반연속배양의 혼합균주에 의한 Benzene, Toluene 및 Phenol 혼합물 분해

오희목,김서인,이창호,서현효,이문호,고영희,윤병대 한국산업미생물학회 1994 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.22 No.4

Benzene, toluene 및 phenol을 각기 250 ㎎/ℓ 포함한 합성폐수에 혼합균주인 GE1을 접종하고 반연속배양에 의하여 군집의 안정을 이룬 후 방향족화합물의 생분해에 대하여 조사하였다. 미생물 무처리구인 대조구에서 75 ㎖/ℓ/min의 폭기에 의해 배양 24시간에 phenol은 37%, benzene은 83%가 휘발되고, toluene은 배양 12시간에 모두 휘발되었다. Benzene과 toluene의 생분해는 섬모상 고정화 담체를 설치한 SB(strains+biofilm) 처리구에서 효과적이며, phenol은 glucose를 첨가한 SG(strains+glucose) 처리구에서 보다 신속히 분해되었다. Benzene, toluene 및 phenol을 250 ㎎/ℓ 또는 1000 ㎎/ℓ 첨가하였을 때 SG 처리구는 16시간이나 32시간에 이들 화합물을 완전히 제거하였다. COD 제거율은 SG 처리구에서 초기에 80 ㎎/ℓ/h로 가장 높았으나, 증식된 균체량에 의하여 배양 12시간 이후에는 116∼140 ㎎/ℓ의 일정한 값을 보였다. 결론적으로 혼합균주 GE1은 benzene, toluene 그리고 phenol 등의 방향족화합물이 혼합된 산업폐수의 처리에 폭 넓게 사용될 수 있는 가능성을 보였다. The biodegradation of aromatic compounds by a mixed culture GE1 was investigated in an artificial wastewater containing 250 ㎎/ℓ of benzene, toluene, and phenol in semicontinuous culture. In the control group (no strains) with an aeration rate of 75 ㎖/ℓ/min, 37% of phenol and 83% of benzene were volatilized during early 24 hrs and toluene was disappeared form the medium within 12 hrs. The biodegradation of benzene and toluene was effective in SB (strains+biofilm) treatment, while phenol was degrade more quickly in SG (strains+glucose) treatment including glucose as an additional carbon source. Aromatic compounds added at a concentration of 250 ㎎/ℓ or 1000 ㎎/ℓ were completely removed by SG treatment after 16 hrs or 32 hrs, respectively. The removal rate of COD was high as much as 80 ㎎/ℓ/h in SG treatment during early period, but COD revealed a stable value of 116∼140 ㎎/ℓ after 12 hrs caused by increased biomass. Therefore, it is concluded that the mixed culture GE1 could be used for the wastewater treatment including aromatic compounds such as benzene, toluene, and phenol.

용설란 ( Agave Deserti Engelm ) 에 있어서 기공개폐와 공변세포내 K+와 Na+ 농도변화와의 관계 ( The Relationship Between Stomatal Behavior and K+ , Na+ Fluctuations of Guard Cells in CAM Plant , Agave Deserti E . )

오희목,장남기 한국잡초학회·한국잔디학회 1997 Weed & Turfgrass Science Vol.11 No.1

생물자원의 중요성과 국내외 동향 - KCTC 및 진균류 자원 소개 -

오희목,신기선 대한의진균학회 2008 대한의진균학회지 Vol.13 No.4

In 1985, the Korean Collection for Type Cultures (KCTC), a former organization of the Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology Biological Resource Center (KBRC), was officially approved by the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) as a gene bank node and became a member of the World Federation for Culture Collections (WFCC). The KBRC was also designated as an International Depository Authority (IDA) under Budapest Treaty in 1990. As a national bio-infra for biological resources, the main functions of the KBRC are 1) collection, preservation and distribution of biological resources, 2) research and development of core technologies for valuable bioresources, and 3) construction of local and international network of biological resources and information. As major activities in 2007, about 1,300 type and reference strains including bacteria, actinomycetes, yeasts, filamentous fungi, anaerobes, cell lines and patent strains were newly acquired and about 4,000 strains were distributed to academia, industries and research institutes. The KBRC published 49 papers regarding biological resources and described 18 new microbial species. Especially, a big progress was made in several aspects: establishment of the back-up depository system for over 3,300 patent strains, development of the barcode system for computerized and centralized management of biological resources, and structural remodeling. The KBRC is going to promote tighter networking among domestic and international culture collections, to strengthen the national depository system for bioproducts from research, and to emphasize research and development related to the collection and preservation of valuable biological resources. Consequently, the KBRC will expand its roles not only as a national infrastructure for life science and biotechnology but also as a fundamental basis of many industries in an era of bio-economy in the 21st century. In 1985, the Korean Collection for Type Cultures (KCTC), a former organization of the Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology Biological Resource Center (KBRC), was officially approved by the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) as a gene bank node and became a member of the World Federation for Culture Collections (WFCC). The KBRC was also designated as an International Depository Authority (IDA) under Budapest Treaty in 1990. As a national bio-infra for biological resources, the main functions of the KBRC are 1) collection, preservation and distribution of biological resources, 2) research and development of core technologies for valuable bioresources, and 3) construction of local and international network of biological resources and information. As major activities in 2007, about 1,300 type and reference strains including bacteria, actinomycetes, yeasts, filamentous fungi, anaerobes, cell lines and patent strains were newly acquired and about 4,000 strains were distributed to academia, industries and research institutes. The KBRC published 49 papers regarding biological resources and described 18 new microbial species. Especially, a big progress was made in several aspects: establishment of the back-up depository system for over 3,300 patent strains, development of the barcode system for computerized and centralized management of biological resources, and structural remodeling. The KBRC is going to promote tighter networking among domestic and international culture collections, to strengthen the national depository system for bioproducts from research, and to emphasize research and development related to the collection and preservation of valuable biological resources. Consequently, the KBRC will expand its roles not only as a national infrastructure for life science and biotechnology but also as a fundamental basis of many industries in an era of bio-economy in the 21st century.

