Simplexity in Hydrology: 복잡함과 간단함 사이에서의 균형

김민석,Kim, Min-Seok 한국수자원학회 2021 물과 미래(한국수자원학회지) Vol.54 No.9

요추추간판탈출증에 대한 일반침 치료와 간접구 병행치료의 임상적 효과비교

김민석,박재연,최유진,윤경진,전재천,이태호,이은용,노정두,Kim, Min-Seok,Park, Jae-Yeon,Choi, You-Jin,Yoon, Kyoung-Jin,Jeon, Jae-Cheon,Lee, Tae-Ho,Lee, Eun-Yong,Roh, Jeong-Du 대한침구의학회 2011 대한침구의학회지 Vol.28 No.1

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical effect of indirect moxibustion treatment for HIVD patients. Methods : From March 2010 to December 2010, 32 HIVD patients who admitted to Semyung oriental medical hospital were divided into two groups. Group I was treated by indirect moxibustion and general acupuncture, group II by general acupuncture. We evaluated the treatment effect of each group with the visual analog scale(VAS) and Oswestry disability index(ODI) by dividing three period(from admission day to third day after admission, from third day to sixth day after admission and from sixth day to ninth day after admission). Results : 1. Group I was more effective than group II in VAS score reducing rate at sixth day after admission and ninth day after admission but there was no statistical significance between two groups at third day after admission 2. Group I was more effective than group II in VAS improvement rate from third day to sixth day after admission but there was no statistical significance between two groups from admission day to third day after admission and sixth day to ninth day after admission. 3. Group I was more effective than group II in ODI score reducing rate at sixth day after admission and ninth day after admission but there was no statistical significance between two groups at third day after admission. 4. In ODI improvement rate group I was higher than group II, but there was no statistical significance. Conclusions : Through this research, Indirect moxibustion treatment is considered to be effective reducing pain for HIVD(Herniated intervertebral disc) patients.

한반도 목표 표준강수지수(SPI) 산정에 관한 연구

김민석,문영일,Kim, Min-Seok,Moon, Young-Il 대한토목학회 2014 대한토목학회논문집 Vol.34 No.4

물은 인류와 동식물의 필요조건으로, 물 부족 상태 즉 가뭄은 전 세계적으로 가장 두려워하는 재해 중 하나이다. 본 연구는 지역적인 특성을 고려하여 가뭄을 판단하고 대응하기 위해 목표재현기간을 설정하고 한반도 전역을 대상으로 시 군 구 단위의 지역별 목표 표준강수지수를 산정하였다. 먼저 한반도에 위치한 30년 이상의 자료기간을 보유한 88개 기상관측소의 강우자료에서 월별강우자료를 추출하고 SPI (3)가뭄지수를 산정하였다. 산정된 SPI (3)에서 연도별 최저치를 추출하여 매개변수적 빈도해석과 경계핵밀도 함수를 이용한 비매개변수적 빈도해석을 실시하였다. 또한, 목표재현기간을 30년으로 설정하고 비매개변수적 빈도해석 결과에 티센비 적용하여 시 군 구 단위로 목표 표준강수지수를 산정하였다. 분석결과 가뭄의 심도와 빈도가 지역별로 크게 다르게 나타남을 확인 할 수 있었으며, 이는 한반도 가뭄의 판단과 대응을 위한 기초자료로 국가적인 수자원계획과 방재대책에 기여하고자 한다. Water is a necessary condition of plants, animals and human. The state of the water shortage, that drought is globally one of the most feared disasters. This study was calculated target standardized precipitation index with unit of region for judgment and preparation of drought in consideration of the regional characteristics. First of all, Standardized Precipitation Index (3) were calculated by monthly rainfall data from rainfall data more than 30 years of 88 stations. Parametric frequency and nonparametric frequency using boundary kernel density function were analysed using annual minimum data that were extracted from calculated SPI (3). Also, Target return period sets up 30 year and target SPI analysed unit of region using thiessen by result of nonparametric frequency. Analyzed result, Drought was entirely different from severity and frequency by region. This study results will contribute to a national water resources plan and disaster prevention measures with data foundation for judgment and preparation of drought in korea.

