Dissimilatory Nitrate Reduction Characteristics of Indigenous Soybean Rhizobia Distributed in Korea Soils

최영주,최용락,윤한대,유진창,이상규,조무제,Choi, Young-Ju,Choi, Yong-Lark,Yun, Han-Dae,Ryu, Jin-Chang,Lee, Sang-Kyu,Cho, Moo-Je 한국응용생명화학회 1986 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.29 No.2

연속적으로 대두를 재배한 토양과 신개간지 토양에서 재배한 대두 품종 단엽의 근류로부터 토착대두 근류근 87종을 분리하고 이들을 생장속도에 따라 Bradyrhizobium japonicum (slow-grower) 및 Rhizobium fredii (fast-grower)로 분류한 결과 전자가 55종, 후자가 32종이었다. 이두그룹의 대두 근류균을 질산염 환원특성에 따라 denitrifying fast-grower(F-1), nitrate respiring fast-grower(F-II), denitrifying slow-grower(S-I), 및 nitrate respiring slow-grower (S-II)로 세분 되었으며, 분리균주 총 87종중 S-I, S-II, F-I 및 F-II의 수는 각각 10, 22, 48 및 7종이었다. 이들 각 group 대두 근류균의 균체단백질의 전기영동 pattern상의의 차이를 1차 및 2차원 전기영동으로 분석한 결과 slow 및 fast-grower간에는 현저한 차이를 관찰할 수 있었으나 동일 생장속도를 가진 것 중 denitrifer와 nitrate repirer간에는 큰 차이가 없었다. Eightyseven strains of indigenous Rhizobia were isolated from the nodule of soybean cultivar, Danyup, cultivated in four different soils sampled from continuously soybean cultivated and newly reclaimed fields. The strains were grouped into Bradyrhizobium japanicum (slow-grower:55 strains) and Rhizobium fredii (fast-grower: 32 strains). The both groups could be divided into two sub-groups according to the denitrification characteristics, that is, denitrifying fast-grower (F-I), nitrate respiring fast-grower (F-II), denitrifying slow-grower (S-I). and nitrate respiring slow-grower (S-II). Among the 87 isolates, F-I, F-II, S-I and S-II sub-groups were 10, 22, 48 and 7 strains, respectively. The one-and two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic pattern of the four sub-groups were compared and discernible difference was observed between fast and slow-grower, but the difference was not discernible between subgroups within the same growth rate group.

안구운동장애를 동반한 눈꺼풀처짐 환자에서 실리콘줄을 이용한 이마근걸기술

최영주,김윤덕,Young-Joo Choi,Yoon-Duck Kim 대한안과학회 2008 대한안과학회지 Vol.49 No.4

Purpose: To determine the efficacy of frontalis sling operation with silicone rods in patients with compromised corneal protective mechanisms. Methods: The authors retrospectively studied 6 consecutive patients (7 eyelids) with severe blepharoptosis with poor ocular motility who had undergone frontalis sling operations using silicone rods. Results: Preoperative diagnoses included third nerve palsy in 4 patients, double elevator palsy in 1 patient, and suspicious oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy in 1 patient. With a mean follow‐up of 27.7 months, a good final lid height was achieved in all 7 eyelids. Mild exposure keratopathy occurred postoperatively in 3 patients. During the follow-up period, no other significant complications, such as extrusion of the sling or infection, occurred. Conclusions: Silicone rods are effective and safe materials for use in frontalis suspension in treating blepharoptosis in patients with inadequate or absent Bell’s phenomenon, resulting in poor eye protective mechanisms associated with an increased incidence of corneal exposure. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 49(4):548-554, 2008

아파트 거주자의 커뮤니티센터 시설 및 프로그램 만족도 -광주광역시 아파트를 중심으로-

최영주,김미희,Choi, Young-Joo,Kim, Mi-Hee 한국주거학회 2009 한국주거학회 논문집 Vol.20 No.5

The purpose of this study is to suggest the design guide-lines for the community center through the analysis of users' satisfaction on the community facilities and programs. This study was approached by using theoretical investigation, a field survey and a questionnaire survey. The field survey was analyzed the current situations by conducting a housing managers' interview and viewing a blueprint of the community center. The questionnaire survey was tested by examining five different apartment complexes of over 500 households in Gwang-ju, which were all built between 2005 and 2007, 268 users were interviewed for the questionnaire survey. After all the questionnaires were collected, the data was coded and analyzed using the SPSS 12.0 program. Statistics used from data analysis were frequencies, means, standard deviations, one-way ANOVA, t-test, and correlation analysis. To conclusion, the satisfaction and usage of community facilities and programs shows higher for the indoor exercise/sports; such as, yoga, golf, and health programs than others. There is no strong correlation between the location and layout of community facility in apartment complex. However, this study could be a reference data when planning a new community center where plans to have community facilities and programs to satisfy its future users.

