인간 단핵구 THP-1 세포에서 β-glucan으로 인한 TNF-α 분비 증가 효과

금보람(Bo Ram Keum),현진이(Jin Yi Hyeon),최소희(So Hui Choe),진지영(Ji Young Jin),정지우(Ji Woo Jeong),임종민(Jong Min Lim),박동찬(Dong Chan Park),조광근(Kwang Keun Cho),최은영(Eun Young Choi),최인순(In Soon Choi) 한국생명과학회 2017 생명과학회지 Vol.27 No.11

β-glucan은 균류의 세포벽, 귀리, 효모, 식물의 구성물질로, 면역 세포의 활성, 전염증성 사이토카인 분비, 항암효능과 같은 면역 체계에 중요한 역할을 한다. 면역계는 건강한 몸 상태의 항상성을 유지한다. 하지만, 병원성 물질이 신체 내로 들어오게 되면 면역 항상성이 무너지게 되고, 질병이 유발될 수 있다. 따라서, 본 연구는 β-glucan이 인간 단핵구 THP-1 세포에서 면역 조절 효과에 이용될 수 있는지를 확인하였다. β-glucan은 THP-1 세포에 다양한 농도를 처리하여 배양하였으며, TNF-α mRNA 발현과 단백질 수준을 Real-time PCR와 ELISA을 이용하여 분석하였다. 또한 전사 인자 NF-κB p50와 MAPKs 신호 기작 활성을 western blot을 이용하여 분석하였다. β-glucan으로 유도된 MAPKs와 NF-κB p50 활성이 증가하였다. β-glucan이 인간 단핵구 THP-1 세포에서 TNF-α 생성에 의해 면역 증강 효과를 나타내며, 이는 MAPKs와 NF-κB p50 신호 전달을 통해 나타내는 것을 제시한다. 종합적으로, 본 연구는 β-glucan이 인간 단핵구 THP-1 세포를 통해 면역 체계를 향상시킬 것이라고 사료된다. β-glucan is a constituent of the cell wall of fungi, yeast and plants. It plays an important role in the immune system such as activation of immunocyte, release of pro-inflammatory and anti-cancer effect. The immune system maintains a healthy immune homeostasis. However, when pathogenic substances enter the body, immune homeostasis can break down and disease can be triggered. Therefore, we studied a substance that regulates immune homeostasis. The purpose of the study we demonstrated whether the β-glucan can be applied to the immune-modulation effects in human monocytic THP-1 cells. β-glucan was incubated in THP-1 cells at various concentrations. The TNF-α mRNA expression and protein levels were analyzed by ELISA and Real-time PCR. Additionally, the expression of MAPKs (p38 and JNK), IκB-α and NF-κB p50 were analyzed by western blot. β-glucan enhanced the production of TNF-α mRNA expression and protein levels in human monocytic THP-1 cells. In addition, activation of MAPKs (p38 and JNK) and NF-κB p50 induced by β-glucan were increased. The study suggests that β-glucan contributes to immune-stimulation effect by production TNF-α in human monocytic THP-1 cells, and that MAPKs and NF-κB p50 are involved in the process. Synthetically, we have suggested β-glucan may be improved to immune system effect in human monocytic THP-1 cells.

학령 전 단순언어장애아동과 일반아동의 시.청지각과제 수행능력 비교

금보람(Bo-Ram Keum),김영태(Young-Tae Kim),이은주(Eun Ju Lee) 한국언어청각임상학회 2010 Communication Sciences and Disorders Vol.15 No.4

