순환주제에 의한 작곡전공 교수활동 수업사례물 분석: 김용환의 “Moving Figures”를 중심으로

김영국 ( Young Guk Kim ) 한국예술교육학회 2015 예술교육연구 Vol.13 No.1

본 논문의 목적은 대학교에서 작곡전공으로 교수활동을 하고 있는 본 연구자의 수업사례물이며, 본 연구자의 학생 김용환의 학습결과물인 ‘Moving Figures’를 순환주제(cyclic theme) 중심으로 분석하는 데 있다. 이를 위해 본 연구자는 이 작품의 각 부분에서 나타나는 독립적이며 개별적인 특징을 분석하였고, 전체의 곡을 하나로 묶어주는 수단으로써 작용한 순환주제에 관해 중점적으로 분석하였다. 이로써 대학 작곡전공학생의 수업, 특히 교수과정의 내용학 측면에서 도움을 주고자 한다. 본 논문의 주제어인 ‘순환주제’는 15세기의 정선율 미사, 16세기의 패러디 미사와 같은 작품에서 출발한 음악적 아이디어인데, 고전·낭만시대의 작곡가들이 소나타 형식과 같은 다악장의 악곡에서 하나 이상의 주제가 제 1악장뿐만 아니라 다른 악장에도 나타나게 하여 음악적 아이디어를 형식적인 틀 안에 가두기 위한 방법으로서도 이용되었다. 김용환의 ‘Moving Figures’는 이러한 고전적인 형식에서 아이디어를 빌려와 현대적으로 변용시켰다. 즉 고전적인 의미의 순환주제와는 다르게 <도입부-A-B-C-A``-coda>의 총 6개 부분으로 구성된 단악장 형식 내에서 순환주제의 변용, 발전을 모색했기에 고전적 의미로써의 순환주제 개념과는 상이하며 조금 더 진보된 양상을 띤다. The subject of this thesis is a case of the present class researchers and teaching activities studied composition at the university, and analyze the historical background and cyclic form in ``Moving Figures`` of Yong-hwan Kim, (1988~ ) my student. The purpose of this thesis is to study the structure with cyclic form, harmony and study elements such as timbre on Yong-Hwan Kim‘s ’Moving Figures`` appear in each part of an independent study is to focus on the subject appears as a means of circulation that bind specifically to one picece of the total and individual characteristics. Thus, the university student majoring in composition classes, and helping in the details, particularly on aspects of teaching process. Originally cyclic form is the musical ideas from works such as the cantus firmus mass, in the 16th century parody mass of the 15th century. Composers of the classical era composer and romantic era, were used also as a way of putting a musical ideas first movement to appear in more than one subject, as well as other movements in the same piece of music in the form of a multi-movement sonata form and framework. But ``Moving Figures`` is unlike the original meaning of cyclic form, <introduction-A-B-C-A``-coda> consists of a total of six section of, and since the transformation, the development of the cyclic form is made only in the movement type, and cyclic form as a classical concept with a different sense, may be seen to have a little more advanced aspects. The musical structure used in contemporary music appears dissolved and established patterns, but ``Moving Figures`` is borrowing ideas from the classical form and transformation into comtemporary is thought to be the work that needs to be thoroughly studied. and also can be considered in analysis for contemporary musical composition trends with music educational aspects.

켑스트럼 기반의 후두암 감별을 위한 채널보상

김영국,김수미,김형순,왕수건,조철우,양병곤,Kim Young Kuk,Kim Su Mi,Kim Hyung Soon,Wang Soo-Geun,Jo Cheol-Woo,Yang Byung-Gon 대한음성학회 2004 말소리 Vol.50 No.-

Automatic detection of laryngeal diseases by voice is attractive because of its non-intrusive nature. Cepstrum based approach to detect laryngeal cancer shows reliable performance even when the periodicity of voice signals is severely lost, but it has a drawback that it is not robust to channel mismatch due to different microphone characteristics. In this paper, to deal with mismatched training and test microphone conditions, we investigate channel compensation techniques such as Cepstral Mean Subtraction (CMS) and Pole Filtered CMS (PFCMS). According to our experiments, PFCMS yields better performance than CMS. By using PFCMS, we obtained 12% and 40% error reduction over baseline and CMS, respectively.