안와 병변에 대한 감마나이프 방사선수술

최영주,이정일,김윤덕,Young-Joo Choi,M,D,Jung-Il Lee,M,D,Yoon-Duck Kim,M,D 대한안과학회 2008 대한안과학회지 Vol.49 No.4

Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of treating orbital lesions with gamma knife radiosurgery (GKS). Methods: Between April 2004 and January 2006, ten patients who had orbital tumors or vascular lesions and who underwent GKS were included in this retrospective study. Results: Ten patients with orbital lesions were treated with GKS. The group of orbital lesions consisted of 5 meningiomas, 2 schwannomas, 1 cavernous hemangioma, 1 arteriovenous fistula, and 1 adenoidcystic carcinoma of the lacrimal gland. The most common symptom was proptosis. The tumors were located at the orbital apex in eight patients, and five of these patients were treated with fractionated stereotactic radiosurgery. The mean cumulative marginal dose was 17.0 Gy (12-20 Gy), and the mean cumulative maximal dose was 30.8 Gy (16.2-40.4 Gy). The follow-up period ranged from 3 to 25 months (mean 13.9 months). During the follow-up period, magnetic resonance imaging revealed a decrease of tumor volume in 3 patients with symptomatic improvement. In two patients, tumor volume increased. No radiation-induced optic neuropathy, retinopathy, or cataract was observed in any of the 10 patients during the follow-up period. Conclusions: Gamma knife radiosurgery is an effective and relatively safe treatment when orbital lesions have a high risk of neurosurgical deficits with surgery, when they recur after incomplete resection, or when complete removal of tumor is impossible.

Tissue Specific Expression of Wound-Inducible RCaM-2 Promoter in Transgenic Tobacco Plants

최영주,Choi Young Ju Korean Society of Life Science 2005 생명과학회지 Vol.15 No.2

To study calmodulin (CaM) gene expression and its regulation, rice CaM promoter (RCaM-2) was isolated and fused to $\beta-glucuronidase$ (GUS), reporter gene. X-Glue staining patterns revealed that GUS localization is high in meristemic tissues such as the stem apex, stolen tip, and vascular regions. GUS staining in the transverse sections of stem and petiole was restricted to the inside of the vascular system, and cortex and epidermis located outside of the vascular system usually did not show GUS staining even a plant that expressed strong activity. GUS activity was found to be tissue specific expressed and exhibited a dramatic transient increase in response to wounding. These results suggest that the 5'-flanking region of RCaM gene regulates wound-inducible expression. Calmodulin 유전자의 발현 조절을 연구하기 위해, 벼 calmodulin promoter (RCaM-2)를 분리하여 GUS (report 유전자)에 융합하였다. GUS 활성은 정단조직, 근단 및 관다발 영역과 같은 성장조직에서 높게 발현되었다. 줄기와 페티올의 transverse 절단부위 GUS 활성은 관다발계의 안쪽에 제한되었으며 관다발계의 외부에 위치한 피층과 표피에서는 강하게 발현된 식물에서도 GUS 활성이 나타나지 않았다. GUS 활성은 어린 조직에서 특이적으로 발현되었으며 상처에 의해서 신속하게 증가하였다. RCaM-2 promoter는 세포분열이 왕성한 어린조직이나 생장점에서 강하게 발현되며 mechanical 신호에 의해서 현저히 유도되었다. 이러한 결과는 RCaM-2 유전자의 5'-flanking 영역이 상처에 의해서 유도되는 발현을 조절하는 것으로 추정된다.

질소고정균의 성장과 질소고정력에 대한 osmoprotectant 의 영향

최영주,갈상완 ( Young Ju Choi,Sang Wan Gal ) 한국응용생명화학회 1998 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.41 No.1

The Rhizobium and Azospirillum spp. were isolated from the root nodules of several leguminous plants and rhizosphere of various paddy rice varieties. The growth of the nitrogen-fixing strains isolated was largely inhibited in yeast extract-mannitol medium (AMA) containing 0.6 M NaCl. In response to osmotic stress, the nitrogen-fixing strains accumulate intracellular free glutamate. The growth and nitrogenase activity of Rhizobium and Azospirillum were increased by addition of osmoprotectants such as proline, glycine betaine, and glutamate during salt stress. Glycine betaine was the most effective among exogenous osmoprotectants tested. In the absence of sodium chloride, nitrogenase activity seem to be slightly decreased by the presence of the proline or glycine betaine. These results revealed that nitrogenase activity was repressed by fixed nitrogens such as proline or glycine betaine.