「내외수 연계 내수침수예측시스템」 기술 소개

김민석,육지문,문영일,Kim, Min-Seok,Yuk, Ji-Mun,Mun, Yeong-Il 한국수자원학회 2017 물과 미래(한국수자원학회지) Vol.50 No.4

심층신경망 구조에 따른 구개인두부전증 환자 음성 인식 향상 연구

김민석,정재희,정보경,윤기무,배아라,김우일,Kim, Min-seok,Jung, Jae-hee,Jung, Bo-kyung,Yoon, Ki-mu,Bae, Ara,Kim, Wooil 한국음향학회 2019 韓國音響學會誌 Vol.38 No.6

본 논문에서는 구개인두부전증(VeloPharyngeal Insufficiency, VPI) 환자의 음성을 효과적으로 인식하기 위해 컨볼루션 신경망 (Convolutional Neural Network, CNN), 장단기 모델(Long Short Term Memory, LSTM) 구조 신경망을 은닉 마르코프 모델(Hidden Markov Model, HMM)과 결합한 하이브리드 구조의 음성 인식 시스템을 구축하고 모델 적응 기법을 적용하여, 기존 Gaussian Mixture Model(GMM-HMM), 완전 연결형 Deep Neural Network(DNN-HMM) 기반의 음성 인식 시스템과 성능을 비교한다. 정상인 화자가 PBW452단어를 발화한 데이터를 이용하여 초기 모델을 학습하고 정상인 화자의 VPI 모의 음성을 이용하여 화자 적응의 사전 모델을 생성한 후에 VPI 환자들의 음성으로 추가 적응 학습을 진행한다. VPI환자의 화자 적응 시에 CNN-HMM 기반 모델에서는 일부층만 적응 학습하고, LSTM-HMM 기반 모델의 경우에는 드롭 아웃 규제기법을 적용하여 성능을 관찰한 결과 기존 완전 연결형 DNN-HMM 인식기보다 3.68 % 향상된 음성 인식 성능을 나타낸다. 이러한 결과는 본 논문에서 제안하는 LSTM-HMM 기반의 하이브리드 음성 인식 기법이 많은 데이터를 확보하기 어려운 VPI 환자 음성에 대해 보다 향상된 인식률의 음성 인식 시스템을 구축하는데 효과적임을 입증한다. This paper proposes speech recognition systems employing Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) structures combined with Hidden Markov Moldel (HMM) to effectively recognize the speech of VeloPharyngeal Insufficiency (VPI) patients, and compares the recognition performance of the systems to the Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM-HMM) and fully-connected Deep Neural Network (DNNHMM) based speech recognition systems. In this paper, the initial model is trained using normal speakers' speech and simulated VPI speech is used for generating a prior model for speaker adaptation. For VPI speaker adaptation, selected layers are trained in the CNN-HMM based model, and dropout regulatory technique is applied in the LSTM-HMM based model, showing 3.68 % improvement in recognition accuracy. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed LSTM-HMM-based speech recognition system is effective for VPI speech with small-sized speech data, compared to conventional GMM-HMM and fully-connected DNN-HMM system.

