts/of relational criterions, of illocutionary force in conformity with beneficial way of conversation. Lastly, it is suggested, the teaching scheme based on the determinated causes of Murye/Bulson.

한국의 공손한 언동의 작동 양상: 문학 작품에 나타난 언중들의 공손에 대한 인식을 바탕으로

김태나 한국외국어교육학회 2016 Foreign languages education Vol.23 No.3

This paper aimed to discuss the operative aspects of politeness from two perspectives (i.e., social duty and intentional strategy) by examining the Korean public perceptions presented within the Korean literature texts. As the Korean social duties for politeness presuppose the recognition of status, the speech and behaviors of superiors and inferiors are distinct and fixed. Thus, the truth is concealed to respect superiors’ status while inferiors are forced to do self-depreciation. In addition, speech and behavior for solidarity and fellowship are considered as ones that inferiors dare not perform to superiors, and instead are replaced by obedience and permission to superiors. The intentional strategies of inferiors to superiors for individual profits run outwardly in parallel with polite behaviors performing social duties. However, when they do not bring any profits, the polite speech and behavior disappears, thus bringing about relative betrayal. On the other hand, the intentional politeness of superiors to inferiors is marked in Korea. It is performed to trade profits with each other and recognized according to a hearer’s subjective perspective and emotion. In this way, Korean politeness in terms of the social norms operates in the boundary between harmony and betrayal.

한국어에서의 불손 실현: Leech(1983, 2002)의 불손 격률

김태나 한국언어문화교육학회 2011 언어와 문화 Vol.7 No.1

This aim of article is to evaluate whether Leech(1983, 2002)'s maxims of impoliteness, 'maximize the expression of impolite belief, minimize the expression of polite belief' as opposed to the maxims of politeness, are available to realize the impoliteness in terms of korean language(especially, korean drama). Leech's theory of politeness encompasses the potential of impoliteness: the asymmetries of self/other, marginal territories, reverse effect of indirectness. But through the limitations of linguistic strategy in the level of utterances, Leech can not deal with sincere intentions of speaker to be polite and illuminate sufficiently the dynamics of human communicative interaction. In Korea, parameters of age and affection work to offset the effect of it and draw a flow of conversation. As a mechanism to study impoliteness in korean language, it is supposed to considerate impolite intention(intention of preposition and attitude), social and situational relations of interactants, and response of hearer through recognition of them.

문학 텍스트에서의 무례 및 불손에 대한 반응 연구

김태나 순천향대학교 인문과학연구소 2012 순천향 인문과학논총 Vol.31 No.3

임펄라이트니스의 반응전략에 대한 연구는 발화차원에서 ‘개인적 욕구에 따른 체면’을 중심으로, 상대방의 체면을 공격하거나 자신의 체면을 방어하기 위해서만 산출되고 이러한 체면의 양을 구분 짓는 ‘사회적 지위’의 기준으로 인해 힘이 약 한 자가 힘이 강한 자에게 보이는 방어전략(체면 보호)으로 한정된다. 그러나 임펄라이트니스와 달리, 한국의 무례 및 불손은 개인적 체면뿐만 아니 라 사회적 역할 및 의무에 따른 사회적 체면 또한 이를 판단하는 그 기준이 되고 관계적 작용이 사회적 지위를 비롯하여 나이, 항렬, 신분, 학번, 성별 등과 같은 서양과 다른 관계 기준이 존재하기 때문에 그 반응을 개인적 체면과 방어의 두 가지 양상으로 한정하여 나타낼 수 없다. 따라서 한국어에서의 무례 및 불손에 대한 반응은 사회적 규준과 관련된 관계 적 작용(윗사람에서의 아랫사람, 아랫사람에서의 윗사람, 수평적 관계)과 상황적 작용으로 인해 한국의 사회⋅문화적 특수성을 반영한다.

Diversity and Physiological Properties of Root Endophytic Actinobacteria in Native Herbaceous Plants of Korea

김태의,조성흔,한지혜,신영민,이향범,김승범 한국미생물학회 2012 The journal of microbiology Vol.50 No.1

Endophytic actinobacterial diversity in the native herbaceous plant species of Korea was analyzed using a culturebased approach. Sixty one actinobacterial strains were isolated, and assigned to 15 genera based on 16S rRNA gene analysis. The members of the genus Streptomyces comprised 45.9% of the total isolates, followed by Micromonospora (18.8%), Rhodococcus (6.6%), Microbispora (4.9%), and Micrococcus (4.9%). Other minor constituents included members of Microbacterium, Streptacidiphilus, Arthrobacter, Dietzia, Kitasatospora, Herbiconiux, Mycobacterium, Nocardia,Rathayibacter, and Tsukamurella. Among the isolates, 65.6% exhibited at least one hydrolytic enzyme activity out of four, and 45.9% exhibited antagonistic activity against at least one fungal pathogen out of five, thus demonstrating that endophytic actinobacteria can be an important source of bioactive compounds. Notably, most strains of Streptomyces proved active for both enzymatic and antagonistic activities.

Anesthetic management of a patient with Arnold-Chiari malformation type I with associated syringomyelia -A case report-

김태요,이철,Ji-Na Kim 대한마취통증의학회 2012 Anesthesia and pain medicine Vol.7 No.2

Arnold-Chiari malformation type I (ACM I) is anatomically defined as the displacement of the cerebellar tonsils below the level of the foramen magnum. Syringomyelia is a condition in which a cavity called a syrinx develops in the spinal cord and is filled with cerebrospinal fluid. Here we report the anesthetic management of a case of ACM I with associated syringomyelia scheduled for suboccipital craniectomy, cervical laminectomy and duraplasty.

문학의 향기 : 창(窓)

김태 대한지방행정공제회 2010 地方行政 Vol.59 No.676

분과 보고회

김태임 한일합동교육연구회 2006 한일교육연구 Vol.- No.-