자궁경부암 환자의 근접치료시 재현성 평가

김종화,손정혜,정칠,김미화,Kim Jong-Hwa,Son Jung-Hae,Jung Chil,Kim Mi-Hwa 대한방사선치료학회 2003 大韓放射線治療技術學會誌 Vol.15 No.1

I. 목적 외부방사선 치료와 같이 근접치료 시에도 재현성을 평가하기 위해 bone의 위치와 tandem, ovoid 간의 거리를 측정하여 치료 setting의 재현성을 평가함으로써 자궁경부암 환자의 근접치료시 치료의 재현성을 평가하고자 하였다. II. 대상 및 방법 1999년부터 2001년 10월까지 본원을 내원해서 근접치료를 시행한 자궁경부암 환자중 tandem, ovoid을 사용한 52명을 대상으로 근접치료시 촬영한 film(환자1명당 3회촬영)을 가지고 측정하였다. Os을 기준으로 환자의 center축을 잡고 tandem, ovoid의 위치와 pubic symphysis, sacrum, coccyx등과의 거리를 각각 측정하여 치료 setting의 재현성을 평가하였다. III. 결과 환자 52명에 대한 tandem, ovoid의 위치와 pubic symphysis, sacrum, coccyx등과의 거리에 대한 표준 편차 결과는 다음과 같은 분포로 나타났다. 1) 각 tandem angle 의 표준편차는 $0^{\circ}{\sim}2.89^{\circ}$이다. 2) pubic symphysis에서 Os까지의 높이는 $0cm{\sim}0.79cm$ 3) sacrum에서 tandem tip까지의 거리는 $0cm{\sim}0.9cm$ 4) Os level에서 coccyx까지의 거리는 $0.06cm{\sim}0.76cm$ 5) ovoid tip에서 Os까지의 거리는 오른쪽은 $0cm{\sim}0.53cm$ 6) ovoid tip에서 Os까지의 거리는 왼쪽은 $0cm{\sim}0.45cm$ 7) 첫번째 source위치에서 ovoid사이의 거리는 $0cm{\sim}0.36cm$ 8) tandem에서 ovoid tip까지의 거리는 $0cm{\sim}0.31cm$ IV. 결론 자궁경부암 치료에 있어 근접치료는 중요한 치료 방법이다. 환자 치료간에 재현성을 평가해본 결과 대체로 만족 할 만한 수치를 보였으며 고선량율 근접치료에서 재현성 평가는 중요할 것이고 계속적으로 평가할 필요가 있을 것이다. I. Purpose Brachytherapy is the main component in treatment of patients with uterine cervical cancer. The reproducibility of applicator position in the same patient at repeated treatments was very important for accurate dose delivery. It was aimed to evaluate the change of applicator location between each high dose rate(HDR) brachytherapy insertion in the patients with uterine cervical cancer. II. Materials and Methods From January 1999 to October 2001, total 52 patients were treated with external beam radiotherapy and HDR brachytherapy (Microselectron, Nucletron). During six to seven times of brachytherapy, all patients had three treatment plans. From the orthogonal radiographs, we measured the following variables; height from upper border of pubic bone to os (HPO), distance from sacral promontory to tip of tandem (DST), distance from coccyx to os (DCO), distance from tip of right ovoid to os (DRO), distance from tip of left ovoid to os (DLO), and distance from center of the first tandem source to ovoid (DTO). To evaluate the reproducibility of applicator position, it was calculated the standard deviation of differences between three insertions for the 7 parameters in each patient. III. Results The ranges of standard deviations of interfractional differences for the variables were as follows. 1)HPO : $0{\sim}0.79cm$ 2)DST : $0{\sim}0.9cm$ 3)DCO : $0.06{\sim}0.76cm$ 4)DRO : $0{\sim}0.53cm$ 5)DLO : $0{\sim}0.45cm$ 6) DTO $0{\sim}0.36cm$ IV. Conclusions There was some change in applicator position on repeated implants in our study. But variation of the interfractional differences was minimal; in all parameters, there were less than 1 cm. We are continued to try for reducing the geometric variation between each procedure.

