김구와 이승만의 지정인식

김명섭(Myongsob KIM),김석원(Seokwon KIM) 한국정치학회 2009 한국정치학회보 Vol.43 No.3

우남 이승만(雩南굃承晩, 1875-1965)과 백범 김구(白凡金九, 1876-1949)의 지정인식을 비교분석한 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 대한제국 망국 이전 이승만과 김구는 중국중심적 지정인식으로부터 벗어나 주권독립에 대한 인식을 확립했다. 이러한 인식의 확립에는 근대주권체제의 확립과 불가분의 관계에 있었던 개신교가 큰 영향을 미쳤다. 둘째, 대한민국 임시정부가 소련과의 제휴여부를 놓고 내분을 겪을 때에, 이승만과 김구는 공히 소련의 영향력 팽창을 경계하는 입장을 취했다. 셋째, 아시아-태평양전쟁 시기 이승만과 김구의 협력은 대동아공영권이라는 일본의 지정전략에 맞서는 동시에 중국(아시아)과 미국(태평양)의 지정적 연대를 상징했다. 넷째, 이승만은 태평양으로 팽창하던 미국의 힘과 가치를 중시하면서 중국을 보조적인 협조자로 생각했다. 이에 비해 김구는 순치적 관계에 있는 중국과의 지정적 연결성을 중요하게 생각했다. 다섯째, 이승만은 세계의 대세를 통찰하는 거시적 시야를 가지고 있었던데 비해 아시아대륙의 혁명적 열기에 상대적으로 둔감했다면, 김구의 시야는 이승만의 그것에 비해 상대적으로 협소했지만 유라시아대륙의 혁명적 열기에 훨씬 민감했다. 여섯째, 전 세계적 냉전이 악화되는 가운데 동아시아의 한반도를 자신의 영향권 안에 두고자 했던 대륙세력과 해양세력 간의 대립구도 속에서 두 사람이 가졌던 지정인식의 공통점 보다는 그 차이점이 전면으로 부상했다. 그러나 광복과 건국에 기여했던 두 인물의 지정인식 상의 공통점은 대륙세력과 해양세력 사이의 균열과 남북한 분단이라는 이중적 단층구조를 뛰어넘고자 하는 21세기 대한민국의 지정학적 사유에 있어서 중요한 모퉁이돌이 될 수 있을 것이다. This paper compares the geopolitical perceptions of Syngman RHEE (雩南굃承晩, 1875-1965, He was one of the first Koreans who wrote his name in the Western manner, with the personal name preceding the family name) and KIM Koo (白凡金九, 1876-1949). The conclusions of this paper are as follows. First, both Rhee and Kim developed their perceptions of Independence (獨立) during the period of TaehanCheguk(大韓帝國, the Great Han Empire) which was strengthened by their embracement of Protestantism, ideational foundation of modern sovereignty in Europe. Second, both Rhee and Kim took precautions against the expansion of Soviet communism at a time when the Korean Provisional Government, founded after the end of World War I, was feuding over the issue of cooperating with the Soviets. Third, Rhee and Kim incarnated the geopolitical linkage between China (Asia) and the U.S. (the Pacific) against the Japanese geopolitical vision of a Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere(大東亞共榮圈) during the Asia-Pacific War. Fourth, while Rhee highly regarded U.S. power and her cause regarding China as merely an auxiliary assistant to the global role of the U.S. at that time, Kim placed greater emphasis on the linkage between Korea and China, metaphorically describing the Korea-China relationship as one of Soon-chi(脣齒, lips and teeth). Fifth, while Rhee had a macroscopic geopolitical perspective, he was relatively impervious to the rising tide of the Asian revolutionary atmosphere. In contrast, while Kim’s geopolitical perspective was relatively limited to Asia, he was more aware of the impending Asian revolutionary wave. These divergent geopolitical perceptions were not irrelevant to the separate trajectories of these two great political figures after 1948. By the advent of two governments in Korean peninsula and the aggravation of the Cold War in which the Sino-Russian camp and the U.S. camp competed for keeping the Korean peninsular in its own zone of influence, the differences overshadowed the commonalities in the geopolitical perceptions of Syngman RHEE and KIM Koo. However, the commonalities of their geopolitical perceptions which had contributed to the liberation of Korea from Japanese occupation and the birth of the Republic of Korea can be a cornerstone of South Korean geopolitical thinking in the 21st Century to overcome the dual fault lines, i.e. the inter-Korean division along with the confrontation between sea power and continental power on the Korean peninsula.

