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嫌氣性 充塡塔內의 2段 連續 生化學反應에 關한 모델硏究
崔龍洙 건국대학교 1988 論文集 Vol.26 No.1
A mathematical model was developed for the estimation of effluent concentrations in an anaerobic filter. Effectiveness factors ??a, ??b for irreversible two step consecutive reaction with the nonlinear Monod kinetics were calculated numerically. The profiles of concentrations along filter height were predicted using calculated ??a, ??b. These profiles of calculated conceentrations were compared with those of experimental data. The calculated ??a and ??b were increased to be proportional to the filter height and approached to 1 at the upper levers of the filter. The difference between calculated and measured concentration was almost negligible at each case and the errors of the treatment efficiency of the ultimate effluents were about 10 percent.
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嫌氣-好氣와 好氣 條件에서의 徵生物 動力學的 因子 特性
윤현식,유도윤,이해승,신응배,최용수 漢陽大學校 環境科學硏究所 1996 環境科學論文集 Vol.17 No.-
본 연구에서는 활성 슬러지 반응조를 사용하여 기존의 호기조건과 혐기-호기조건에서의 미생물 성장과 기질이용에 관한 동력학적 인자를 각각 결정하여 상호 비교하였다. 2가지 조건에 대하여 일련의 bench-scale 반응조를 이용하여 SRT를 달리하였으며, 나머지 운전조건은 고정하여 연구를 수행하였다. 실험결과를 통하여 산정된 동력학적 인자들중 Y와 kd값은 혐기-호기공정이 기존 활성 슬러지 공정에 비해 낮은 값을 보이며, k값은 보다 큰 것으로 나타났다. 반면 각 고형물 체류시간에 대하여 유기물은 두 공정 모두 비슷한 제거효율을 보여주었다. 이와 같은 분석·평가 결과를 통하여 혐기-호기공정이 기존 활성슬러지 공정에 비해 슬러지 생산량이 적으며, 이로 인하여 처리·처분 비용이 절감될 수 있을 것으로 예상된다. Microbial kinetic coefficients in an activated sludge process are determined and evaluated under anaerobic-aerobic and aerobic conditions. During the tests for each conditions, sludge retention time is varied in series of bench-scale activated sludge units, with the other operating conditions being fixed. Among the biokinetic coefficients estimated from the tests, the maximum substrate yield coefficient ( ) and the endogenous decay rate ( ) for anaerobic-aerobic condition are higher than those for aerobic condition. and COD removal rates are nearly equal for both conditions. Therefore, the activated sludge process operated under anaerobic-aerobic condition produces less sludge to be wasted than under aerobic condition. This may result in cost savings due to the cost involved in sludge handling and disposal
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최용수,Choe, Yong-Su 한국상하수도협회 1997 水道 Vol.24 No.5
Sewage sludge produced in Korea was 1,275,800 tons (dewatered sludge cake) per year in 1996, which is 3,495 tons per day, 0.303% of 11,526,100 tons per day of sewage treated in 79 sewage treatment plants. Sludge production has been and will be increasing in accordance with construction of new facilities for sewage treatment. Most of the sludge is currently disposed by landfill and ocean dumping, but it is becoming difficult to find suitable sites for landfill, particularly in big cities such as Seoul. In addition, rapid increase of landfill cost is anticipated in a near future. Current trend for sludge disposal in advanced countries is land application. Over the past 10 to 20 years in the United States, sludge management practices have changed significantly, moving from disposal to beneficial use. They use biosolid for utilization instead of sludge for disposal. Under the Clean Water Act of 1972, amended in 1987 by Congress, the U.S. EPA was required to develop regulations for the use and disposal of sewage sludge. The EPA assessed the potential for pollutants in sewage sludge to affect public health and the environment through a number of different routes of exposure. The Agency also assessed the potential risk to human health through contamination of drinking water sources or surface water when sludge is disposed on land. The Final Rules were signed by the EPA Administrator and were published (Federal Register, 1993). These rules state that sewage sludge shall not be applied to land if the concentration of any pollutant in the sludge exceeds the ceiling concentration. In addition, the cumulative loading rate for each pollutant shall not exceed the cumulative pollutant loading rate nor should the concentration of each pollutant in the sludge exceed the monthly average concentration for the pollutant. The annual pollutant loading rate generally applies to applications of sewage sludge on agricultural lands. The most popular beneficial use of sewage sludge is land application. The sludge has to be stabilized for appling to land. One of the stabilization process for sewage sludge is lime stabilization process. The stabilization process is consisted of the stabilizing process and the drying process. Stabilization reactor can be a drum type reactor in which a crossed mixer is equipped. The additive agents are a very reactive mixture of calcium oxide and others. The stabilized sludge is dried in sun drier or rotary kiln.
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최용수,심미나,노승민,김경남 한국정보통신설비학회 2013 한국정보통신설비학회 학술대회 Vol.2013 No.1
컴퓨터의 개발과 통신(유선통신부터 유선통신까지)기술의 발전으로 인해 인간의 자료 습득, 저장, 처리 방법은 획기적으로 발전되어져 왔다. 컴퓨터 유선통신을 시작으로 발전된 기술은 개인용 휴대장치를 통화 무선통신으로 까지 발전되어지고 있다. 그중에서도 최근 음성 통화와 컴퓨터상의 많은 응용을 가능하게 하는 스마트폰이 개발되었으며 이제는 남 녀노소를 불문하고 스마트폰 사용자가 아니라면 문맹 에 가까운 취급을 받는다. 아직 상품으로 출시가 되지는 않았지만 구글 글라스는 강력한 검색 기능을 가진 착용형 스마트폰 형태로 구분 지을 수 있다. 하지만 스마트 기기의 보급에 따라 생성되는 프라이버시 또는 개인정 보의 보호라는 하찮게 느끼지만 매우 큰 영향력을 갖 는 관점에 대해 크게 다루어지는 않는 경향이 있다. 본 연구에서는 구글 글라스 체험 버전을 기준으로 프라이버시 침해요인을 예측해 보고 그에 대한 기술적, 관리적 방안을 모색한다.
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범용 DSP를 이용한 3 채널 디지탈 CVSD 전송율 변환기 개발
최용수,강홍구,김성윤,박영철,윤대희 한국통신학회 1997 韓國通信學會論文誌 Vol.22 No.2
This ppaer presents a bit-rate conversion system for efficient communications between 3 channel CVSD systems with different bit-rates. The proposed conversion system is implemented in the digital domain and specially, the conversion problem between 32 Kbps and 16 Kbps CVSD systems is studied. The conventional conversion system implemented in the analog domain allows signals to be easily degraded by external noises. To overcome this problem, a digital CVSD bit-rate conversion system robust to external noises is developed. the new systemdecodes CVSD bit sequences and converts sampling rates of decoded signals, then encodes signals at target bit-rates. Since linear phase property does not matter in this application, instead of FIR filters a IIR filter is employed to reduce the system complexity. Therefore, a 3 channel digital CVSD bit-rate conversion system was successfully real-time implemented using a general purpose DSP. In addition, conversion problems with unkown time constants were experimented and good experimental results were obtained.
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