화학적으로 변형된 전구용액을 이용한 YBCO 박막 제조

김영국,유재무,정국채,고재웅,김영준,한봉수,Kim, Y.K.,Yoo, J.M.,Chung, K.C.,Ko, J.W.,Kim, Y.J.,Han, B.S. 한국초전도학회 2006 Progress in superconductivity Vol.7 No.2

Superconducting YBCO films were successfully fabricated by MOD process using chemically modified precursor solution. In this study, a chemically modified precursor solution for MOD processing was synthesized using metal-organic salts and organic additives. It was shown that crack-free and uniform precursor films were formed after calcination in humidified Oxygen atmosphere. Less than 3 hours are required to finish the calcination process. XRD measurement shows that $BaF_2,\;CuO,\;Y_2O_3$ are major constituent of precursor films. Furthermore, YBCO films without any secondary phases were successfully fabricated after annealing in wet $Ar/O_2$ atmosphere. The YBCO film prepared on a $LaAlO_3$ single crystal substrate ($10mm{\times}10mm$) gives transport $I_c$ of 10A at 77K. This chemical modification approach is a possible candidate for improving MOD-processing of YBCO coated conductor.

$CO_2$ 용기의 양측정에 관하여 (LEVEL 측정기)

김영국,Kim, Yeong-Guk 한국화재보험협회 1993 방재기술 Vol.14 No.-

다양한 잡음 환경하에서 환경 군집화를 통한 화자 및 환경 동시 적응

김영국,송화전,김형순,Kim, Young-Kuk,Song, Hwa-Jeon,Kim, Hyung-Soon 한국음향학회 2009 韓國音響學會誌 Vol.28 No.6

This paper proposes noise-robust fast speaker adaptation method based on the eigenvoice framework in various noisy environments. The proposed method is focused on de-noising and environment clustering. Since the de-noised adaptation DB still has residual noise in itself, environment clustering divides the noisy adaptation data into similar environments by a clustering method using the cepstral mean of non-speech segments as a feature vector. Then each adaptation data in the same cluster is used to build an environment-clustered speaker adapted (SA) model. After selecting multiple environmentally clustered SA models which are similar to test environment, the speaker adaptation based on an appropriate linear combination of clustered SA models is conducted. According to our experiments, we observe that the proposed method provides error rate reduction of $40{\sim}59%$ over baseline with speaker independent model. 본 논문에서는 eigenvoice 방식에 기반하여 다양한 잡음 환경에 강인한 고속 화자 적응 방법을 제안하였다. 제안된 방법은 잡음 제거 기술과 환경 군집화 방법을 기반으로 한다. 그러나, 잡음 제거 기술을 통해 잡음을 제거한 후에도 여전히 잔여 잡음이 존재하므로 비음성 구간의 켑스트럼 평균을 사용하여 잡음 환경별로 화자 적응 데이터를 분류한 후 각각의 환경별로 환경 모델을 구성한다. 이러한 환경 군집화를 적응데이터에 대해 구성한 후 테스트 음성이 입력되면 군집화된 모델 중에서 인식 데이터와 가장 유사한 복수의 환경별 군집화된 화자 적응 모델을 구한 후 이들의 가중함을 통해 화자 적응을 수행하는 방법이다. 제안된 방법은 적응 및 평가를 통해 화자 독립 모델을 사용한 경우에 비해 $40{\sim}59%$ 인식 오류 감소율을 얻었다.

$\textrm{Mg}_{2}\textrm{SiO}_{4}$ 열형광체의 제작 및 특성에 관한 연구

김영국,손인호,채건식,이수대,설경식,노경석,송재흥,이상윤,도시흥,Kim, Yeong-Guk,Son, In-Ho,Chae, Geon-Sik,Lee, Su-Dae,Seol, Gyeong-Sik,No, Gyeong-Seok,Song, Jae-Heung,Lee, Sang-Yun,Do, Si-Heung 한국재료학회 1998 한국재료학회지 Vol.8 No.2

Mg2SiO4 열형광체에 란탄계 금속 Tb, Tm, La, Ho, Dy 및 Nd를 활성체로 첨가하여 열형광체를 제작했으며, Peak shape법으로 활성화에너지를 계산한 결과 0.53-1.77eV였으며, 발광과정의 차수는 전부 2차였다. 저 에너지 X-선에 대해 매우 높은 감도를 나타내었으므로 방사선 센서 소자로 개발하기 위한 기초 자료가 될 것이다.