분 단위 강우자료의 품질 개선방안에 관한 연구

김민석,문영일,Kim, Min-Seok,Moon, Young-Il 대한토목학회 2015 대한토목학회논문집 Vol.35 No.2

수자원 설계 및 홍수 예 경보 등을 위한 수문분석 시, 강우자료는 필수요소이다. 현재 수문분석 시 비교적 장기간의 자료를 보유하고 있는 기상청, 국토교통부 등의 지상기상관측지점(SSS, Surface Synoptic Stations)에 시 강우자료를 이용하고 있으나, 집중호우가 빈번히 발생하는 현실정과 집중호우의 발생빈도가 증가할 것으로 예상되는 향후에는 더욱 조밀한 관측망을 구성하고 있는 방재기상관측지점(AWS, Automatic Weather Stations)의 분 단위 강우자료를 이용한 분석이 필요하다. 그러나 방재기상관측지점의 분 단위 강우자료는 자동으로 관측되고 있어, 자료품질에 대한 문제점이 매번 지적되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 서울지역을 중심으로 기상청 방재기상관측지점의 분 단위 강우자료의 품질개선 방안에 관한 연구를 실시하였다. 분 단위 강우자료의 품질관리방안은 크게 3단계로 결측치 품질관리, 이상치 품질관리 그리고 강우 보완 품질관리로 구분하여 품질관리 방안을 제시하고 분석을 수행하였다. 마지막으로 서울지점의 분 단위 강우자료와 시 단위 강우자료의 비교분석을 통해 강우 품질관리에 대한 평가를 실시하였다. 이는 향후 분 단위 강우자료를 이용한 수문분석 시, 강우자료 품질관리 방안으로 활용될 것으로 판단된다. Rainfall data is necessary component for water resources design and flood warning system. Most analysis are used long-term hourly data of surface synoptic stations from the Meteorological Administration, Ministry of land, Infrastructure and Transport and others. However, It will be used minutely data of more high density automatic weather stations than surface synoptic stations expecting to increase the frequency of heavy precipitation. But minutely data has a problem about quality of rainfall data by auto observation. This study analyzed about quality control method using automatic weather station's minutely rainfall data of meteorological administration. It was performed assessment of the quality control that was classified quality control of miss Data, outlier data and rainfall interpolation. This method will be utilized when hydrological analysis uses minute rainfall data.

복시환자의 임상양상

김민석,최진,김정훈,김재석,이주화,Min Seok Kim,Jin Choi,Jung Hoon Kim,Jae Suk Kim,Joo Hwa Lee 대한안과학회 2013 대한안과학회지 Vol.54 No.11

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical features, causes and outcomes of patients with diplopia. Methods: All patients presenting with diplopia from October 2010 to March 2012 and followed up for more than 3 months were retrospectively investigated. Results: During the study period, 59 patients with diplopia were identified. There were 42 males and 17 females with an average age of 50 years. Binocular diplopia accounted for 54 cases (92%) and 5 cases (8%) had monocular diplopia. Cranial nerve palsies were the most common cause of binocular diplopia (28 cases, 52%). Within the cranial nerve palsies group, 14 cases (50%) were accompanied by hypertension or diabetes mellitus. Binocular diplopia spontaneously resolved in 35 cases (65%) by 3 months rising to 41 cases (76%) by 7 months. Thirteen (93%) out of 14 cases of cranial nerve palsies with hypertension or diabetes resolved spontaneously by 3 months. Conclusions: Binocular diplopia was caused most commonly by cranial nerve palsy and resolved after 3 months in 65% of patients. A spontaneous recovery from diplopia was observed after 3 months in 93% of patients with cranial nerve palsies and microvascular disease such as hypertension or diabetes. Therefore, the initial observation without additional treatment would be sufficient in these patients. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2013;54(11):1772-1777

당뇨망막병증에서 나비라스 레이저 시스템과 기존 범망막광응고술의 소요시간과 통증 비교

김민석,이성우,김재석,Min Seok Kim,Seong Woo Lee,Jae Suk Kim 대한안과학회 2014 대한안과학회지 Vol.55 No.8