간접 광대전에 의한 서브 마이크론 입자의 단극하전 특성

최영주,김상수,Choi, Young-Joo,Kim, Sang-Soo 대한기계학회 2003 大韓機械學會論文集B Vol.27 No.6

A new unipolar aerosol charger was developed by using an indirect photoelectric charging. The charger consists of two coaxial tubes, the inner UV lamp wrapped with stainless mesh and the outer Al cylinder. In this study, the effects of flow rate, particle size, and electric field were examined to search the optimal charging conditions with experimental and numerical methods. Monodisperse NaCl particles were fed into an annular space and the particles were charged by negative ions generated from Al plate exposed to the UV light. According to experimental results, the average number of elementary charge on particles increases from 2.5 to 5.5 as particle size increases from 50nm to 130nm at 2.5 L/min and 100V. The average number of elementary charge on particles was maximized at 25V as the electric potential between the stainless mesh and Al plate was varied from 0V to 400V.

Two Types of Verbs Created with Concrete Nouns

Yoon-kyoung Joh(조윤경),Youngju Choi(최영주) 언어과학회 2017 언어과학연구 Vol.0 No.82

Clark and Clark (1979) claim that innovative denominal verbs in English select their meanings uniquely in a given context. However, recently, Choi (2016) suggests that Korean concrete-noun- hata verbs, which correspond to English denominal verbs, possibly select multiple meanings in one context. Adopting the relevance theory of Sperber and Wilson (1986) and Wilson and Sperber (2006), the paper demonstrates that Choi"s suggestion can also be applied to English denominal verbs. This paper also explains why most innovative denominal verbs in English seem to choose a single meaning in a given context. When verbs created with concrete nouns are less stable, they try to maximize cognitive effects by strengthening previously held assumptions and by eliminating false assumptions rather than adding more meanings.

그림책에 나타난 "독립"

최영주 ( Young Ju Choi ) 건국대학교 동화와번역연구소 2014 동화와 번역 Vol.28 No.-

본 논문에서는 어린이도서연구회에서 2011년 추천한 37세대상 그림책 119권중 ‘독립’의 문제를 다루고 있는 그림책 여섯 권을 비교하여 ‘독립’에 대한 문화를 비교하였다. 미국 작품 『괴물들이 사는 나라』, 『말괄량이 기관차 치치』, 『피터의 의자』와, 일본작품 『집나가자 꿀꿀꿀』, 『아기곰의 가을 나들이』, 『은지와 푹신이』를 첫째, 독립 시도의 원인, 둘째, 독립 시도 이후 나타나는 감정, 셋째, 독립시도에 대한 부모의 태도의 측면에서 비교하였다. 그 결과 세 가지 측면에서 모두 두 문화 간의 차이를 보였다. 첫째, 미국작품에서는 공통적으로 아동이 부모나 권위자와의 갈등 때문에 독립을 주체적으로 시도한 반면, 일본작품에서는 부모나 보호자 쪽에서 먼저 아동으로 하여금 독립하도록 요구한다는 점에서 차이를 보였다. 둘째, 두 문화에서 모두 독립 시도 이후 아동들이 분리 불안과 같은 불안이나 외로움을 느낀다는 공통점이 있으나 미국 작품에서는 본인이 시도한 독립이기 때문에 처음에는 자신의 주체적인 결정에 따라 행동하는 강인함을 보이지만, 일본 작품에서는 그러한 주체적 의지나 행동을 발견할 수 없다는 차이점이 나타났다. 일본 작품에서는 엄마와 가정을 벗어나면서 바로 새롭게 의존할 수 있는 대상을 찾아다니거나, 독립적으로 무엇인가를 해냈다는 것을 인정받기 위한 중압감이 크고, 의존의 대상과 늘 함께하고 있다. 셋째, 부모들의 독립에 대한 태도에도 차이가 있다. 미국 작품에서는 자녀가 독립 시도 이후 엄마를 그리워하고 집으로 돌아오면 변함없는 사랑으로 아이의 독립 시도를 지지하고 있음을 알 수 있다. 그러나 일본작품에서는 본인의 의지로 독립 시도가 이루어지지 않았기 때문에 아동의 입장에서 귀가에 대한 절박함이 있거나 임무를 독립적으로 수행하는 일에 절박하다. 그러한 차이점은 ‘자아’에 대한 해석이 문화적으로 다르기 때문인 것으로 해석된다. This study analyzed the theme of ``independence`` depicted in American and Japanese picture books and compared their representations of the journey to independence. Target books were three American and three Japanese picture books chosen among those recommended for 3 to 7year old children by the Study Group of Children``s Literature in 2011. The books were compared in terms of the motives of independence attempts, children``s emotions shown after the attempts, and parental attitudes towards the attempts. The target picture books exhibited substantial differences. In the American books, independence attempts were initiated by children themselves mainly due to conflicts with their parents or authorities but in the Japanese books, it was parents who asked the children to go outside. In American books, children first enjoyed their own choices when they went outside but in the Japanese books, they felt anxious just after they were separated from their mothers. Finally, in American books, parents showed warm welcome to their children when they returned home but in Japanese cases, parents sometimes were not visible when their children came back home or children``s happiness was more emphasized than that of their parents. The findings of this study support the claims by Markus and Kitayama (1991) related to cultural differences of ``selfconstrual.‘