불순물을 첨가한 $MgB_4O_7$ 열형광체의 물리적 특성에 관한 연구

김영국,손인호,채건식,이수대,설정식,노경석,송재흥,이상윤,도시홍,Kim, Young-Kook,Sohn, In-Ho,Chae, Kun-Sik,Lee, Su-Dae,Sul, Chung-Sik,Noh, Kyong-Suk,Song, Jae-Heung,Lee, Sang-Yun,Doh, Sih-Hong 한국재료학회 1998 한국재료학회지 Vol.8 No.2

$MgB_4O_7$ 열형광체의 활성체는 란탄계 금속인 Tb, Tm, Dy, La, Ho 및 Nd를 첨가하여 $580^{\circ}C$의 Ar 분위기에서 2시간동안 소결하여 제작하였다. 활성화에너지와 glow 곡선의 주 Peak의 세기는 peak shape법과 초기상승법의 두방법에 의해 결정했으며, 최적활성에너지는 $0.76\pm0.02eV$(Tm 첨가시), $0.94\pm0.03eV$(Tm 첨가시) 및 $0.72\pm0.02eV$(Dy 첨가시)였다. 이들 열형광체들은 저 에너지 X-선에 대해 매우 높은 감도를 나타냈으므로 방사선 센서 소자로 개발하기 위한 기초자료가 될 것으로 생각된다. $MgB_4O_7$: Tb, Tm, Dy, La, Ho and Nd phosphors have been prepared by sintering around $580^{\circ}C$ for 2 hours followed by flowing Ar gas. Activation energy and kinetic order of main peak of glow curve were studied by two methods peak shape method and initial rise method. By these methods, the estimated activation energies were $0.76\pm0.02eV$(Tb doped), $0.94\pm0.03eV$(Tm doped), $0.72\pm0.02eV$(Dy doped), respectively. The TL phosphors prepared in this work may be utilized to radiation sensor elements becaue of their high sensitivity to low energy X-ray.

밀링가공시의 채터현상 연구

김영국,윤문철,하만경,심성보,Kim, Y.K.,Yoon, M.C.,Ha, M.K.,Sim, S.B. 한국기계가공학회 2002 한국기계가공학회지 Vol.1 No.1

In this study, the static and dynamic characteristics of endmilling process was modelled and the analytic realization of chatter mechanism was discussed. In this regard, We have discussed on the comparative assessment of recursive time series modeling algorithms that can represent the machining process and detect the abnormal machining behaviors in precision endmilling operation. In this study, simulation and experimental work were performed to show the malfunctional behaviors. For this purpose, new recursive least square method (RLSM) were adopted for the on-line system identification and monitoring of a machining process, we can apply these new algorithms in real process for detection of abnormal chatter. Also, The stability lobe of chatter was analysed by varying parameter of cutting dynamices in regenerative chatter mechanics.

F-free Y & Cu 전구용액 적용에 의한 YBCO coated conductors의 MOD 공정 개선

김영국,유재무,정국채,고재웅,조윤숙,허은옥,Kim, Y.K.,Yoo, J.M.,Chung, K.C.,Ko, J.W.,Cho, Y.S.,Heo, E.O. 한국초전도학회 2006 Progress in superconductivity Vol.8 No.1

Total Fluorine content in the precursor solution for MOD processing of YBCO coated conductors can be significantly reduced by synthesizing precursor solution with F-free Y & Cu precursor and Barium trifluoroacetate(TFA). It was shown that crack-free and uniform precursor films were formed after calcinations in humidified oxygen atmosphere. Less than 2 hours are required to finish the calcination process, and XRD measurement shows that $BaF_2,\;CuO,\;and\;Y_2O_3$ are major constituent of calcined precursor films. Film thickness after calcination was measured to be ${\sim}2.8$ um by applying slot-die coating method. In particular, addition of Samarium shows critical current of Ic=226 A/cm-w($Jc=3.4\;MA/cm^2$). Also discussed are recent developments in the reel-to-reel processing using F-free Y & Cu precursor solutions. It is shown that uniform and fast processing route to YBCO coated conductor with high Ic can be provided by employing F-free Y & Cu precursor solutions in MOD process.

특집 : 극미세 분말 재료기술 - 초전도 분말 및 선재 제조기술

김영국,Kim, Yeong-Guk 재료연구소 2009 機械와 材料 Vol.20 No.4