과배란유도 월경주기에서 혈중 Estradiol Andrstenedione 및 Testerone농도의 동태에 관한 연구

김종화,이진용,Kim, Jong-Hwa,Lee, Jin-Yong 대한생식의학회 1986 Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine Vol.13 No.2

It is now common practice to attempt ovarian hyperstimulation in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) to promote the development of multiple preovulatory follicles and to maximize the number of mature egg available. There are several drugs for hyperstimulation such as clomiphene citrate only, clomiphene citrate and human menopausal gonadotropin (HMG) and HMG only. Accumlated experience has shown that the hyperstimulation of the ovary in IVF-ET results in high pregnancy rate. But the hyperstimulation of the ovary in IVF-ET may cause the hyperandrogenism, so we must consider the adverse effect on pregnancy rate of the hyperandrogenism. Little is known about the functional significance of androgen for the follicular growth, however, the hyperandrogenism might interfere with oocyte maturation. The aim of the present investigation was to determine the serum profiles of estradiol, androstenedione and testosterone during the hyperstimulated menstrual cycles in IVF. The results were summarized as follows: 1. There was a gradual increase in the mean levels of serum estradiol, androstenedione, and testosterone approaching follicular maturation. 2. The mean serum estradiol levels in the hyperstimulated groups were significantly higher than that in the control group in late follicular phase and ovum retrieval (ovulation) day (p<0.01). 3. The mean serum androstenedione levels in the clomiphene citrate groups were significantly higher than that in the control group in late follicular phase (p<0.01). There was no statistically significant different in the mean serum androstenedione levels between the control group and the HMG group (p>0.05). 4. There was no statistically significant difference in the mean levels of testosterone among each group (p>0.05). 5. There was no statistically significant different in the mean levels of estradiol, androstenedione and testosterone between the fertilized patients and non-fertilized patients in clomiphene citrate and HMG group (p>0.05).

Three ${\beta}$-N-Acetyl-D-glucosaminidase from Human Semen : Their Purifications and Properties

김종화,양철학,Kim, Jong-Hwa,Yang, Chul-Hak 생화학분자생물학회 1982 한국생화학회지 Vol.15 No.4

하나의 A형태와 두개의 B형태의 ${\beta}$-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminidase가 사람의 정액으로부터 분리되었다. 사람의 seminal plasma를 희석시킨 다음 $(NH_4)_2SO_4$로 분획 분리시켰다. DEAE-cellulose column으로부터 ${\beta}$-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminidase B는 완충 용액만으로 용출되어졌으며 $A_1$과 $A_2$는 각각 0.1M NaCl과 0.25M NaCl에서 용출되어졌다. 각 효소는 P11 cellulose phosphate와 Sephadex G-200 크로마토그래피법에 의하여 더욱 정제되어졌다. 고순도로 정제된 ${\beta}$-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminidase B는 pH 8.3의 disc gel electrophoresis에서 하나의 단백질 띠로 나타나는 반면, $A_1$과 $B_2$는 하나의 주된 띠와 다른 하나의 가는 띠로 나타났다. 이 세효소는 모두 pH 4.5에 서 가장 높은 활성도를 나타내고 있으며 온도에 대한 가장 높은 활성도는 B 형태가 $50-54^{\circ}C$에서 나타났고 $A_1$과 $A_2$ $43^{\circ}-47^{\circ}C$에서 나타났다. 세 효소는 기질로서 p-nitrophenyl-${\beta}$-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminide를 사용하였을 때 모두 Km값이 1.33 mM로 동일하였다. Sulfite와 acetate 및 N-acetyl-D-glucosamine은 세 효소의 활동도를 모두 방해하였으며 특히 N-acetyl-D-glucosarnine은 ${\beta}$-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminidase들을 경쟁적으로 방해하였으며 Dixon의 그래프법에 의하여 KI값을 구한 결과 B형태는 1.64 mM이었고 A형태는 1.96 mM이었다. 베타-엔-아세틸-디-글루코 사미니다아제의 분자량은 젤 여과법에 의하여 구한 결과 170,000이었다. DEAEcellulose column용출액 중에서의 ${\beta}$-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminidase B는 $60^{\circ}C$에서 4시간 반응한 후에도 70%의 활성도를 유지하였으나 $A_1$과 $A_2$형태의 효소는 대단히 불안정하였다. 그러나 고순도로 정제된 세 효소는 모두 $60^{\circ}C$에서 30분이내에 완전히 활성도를 잃었다. Three ${\beta}$-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminidase (E.C. 3.2.1.30) of one B form and two A forms were isolated from human semen. The enzyme from human seminal plasma was fractionated by $(NH_4)_2SO_4$. By DEAE-cellulose chromatography, ${\beta}$-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminidase B was eluted with buffer alone and $A_1$ form and $A_2$ form of ${\beta}$-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminidase were eluted with 0.1 M NaCl and 0.25 M NaCl respectively. Each enzyme was further purified by P11 cellulose phosphate and Sephadex G-200 chromatography. The highly purified ${\beta}$-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminidase B showed one major protein band and $A_1$ form and $A_2$ form showed one major and one minor bands on disc gel electrophoresis at pH 8.3. Three of the enzyme had maximum activities at pH 4.5, but the temperature optimum was $50-54^{\circ}C$ for B, $43-47^{\circ}C$ for $A_1$ and $A_2$. The three enzymes had identical Km values of 1.33mM with p-nitrophenyl-${\beta}$-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminide as substrate. Sulfite, acetate and ${\beta}$-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminidase the ${\beta}$-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminidase B, $A_1$ and $A_2$ activities. N-acetyl-n-glucosmine inhibited ${\beta}$-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminidase competitively and the $K_I$ values were 1.64 mM for ${\beta}$-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminidase B and 1.96 mM for ${\beta}$-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminidase A by Dixon plot. The molecular weight of human semen ${\beta}$-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminidase was 170,000 by gel filtration. The DEAE-cellulose fractions which showed ${\beta}$-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminidase B activity retained 70% of its activity at $60^{\circ}C$ for 4 hrs, whereas $A_1$ and $A_2$ were heatlabile. However incubation at $60^{\circ}C$ for 30 min completely inactivated the three purified enzymes.