디바이즈 공연 방법론과 미학에 관한 이론적 고찰

최영주 ( Choi Young-joo ) 한국연극학회 2017 한국연극학 Vol.1 No.62

본고는 공동 창작이나 디바이즈 제작 방식이 국내외를 망라하고 공연계에 확산되고 있는 상황에서 이에 대한 이론적 논의가 소통되고 있지 않다는 점에 주목하였다. 디바이즈란 공동 창작의 과정에서 퍼포먼스 양식의 표현 가능성을 탐색하기 위한 실천 방법이며, 이러한 사실에 초점을 맞추어 디바이즈를 관습에서 벗어나 새롭고 직관적이며 즉흥적인 표현 방식의 개발 전략으로 보고자 한 것이다. 이를 통해 본고는 비록 제한적일지라도 다양한 사례를 통해 반복되어 발견되는 방법론을 분석하여 일종의 플랫폼을 제시하는 것이 이론과 실천을 매개하는 하나의 방법이라고 보았다. 본고는 이러한 목적으로 시도된 디바이즈 제작 방법에 관한 하나의 담화라고 할 수 있다. 먼저 1장에서는 두 용어가 지닌 개념을 살펴보았다. 그리고 나서 2장에서는 두 용어를 중심으로 이루어진 역사적 양상에 주목하였다. 3장에서는 디바이즈의 방법론을 고찰하고, 태도와 전제, 리서치와 디자인, 리허설과 디바이즈 하기의 순차적 과정을 살펴보았다. 4장에서는 예술로서의 디바이즈를 구성하는 요건을 미학적 측면에서 분석하면서 창의적 발상과 연극성, 형식적 총합과 몽타주, 시적 승화로 나누어 분석하였다. Regarding the situation the numbers of the devised theatre are unprecedently increasing, it is noteworthy that its theoretical discourses are surprisingly scarce in Korea. This paper aimed to provide a methodology on how to advance the process and how to achieve an artistic value in devised theatre. Of course, devising itself is free activity as a creative and spontaneous intuition is, and rejects to be systemized. Nonetheless, it would be at least possible to find the recurrent method or strategy of the process in the individual production of devised theatre in spite of the limits. To construct a devising methodology with an aesthetic value, my paper followed four steps of research. The definition, the historical background, the methodology, and the aesthetic value. Firstly, I started with the definition that both collective creation and devised theatre. Then I could grasp that the collective creation or the devised theatre invited the members as subjects for their creative process. Also, I paid attention to the current situation that devised theatre and collective theatre have been using at the same time. Secondly, I tried to give an overview of the historical development of them. I found the terms of devising were frequently being used as the director participated in the rehearsal process with a text. In this, I proposed that devising could be a strategy to improve creative impetus in theatre production. Thirdly, I suggested how to proceed the devising process with the resources, which were collected from the former practices: the pre-requiring attitudes for devising, research and design, rehearsal and devising, the open rehearsal and first performance. I also emphasized the essentials of each process. Lastly, I suggested devising conditions are required to get artistic value. The creative thinking, the theatricality, the formal organic completion, the montage, and poetic sublimation are the four aspects to it. As mentioned above, I aimed to construct a methodology for the devised theatre. This would be deductive reasoning and arbitrary in some respect when considering the devising is getting more diverse and more complex. However, it can not be doubted that this study would add fuel for the practitioners to find more creative process based on this already explored road.