배경 및 목적: 단순언어장애 아동에 관한 여러 연구들은 이 아동들이 일반아동과 비교하여 언어적 정보처리에 어려움을 겪는다고 보고하였으며, 일부 연구들은 비언어적 정보처리과정 역시 제한적임을 보고하고 있다. 본 연구는 단순언어장애아동의 비언어적 정보의 처리 속도 및 정확도가 일반아동과 차이가 있는가를 통해 이 아동들의 비언어적 정보처리 특성을 살펴보고자 하였다. 방법: 연구대상은 서울 및 수도권에 거주하는 만 4∼6세(4;11∼6;6개월)의 단순 언어장애아동(SLI) 13명 및 생활연령을 일치시킨 정상 언어발달아동(CA-M) 13명, 언어발달 연령을 일치시킨 정상언어발달 아동(LA-M) 13명, 총 39명의 아동으로 하였다. 실험과제는 Kohnert & Windsor (2004)에서 일반아동과 단순언어장애아동 및 이중언어아동을 대상으로 실시된 청각 및 시각자극 반응과제로, 본 연구의 대상 아동의 연령에 맞추어 길이와 난이도를 수정하였다. 각각의 과제는 4가지 유형의 청각 및 시각 과제로 구성되었으며 각 집단의 정반응율과 반응시간을 비교하였다. 결과: 연구 결과, 단순언어장애아동 집단은 청지각 및 시지각 과제에 대한 정반응율에서 CA집단에 비해 유의미하게 낮은 수행결과를 나타냈다. 각 과제별 비교에서 SLI집단은 청각단순탐지과제에서 CA집단에 비해 유의하게 낮은 수행을 보였다. 또한 반응속도에 대해 청각과제에서 SLI집단이 생활연령일치 집단에 비해 유의하게 낮은 수행을 보였으며 시각과제에서의 유의미한 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 각 과제별 비교에서 청각단순 및 청각과제에서 SLI집단은 CA집단과 비교하여 유의하게 느린 반응속도를 나타내었다. SLI 와 LA-M 집단과의 유의한 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 두 일반아동 집단(CA, LA)의 비교에서 청각단순탐지 및 시각 단순탐지, 선택탐지 과제에서의 정반응율에서 CA집단이 유의하게 높은 수행을 보였으며, 청각 선택과제에서 CA집단이 유의하게 더 빠른 반응속도를 보인 것으로 나타났다. 반응속도에서 시각과제에서의 유의한 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 논의 및 결론: 이러한 결과는 단순언어장애아동이 언어과제 뿐 아니라 비언어과제의 처리에 있어서 일반아동에 비해 취약함을 보인다는 것을 나타내며 반응속도에 있어 특히 청각과제에서 어려움을 보여 청각적 정보처리의 결함이 있을 가능성을 제시하였다. Background & Objectives: The present study investigated the differences in nonlinguistic performance between 4- to 6-year-old children with specific language impairment (SLI) and 2 groups of typically developing children; one matched by their language age (N-LA), and the other matched by their chronological age (N-CA) with the SLI children. Thirtynine children (13 SLI, 13 N-LA, and 13 N-CA) participated in the present study. Methods: The experiments were conducted with 4 basic nonlinguistic tasks: (1) simple bar-pushing after auditory stimuli, (2) simple bar-pushing after visual stimuli, (3) choice bar-pushing after auditory stimuli, and (4) choice bar-pushing after visual stimuli. Three-way repeated ANOVA and One-way ANOVA were adopted to test for statistically significant differences. Results: Results were as follows: (1) The correct rate of reaction was significantly different among the 3 groups in auditory and visual tasks. The performance of the SLI group was significantly lower than the N-CA in all tasks. No significant differences were found between the SLI group and N-LA group. (2) Significant differences were revealed in 3 types of tasks (auditory simple, visual simple, and visual choice). (3) The response latency was significantly different among the 3 groups in auditory tasks. The performance of the SLI group was significantly slower than the N-CA in auditory simple and choice tasks. No significant differences among groups in visual tasks were found. (4) The analysis of correlation was not significant between correct response rate and response latency. (5) Overall pattern of correct response rate and response latency were qualitatively similar across the 3 groups. Discussion & Conclusion: The results of the present study show that children with SLI have more difficulty in nonlinguistic performance compared with N-CA. The present results suggest the lower correct rate and slower reaction time of the SLI group of children than the normal groups are characteristic of many children with SLI.