양측성 완전 거종 골 결합증에서 시행한 종골의 외측 전위 절골술(1예 보고)

김석원,조병기,김용민,김동수,최의성,손현철,박경진,박지강,Kim, Seok-Won,Cho, Byung-Ki,Kim, Yong-Min,Kim, Dong-Soo,Choi, Eui-Sung,Shon, Hyun-Chul,Park, Kyoung-Jin,Park, Ji-Kang 대한족부족관절학회 2012 대한족부족관절학회지 Vol.16 No.1

Talocalcaneal coalition known as the most common tarsal coalition is a congenital failure of segmentation. Talocalcaneal coalition with complete bone bridge is very rare, and there are few references in the literature about the clinical results and the operative method for this type of tarsal coalition. We report a case of 15 years old female with complete talocalcaneal coalition, who showed good clinical results by lateral sliding calcaneal osteotomy.

고온 내산화성 고 Si , Mo 구상흑연주철의 특성에 관한 연구

김석원,우기도,한상원,김정규,김대영 ( Sug Won Kim,Kee Do Woo,Sang Won Han,Jung Ku Kim,Dae Yong Kim ) 한국주조공학회 1998 한국주조공학회지 Vol.18 No.2

N/A The physical and chemical characteristics of Ductile Cast Iron(DCI) have been well known because of many studies about DCI. So it has a wide application in the field of heavy and automobile industry because DCI has a good combination of excellent castability and good mechanical properties. But its usage has been often restricted to use in parts such as exhaust manifold required high heat resistance in automobile industry. So, in this study, in order to achieve high heat resistance in DCI, DCI with addition of high Si and Mo alloy elements have been researched on mechanical properties, including heat resistances systematically. With the increase of Mo and Si content, the size and number of graphite in matrix of DCI increased and the pearlite in DCI matrix is transferred to ferrite because of Si strong former of ferrite, otherwhile carbide in matrix increased because of Mo carbide former. In the test of oxidation property, Si and Mo played an important role to retard oxidation of DCI. By the: addition of Si and Mo, the Charpy impact energy was decreased, whereas the total hardness was increased. (Received February 20, 1998)

Al-SiCp 복합재료에서 SiCp 의 용해거동에 관한 연구

김석원,이의권,전우용 ( Sug Won Kim,Eui Kweon Lee,Woo Yeoung Jeon ) 한국주조공학회 1993 한국주조공학회지 Vol.13 No.4

N/A Aluminum base composites reinforced with various amount of SiC particles and Mg contents have been investigated by different fabrication method for twenty-years. In this paper, how the decomposition and dissolution behaviors of SiCp(20㎛) in the melt of Al composites arised was studied. As the results, the decomposition and dissolution of SiCp into the melt of Al composites increased with increase of the temperature above 720℃, and holding time at a given melting temperature. Because SiC is thermodynamically unstable in this Al-SiCp composite at temperature above the liquidus, SiCp dissolves and reacts with Al in matrix to form Al₄C₃according to following chemical equation 4Al+3SiC→Al₄C₃+3Si, Si decomposed and dissolved from SiCp increases Si content of matrix, while liquidus temperature of matrix decrease with increase of SiC content in matrix. The hardness of SiCp decreased with increase of the melting temperature, the hardness of the matrix /particle interface increased with increase of the melting temperature due to increase of the Mg₂Si and Al₄C₃intermetallic compounds, etc.

복합 내측 족저부 및 내측 족부 피판을 이용한 광범위 족저부 결손의 재건

김석원,민완기,홍준표,정윤규,Kim, Sug Won,Min, Wan Kee,Hong, Joon Pio,Chung, Yoon Kyu 대한미세수술학회 2000 Archives of reconstructive microsurgery Vol.9 No.2

The reconstruction of soft tissue defects of the sole requires to stand the force of weight bearing, provide sensation and adequacy for normal foot-wear. Although certain local flaps have been described and used for resurfacing the foot, extensive injury requires distant or free flaps for coverage. There is no doubt that the ideal tissue for resurfacing the sole is the plantar tissue itself. The specialized dermal-epidermal histology and fibrous septa of the subcutaneous layer gives its unique property to stand the pressure and to absorb the shock upon gait. This paper presents a case of reconstructing the sole that involves about 70% of the weight bearing portion. The combined medial plantar and dorsalis pedis chimeric free flap based on the medial plantar artery and medial plantar nerve adds another dimension in resurfacing the weight bearing sole of moderate to large sized defects.