방공훈련용 FQM-117A

김종화,Kim, Jong-Hwa 한국방위산업진흥회 1982 國防과 技術 Vol.- No.38

소음성 청력손실이 혈압에 미치는 영향에 관한 조사연구

김종화,이충렬,Kim, Jong-Hwa,Lee, Choong-Ryeol 대한예방의학회 1987 예방의학회지 Vol.20 No.2

For the purpose of evaluating the effect of noise induced hearing loss on the blood pressure, a cross-sectional study was conducted in 481 manufacturing industrial workers in Pusan area consisted of 275 workers from noisier plant (over 90 dB(A), high exposed group) and 206 workers from less noisy plant (below 85 dB(A), low exposed group) from April to Decepmber in 1985. The summarized results were as follows; 1) The degree of hearing loss according to the audible frequency was most notable in 4,000 Hz. 2) The prevalence of hypertension was 14.8% in total examined subjects. And also in 40 dB(A) hearing lost workers, there was no significant difference between high exposed group as 15.5% and low exposed group as 15.8%. 3) In 3 models analyzed by multiple regression technique to obtain the complexed extents of risk factors related to the diastolic blood pressure, especially model III which contain age, body mass index, smoking, alcohol and family history of hypertension, duration of work, noise exposure level and degree of hearing loss in high exposed group was most remarkable compared to the others. 4) The most potential predictor related to the diastolic pressure in high exposed group was the degree of hearing loss. And the next were body mass index, familial history of hypertension and age in order. But in the case of low exposed group, the potential predictors were body mass index, age and familial history of hypertension.

금년도 출판시장 '대체로 맑음' 예상

김종화,Kim, Jong-Hwa 대한출판문화협회 2006 출판저널 Vol.362 No.-

생활과학-암의 세계

김종화,Kim, Jong-Hwa 한국과학기술단체총연합회 1981 과학과 기술 Vol.14 No.11

Custom Abutment의 Emergence Profile을 결정하는 방법에 관하여

김종화,Kim, Jong-Hwa 대한심미치과학회 2012 Journal of the Korean Academy of Esthetic Dentistr Vol.21 No.1

Anti - Tac 항체의 L chain 유전자 재배열

김종화,이병룡,김학주,변시명 ( Jong Hwa Kim,Byeong Ryong Lee,Hack Joo Kim,Si Myung Byun ) 생화학분자생물학회 1987 BMB Reports Vol.20 No.3