연령에 따른 설소대 절제술 후 혀 길이와 운동성 및 자음정확도의 변화에 대한 연구

김주은,금보람,이성원,박성민,권빈,김희진,박일석 대한이비인후과학회 2021 대한이비인후과학회지 두경부외과학 Vol.64 No.2

Background and Objectives Ankyloglossia often results in articulation disorders, whichdepends on age, articulation ability, and mobility of the tongue. A primary treatment strategyincludes surgery and/or speech therapy. This study aimed to evaluate the changes of thetongue length, tongue mobility, and percentage of consonants correct (PCC) after frenotomy. We investigated the optimal surgery timing for ankyloglossia. Subjects and Method A total of 136 patients underwent frenotomy for the tongue tie betweenJanuary 2016 and December 2019. There were 90 males and 46 females, with the meanage of 5.23, which ranged from 2 to 10 years. The length of the tongue was measured for all patientsduring the operation preoperatively and postoperatively. The mobility of the tongue andPCC were performed preoperatively and 1 month after surgery by two speech therapists. Patientswere divided according to age into three groups: 2-3 years, 4-5 years, and over 6 years old. Results The mean tongue length of all age groups was significantly elongated after surgery(p<0.05). After frenotomy, the mobility of tongue, including horizontal protrusion, protrusionwith upward pointing, circumlocution, and lateral movement, was improved. Also, PCCs ofall age groups were significantly improved after surgery (p<0.05). Conclusion Frenotomy can be an effective procedure for children with ankyloglossia in allage groups. After frenotomy, length of the tongue, mobility of the tongue and PCC were significantlyimproved.

반회후두신경 손상을 동반하지 않은 갑상선 절제술 환자에서 수술 초기의 음성 및 연하 기능의 변화에 대한 분석

김희진,금보람,김근희,전승식,김혜진,김성균,홍석진,홍석민,김용복,박일석,Kim, Heejin,Keum, Bo-Ram,Kim, Geun Hee,Jeon, Seung Sik,Kim, Hyejeen,Kim, Sung Kyun,Hong, Seok Jin,Hong, Seok-Min,Kim, Yong-Bok,Park, Il-Seok 대한후두음성언어의학회 2016 대한후두음성언어의학회지 Vol.27 No.2

Background and Objectives : After thyroidectomy, many patients experience problems report such things as reduced voice range and vocal fatigue, swallowing problems without superior and recurrent laryngeal nerve injury. The purpose of this study was to evaluate voice and swallowing problems before and after thyroid surgery without laryngeal nerve injury. Materials and Methods : Ninety-three patients who underwent thyroidectomy without laryngeal nerve injury and completed the follow-up evaluations were studied between June 2013 and December 2015. Each evaluation was performed preoperatively, as well as 1 week, 1 month postoperatively. Analysis was performed including voice handicap index (VHI), dysphagia handicap index (DHI), and acoustic voice analysis. Results : Patients show significant variation of parameters in the fundamental frequency (F), maximal phonation time (MPT), shimmer, jitter and soft phonation index (SPI) early after operation, and most of them showed recovery of parameters after 1month of operation. Perceptive complaint of voice and swallowing also showed significant decreased after operation (p<0.005). After 1month of operation, MPT, highest frequency and frequency ranges still showed significant decreased parameters. Comparing acoustic and perceptive parameters of total thyroidectomy and lobectomy, there was no significant changes between them except highest frequency (p=0.042). Conclusion : The results from both subjective and objective evaluations show voice and swallowing disturbance after thyroidectomy even in the absence of laryngeal nerve and provide patients information about the recovery process after surgery. Highest frequency parameter showed most significant changes after operation.