구상흑연주철의 3상혼합조직의 변태거동에 관한 연구

김석원,김동건,유선경 ( Sug Won Kim,Dong Keun Kim,Seon Kyung Yo ) 한국주조공학회 1991 한국주조공학회지 Vol.11 No.5

N/A Ductile cast iron(DCI) with a multi-phase(ferrite-bainite-martensite) structures was produced by various special heat treatment. Intercritical heat treatment(I. C.), intermediate heat treatment(I. M.) and step quenching(S. Q.) were used to strengthen and toughen the fracture initiation sites such as graphite-marix interfaces and eutectic cell boundaries in DCI. The purpose of this study was to investigate of DCI by the special heat treatment. (I. C., I. M., and S. Q.) At a result, bainite nucleation rate at higher temperature was higher than that of at lower temperature, and shapes of bainite and martensite became bar /spheroidal type with increase of isothermal transformation time.

Al-Si / SiCp 복합조직에 미치는 Rheo-compocasting 의 제조조건 및 Mg 첨가의 영향

김석원,이의권,전우용 ( Sug Won Kim,Eui Kweon Lee,Woo Yeoung Jeon ) 한국주조공학회 1993 한국주조공학회지 Vol.13 No.6

N/A Dispersion behaviors of SiC particles and microstructures in Al-2%Si/SiCp composite prepared by Rheo-compocasting were studied with change of fabrication conditions(slurry temperature, agitation time) and additions of Mg(0∼3wt.%). Also, the microhardness change of matrix, interface and total in composites were examined with additions of Mg (0∼3wt.%). The dispersion of particles in the composites became relatively homogeneous with increase of Mg additions, agitation time and decrease of slurry temperature. Rate of occupied area by particle in matrix was increased as increase of Mg additions due to improvement of wettability between SiC particle and matrix. A favorable composites were obtained by melting under Ar atmospheric SiCp injection and bottom pouring system. According to the analysis of X-ray diffraction, Mg₂Si, Al₄C₃, SiO₂and MgO, etc, intermetallic compounds were formed by chemical interreaction at interface of matrix and particles. The microhardness of interface is higher than that of matrix due to more strengthening of above intermetallic compounds. It was considered that the total hardness of the composites is improved by dispersing of SiCp and addition of Mg.

¹H NMR 스펙트럼 데이터의 다변량 통계분석에 의한 벼 품종의 구분 및 주요 당 화합물의 정량분석

김석원,구본초,김종현,유장렬,Kim, Suk-Weon,Koo, Bon-Cho,Kim, Jong-Hyun,Liu, Jang-Ryol 한국식물생명공학회 2006 식물생명공학회지 Vol.33 No.4

건조된 벼 5 품종의 whole cell extracts로부터 $^1H$ NMR 스펙트럼 조사를 통해 다변량 통계분석법을 활용하여 벼 종자의 품종 구분이 가능함을 조사하였다. $^1H$ NMR스펙트럼 데이터에 기초한 PCA분석 결과 크게 3개의 그룹으로 구분이 이루어졌다. 즉, 상주벼가 나머지 4 품종의 벼와 크게 다르게 구분이 이루어졌으며 동진벼와 심백벼, 그리고 화만벼와 심백hetero 품종이 각각 하나의 소그룹으로 구분이 이루어졌다. 스펙트럼 영역에 있어서는 carbohydrate region이 품종에 따라 크게 달라지는 것으로 보아 탄수화물의 정량정성적 차이가 metabolic profiting에 의한 품종 구분에 중요한 역할을 하는 것으로 추론된다. 또한 $^1H$ NMR 스펙트럼 데이터에 기초하여 주요 당 화합물 (sucrose, glucose, maltose 등)의 상대적인 정량분석을 조사한 결과 상주벼의 경우 다른 벼 품종에 비해 sucrose 및 glucose 함량은 큰 차이가 없었으나 maltose 함량이 타 품종에 비해 약 2-4배 높음을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 본 연구에서 확립한 벼 종자의 whole cell extracts로부터 $^1H$ NMR 스펙트럼을 이용한 metabolic profiling 방법은 다양한 벼 종자의 신속한 품종구분은 물론 주요 carbohydrates의 간편한 정량분석 체계로 활용이 가능할 것으로 예상된다. Discrimination of 5 rice cultivars (Sangjubyeo <SJ>, Dongjinbyeo <DJ> Simbaekbyeo <SB>, Hwamanbyeo <HM>, and Simbaek-hetero <SH>) using metabolic profiling was carried out. Whole cell extracts from each cultivar were subjected to $^1H$ NMR spectroscopy. When spectral data were analyzed by principal component analysis, 5 cultivars were clustered into 3 groups: SJ, DJ + SB, and HM + SH. Thecultivars showed great difference in carbohydrate region of $^1H$ NMR spectra, suggesting that qualitative and quantitative differences in carbohydrate compounds play a major role in discrimination of the cultivars. In addition, it was readily possible to determine relative quantification of major carbohydrates including sucrose, glucose, maltose from spectral data of the cultivars. SJ showed 2 to 4 times higher content of maltose than the other rice cultivars. Overall results indicate that metabolic discrimination of rice cultivars using $^1H$ NMR spectroscopy combined by multivariate statistical analysis can be used for rapid discrimination of numerous rice cultivars and simple quantitative analysis system of major carbohydrate compounds in rice grains.