A high molecular weight DNA from a hybridoma cell, Hd-2-4-5, producing anti-tac antibody was digested to completion with BamHI restriction endonuclease. The resulting DNA fragments were fractionated according to the size in 1% preparative agarose gel electrophoresis. After ligation of the fragment with modified Charon 28 and packaging in vitro, DNA fragments carrying the gene sequences coding for the varibable region of light chains were detected by hybridization with mouse J_k fragment labeled with ^(32)P. We have cloned the κ-sequence positive BamHI DNA fragments and characterized the cloned sequences by comparing with mouse embryonic light chain. On the basis of the results, it was concluded that the cloned light chain gene underwent somatic rearrangement. The J₁-J₂ cluster was deleted and the region was directly linked to remaining J cluster by V-J recombination.

소아 단백뇨 검사에 있어서 요비중의 유용성

김종화,유기환,홍영숙,이주원,김순겸,Kim, Jong-Hwa,Yoo, Kee-Hwan,Hong, Young-Sook,Lee, Joo-Won,Kim, Soon-Kyum 대한소아신장학회 2000 Childhood kidney diseases Vol.4 No.1

목 적 : 24시간 소변내 단백량을 예측하는데 있어 spot urine의 단백은 소변량에 따른 보정이 필요하여 spot urine의 protein/creatinine(P/Cr)비를 이용하여왔다. 하지만 크레아티닌 측정에 많은 시간과 비용이 소모되는 단점이 있고, 비중(specific gravity; SG)을 이용하여 creatinine(estimated creatinine; Cr-est)을 산출할 수 있다는 보고가 있어, 24시간 소변내 단백량을 예측하는데 P/Cr-est비의 유용성을 알아보고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방 법 : 1998년 3월부터 6월까지 고려대학교 의료원 구로병원 소아과에 내원한 환아 147명을 대상으로 spot urine에서 단백, creatinine과 비중을 측정하여 creatinine과 비중의 상관관계 및 그 관계식을 구하고 24시간 소변내 단백량과 비교하였다. 결 과 : 1) spot urine의 creatinine과 비중은 통계적으로 의의 있는 상관관계를 보였다(R=0.407, P<0.001, Cr=SG. x 4485.82-4482.87). 2) 24시간 소변내 단백량은 P/Cr비와 통계적으로 의의 있는 상관관계를 보였다(R=0.771, P<0.001, 24시간뇨중 단백=0.338 x (P/Cr) +667.885). 3) 24시간 소변내 단백 량은 P/Cr-est 비와 통계적으로 의의 있는 상관관계를 보였다. (R=0.723, P<0.001, 24시간뇨중 단백=0.354 x (P/Cr-est) +726.044) 결 론 : 소아단백뇨를 예측하는데 있어 spot urine의 비중으로 산출한 creatinine치를 이용하여 얻어진 P/Cr-est비가 선별검사로서 유용하게 사용될 수 있으리라 생각된다. Purpose: The plcr of spot urine has been uised to predict the timed urine protein excretion. Although this method reduces errors caused by variations in urine volume, it is relatively thconvenient and expensive. Recently, a more rapid and less expensive screening method with specific gravity(SG) has been reported, and we have examined whether estimated-creatinine(Cr-est) with urine 5G could be used in place of urine creatinine to predict 24-hour collected urine protein excretion in children. Methods: We had retrospectively analyzed protein, creatinine and urine SG in randomized spot urine samples of 147 patients from March 1998 till June 1998 in Korea university Guro hospital and compared the urinary protein creatinine ratio(P/Cr) with the protein estimated-creatinine ratio(P/Cr-est). We compared the correlation of urinary creatinine vs-urine 5G with the timed urine pretein excretion. Results: 1) urine SG accurately estimated urine creatinine concentration (r=0.407, P<0.001, Cr=SG x 4485.82-4482.87). 2) P/Cr correlated with urine protein excretion measured in a 24-hour urine collection (r=0.771, P<0.001, 24-hour collected urine protein : 0.338 x (P/Cr) 4+667.885). 3) P/Cr-est correlated with a 24-hour collected urine protein (r=0.723, P<0.001, 24-hour collected urine protein =0.354 x (P/Cr-est)+726.044), Conclusions: These results suggest that P/Cr-est with urine SG could be useful method for screening proteinuria in children.