Purpose: To compare the pain scale and time necessary for panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) between Navilas<sup><font size=`2`>Ⓡ</font> (OD-OS, Teltow, Germany) and conventional laser in diabetic retinopathy. Methods: Fifteen patients who required PRP for diabetic retinopathy were enrolled in the present study. PRP was performed using Navilas<sup><font size=`2`>Ⓡ</font> (5 x 5 array patterned system) in the superior, nasal and inferior areas, and using conventional laser at the temporal area 1 week later. Total time of laser application and number of laser shots were counted for calculating required time per 100 spots of each laser system. Immediately after the laser photocoagulation, patients were asked to quantify their pain on a visual analog pain scale (0 = no pain; 10 = worst pain). Results: PRP using Navilas<sup><font size=`2`>Ⓡ</font> required shorter time per 100 laser spots (27.7 sec vs. 102.0 sec, <em>p</em> < 0.001) and subjects had lower treatment-related pain than with the conventional laser system (3.3 vs. 6.9,<em> p</em> < 0.001). Conclusions: PRP using Navilas<sup><font size=`2`>Ⓡ</font> can be considered as an efficient method for improving patient and operator's comfort with faster laser application and lower treatment-related pain. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2014;55(8):1150-1154

BTMSM/O₂ 고유량으로 증착된 SiOCH 박막의 2차원 상관관계 분석을 통한 유전특성 연구

김민석,황창수,김홍배,Kim, Min-Seok,Hwang, Chang-Su,Kim, Hong-Bae 한국전기전자재료학회 2008 전기전자재료학회논문지 Vol.21 No.6

We have studied the dielectric characteristics of low-k interlayer dielectric materials fabricated by PECVD for various precursor's flow rates. BTMSM precursor was introduced with the flow rates from 42 sccm to 60 sccm by 2 sccm step in the constant flow rate of 60 sccm $O_2$. The absorption intensities of Si-O-$CH_x$ bonding group and Si-$CH_x$ bonding group changed synchronously for the variation of precursor flow rate, but the intensity of Si-O-Si(C) responded asynchronously with the $CH_x$ combined bonds. The heat treatment reduced the FTIR absorption intensity of Si-O-$CH_x$ bonding group and Si-$CH_x$ bonding group but increased the intensity of Si-O-Si(C). The nanopore and free space formed by the increasement of caged link mode and cross link mode of Si-O-Si(C) group implied the origin of low-k SiOCH films.

Functional Independence Measure를 이용한 뇌졸중(腦卒中) 환자의 임상적 관찰

김민석,정승현,신길조,이원철,Kim, Min-Seok,Jung, Seung-Hyun,Shin, Gil-Cho,Lee, Won-Chul 대한한방내과학회 1998 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.19 No.1

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to investigate disability of the patients after stroke, clinical applicability and usefulness of the FIM in evaluating the functional abilities and to assess the characteristics of the patients after stroke. And this study examined difference by predictive factors on the treatment outcome. METHOD The study was composed of 31 stroke patients who were within 1 week after stroke and had been treated in hospital more than 4 weeks. Improving rate was measured by using the Functional Independence Measure(FIM), and the correlation was analyzed between Motor FIM and Cognitive FIM. We analyzed significant meaning statistically in the mean value of FIM. RESULT 1. There was no significant meaning statistically in the mean value of FIM that was between both at admission and after 2 weeks. But there was proportional correlation between both at admission and after 4 weeks, and significant meaning statistically. 2. There was proportional correlation between both FIM and Motor FIM, and significant meaning statistically. But there was no significant meaning statistically between both FIM and Cognitive FIM. 3. There was no significant meaning statistically between both FIM and sex, age, side of weakness, stroke subtype, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes mellitus, heart disease, starting point of rehabilitation therapy and past history of cerebral vascular accident. While dysarthria affected functional recovery in stroke patients, and significant meaning statistically. CONCLUSION 1. FIM appeared to be a valid and reliable method to measure the functional abilities of the patients after stroke. 2. Only one thing between Motor FIM and score didn't influence FIM score. 3. Dysarthria affected functional recovery in stroke patients, and it is the statistically significant factor.