¹H NMR에 의한 γ-Aminobutyric Acid의 간단하고 신속한 정량분석법 확립과 고수 (Coriandrum sativum L.) 현탁배양세포로부터 γ-Aminobutyric Acid의 생산

김석원,유장렬,Kim, Suk-Weon,Liu, Jang-R. 한국식물생명공학회 2007 식물생명공학회지 Vol.34 No.3

식물현탁배양세포의 whole cell extract의 $^1H$ NMR 스펙트럼 데이터로부터 통계분석기법을 활용하여 GABA의 간단하고 신속한 정량분석방법을 확립하였다. 이 기술을 활용하여 고등식물 8종의 9개 세포주를 MS 배지에 1 mg/L의 2,4-D를 첨가한 배지에 유지하였을 때 고수 (Coriandrum sativum L.)가 가장 많은 양의 GABA를 생산하였다. 고수 현탁배양세포로부터 2,4-D농도 및 배양기간에 따른 GABA의 생산성 변화를 조사한 결과 현탁배양세포를 0.5 mg/L 2,4-D가 첨가된 배지에서 3주간 배양된 현탁배양세포를 이용할 경우 GABA 함량이 건중량 1 g 당 16.9 mg으로 가장 높게 생산되었다. 본 연구에서 확립된 간단하고 신속한 분석법으로 다양한 식물자원으로부터 GABA의 생산성을 초고속탐색(high-throughput screenig)할 수 있을 것이며 고수 현탁세포배양법으로 GABA의 상업적 대량생산이 가능할 것으로 전망된다. This study describes a simple and rapid method for quantitative determination of $\gamma$-aminobutyric acid (GABA) using $^1H$ NMR spectroscopy from whole cell extracts of plant suspension cultures. When 9 cell lines derived from 8 species of higher plants maintained in liquid Marashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 1 mg/L 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) were subjected to $^1H$ NMR, a cell line of Coriandrum sativum L. exhibited the highest level of GABA. The level reached up to 16.9 mg/dry wt when cells were cultured in MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/L 2,4-D after 3 weeks of incubation. The method for quantitative determination of GABA using $^1H$ NMR established in this study could be applied to high-throughput screening of various plant resources for GABA production and the cell suspension culture system of C. sativum could be further developed for commercial production of GABA.

초저온 보존된 오이 배발생세포 현탁배양으로부터 식물체 재분화

김석원,인동수,정원중,우제욱,정민,유장렬,Kim, Seok-Won,In, Dong-Soo,Jung, Won-Joong,Woo, Je-Wook,Jung, Min,Yoo, Jang-Ryul 한국식물생명공학회 1998 식물생명공학회지 Vol.25 No.6

오이의 국내 F1 품종인 조생낙합의 하배축 유래 배발생 현탁배양 세포의 초저온 보존 시스템을 개발하였다. 액체질소 저장 후 캘러스 재생률은 2M DMNSO와 0.4 M sucrose를 혼용 처리하였을 때 캘러스 재생률이 85%로 가장 높았다. 그러나 glycerol 처리구에서는 처리농도에 상관없이 모든 처리구에서 캘러스 재생이 이루어지지 않았다. 또한 고농도의 삼투용액에서 배양세포의 전처리 과정은 필요하지 않았다. 재생된 캘러스를 1 mg/L 2,4-D가 첨가된 MS 배지로 이식하여 배양하였을 때 다수의 체세포배가 발달하였으며, 체세포배를 MS 기본배지로 옮겨 명배양한 결과 다수의 소식물체가 발달하였다. Conditions for high frequency plant regeneration from cryopreserved embryogenic cell suspension cultures derived from hypocotyl explants of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) are described. Cells cryoprotected with a mixture of 2 M DMSO and 0.4 M sucrose exhibited a regeneration frequency of 85%. However, cells cryoprotected with different concentrations of glycerol showed no regeneration after cryopreservation. Pretreatment of cells in a high osmotic medium was not necessary to the process. Upon transfer to MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/L 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, regenerated calli gave rise to numerous somatic embryos, then underwent development into plantlets.