통계 관리도 기법을 이용한 산사태 발생시간 예측

장형수(張亨銖),김보람(金寶濫),서용석(徐庸碩) 충북대학교 국가위기관리연구소 2010 국가위기관리연구 Vol.4 No.2

본 연구에서는 모형시험을 통하여 측정된 지표변위와 간극수압 변화율을 관리도 이론에 적용하여 산사태 붕괴를 예측하였다. 산사태 발생 현장에서 채취한 화강암 풍화토를 대상으로 총 16개의 모델을 시험한 결과 간극수압 최대 변화량이 0.17KPa/10sec 이상일 때 모형사면은 붕괴 위험성이 큰 것으로 나타났으며, 간극수압의 최대변화량의 지점과 붕괴지점이 대체로 일치하는 경향을 나타내었다. 또한 본 시험에서는 붕괴시점 보다 약 147-222sec 전에 붕괴를 예측할 수 있었다. 산사태 예측에 유효한 간극수압변화의 추이를 통계적으로 분석하기 위하여 관리도이론을 적용한 분석법을 개발하였으며, 이를 간극수압 변화율을 이용하여 분석한 동일 모델에 적용한 결과 간극수압 최대 변화율을 이용한 방법보다 6-20sec 정도의 시간차를 보여 유효한 것으로 나타났다.

청성뇌간유발반응검사 자극강도에 따른 변조이음향방사 비교

이재석,홍석민,홍석진,박일석,김용복,심민경,금보람 한국청각언어재활학회 2015 Audiology and Speech Research Vol.11 No.4

The purpose of this study is to examine whether the auditory function of patients are subtlely influenced by loud sound used in auditory brain stem response (ABR) test using a distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs). A total of 33 subjects who visited the ENT clinic with sudden idiopathic hearing loss disease or a suspected other peripheral vertigo disease (9 males and 24 females) were enrolled in this study. Fifty-seven ears with hearing threshold levels less than 15 dB HL were selected (0.25 ~ 8 kHz). The DPOAEs test was performed before and immediately after ABR test. We found no statistically significant changes in DPOAEs parameters before and immediately after ABR test. And also, DPOAEs implemented before and immediately after ABR test showed a higher correlation at all frequencies. This study showed that the intensity of sound stimulus of ABR test do not affect the subtle changes in auditory function. it is suggested that the exposure duration and intensity of the sound stimulus applied to ABR test of this study is insufficient to achieve a statistically significant result. Therefore, further study will be needed about other auditory evoked potential test, which use the continuous stimulus intensity of 90 dB nHL for identification of effect on auditory function.

골도 청력검사에서 이간감약의 임상적평가

이재석,홍석민,김성균,김희진,홍석진,박일석,김용복,심민경,금보람 한국청각언어재활학회 2016 Audiology and Speech Research Vol.12 No.4

Purpose: It is commonly known that there is no significant transcranial attenuation across the cranium through bone conduction. The aim of this study was to evaluate transcranial attenuation for bone conduction as a function of each frequency by hearing loss types on subjects of unilateral hearing loss or unilateral with bilateral hearing loss. Methods: A total of 82 subjects with sensorineural (40 ears), conductive (20 ears) and mixed hearing loss (22 ears), were enrolled and then were analyzed prospectively. The transcranial attenuation was analyzed for 82 ears with the differences over 10 dB HL in all frequencies (0.25-4 kHz) by air conduction audiometry. The transcranial attenuation at each frequency was obtained by bone conduction threshold without masking. Results: We observed a significant in the mean of transcranial attenuation for bone conduction of the overall subjects. It was closed to 0-9 dB HL at 0.25 kHz to 2 kHz and 13 dB HL at 3 to 4 kHz. There are more difference in principal the transcranial attenuation for bone conduction in high frequency than a low frequency. Conclusion: Therefore, the conductive and mixed hearing loss always need to consider about the masking by crosshearing. The cross-hearing, however, needs to consider by type of hearing loss because the transcranial attenuation of bone conduction as a function of each frequency depends on hearing loss types. Further research should work for the transcranial attenuation of bone conduction by degrees of hearing loss.