發芽中 팥種子의 蛋白質 分解에 미치는 빛의 影響

權五溶,吳熙穆 忠南大學校 環境問題硏究所 1987 環境硏究 Vol.5 No.2

팥(Phaseolus angularis W.F. Wright)을 材料로 하여 發芽中인 種子의ㅣ 窒素代射에 있어 蛋白質分解作用의 일단을 究明하고저 發芽段階別로 암처리구에서 일어나는 形態的 變化, 生化學的 成分變化 등을 硏究하여 다음과 같은 結果를 얻었다. 1. 發芽過程中 子葉 및 뿌리와 條의 乾量, 기이 및 蛋白質含量과는 달리 뿌리와 條의 RNA 含量과 子葉의 生體量은 發芽段階別로 비교적 낮은 유의성 있는 차이를 보였으며, 뿌리와 條의 發芽段階別 生體量과 길이는 암처리구와 광처리구간에 고도의 유의성 있는 차이를 보였다. 측 식물체 부위에 따른 이러한 차이는 노화부위와 생장부위에서 일어나는 蛋白質分解 및 合成과 이에 관여하는 酸素活性의 차이에 의한 것으로 생각된다. 2. 發芽段階에 따른 子葉 및 뿌리와 條의 蛋白質含量과 RNA含量의 變化를 고려할 때 幼植物의 생장은 發芽過程 8일에 貯藏物質에 依存하는 생장에서부터 獨立된 영양단계로의 전환이 일어나는 것으로 볼 수 있다. 3. Amino 산의 조성은 子葉의 경우 glutamic acid, aspartic acid, leucine 및 arginine 含量이 높았으며, 發芽가 진행됨에 따라 aspartic acid의 含量比率이 증가하였다. 뿌리와 條에서는 aspartic acid, glutamic acid, aginine 및 lysine의 含量이 높았고, 특히 암처리구에서 transamination에 의한 lysine의 含量이 증가하였다. 따라서 빛은 특정 amino 산의 合成과 移動에 影響을 주는 것으로 思料된다. This study was carried out to research the effect of light on the protein degradation of germinating red bean (Phaseolus angularis) seeds by analyzing morphological and biochemical changes. The difference between RNA content and fresh weight of the cotyledon was relatively lower than any other variances (P<0.05), that is, the RNA of the cotyledon offered resistance to the hydrolysis of the stored materials in germinating red bean seeds. The fresh weight and the length of the dark-grown red bean seedlings significantly differed from that of the light-grown red bean seedlings (P<0.01). The developmental changes of RNA and protein content in germinating red bean seeds showed that the autotrophic phase appeared on 8 day after sowing. The cotyledon contained relatively high level of glutamic acid, aspartic acid, leucine and arginine. Especially, the content of aspartic acid gradually increased through the germination process. In root and shoot, the contents of aspartic acid, glutamic acid, arginine and lysine were relatively high and the increasing phenomenon of lysine content by transamination was observed. In view of these facts, it was assumed that light had affected on the synthesis of any specific amino acid.

Biodegradation of Benzne,Toluene, and Phenol by a Mixed Culture in Semicontinuous Culture

오희목,김성빈,이창호,서현효,이문호,고영희,윤병대,Oh, Hee-Mock,Kim, Seong-Bin,Lee, Chang-Ho,Suh, Hyun-Hyo,Lee, Moon-Ho,Kho, Yung-Hee,Yoon, Byung-Dae 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 1994 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.22 No.4

The biodegradation of aromatic compounds by a mixed culture GE1 was investigated in an artificial wastewater containing 250 mg/l of benzene, toluene, and phenol in semicontinuous culture. In the control group (no strains) with an aeration rate of 75 ml/l/min, 37% of phenol and 83% of benzene were volatilized during early 24 hrs and toluene was disappeared from the medium within 12 hrs. The biodegradation of benzene and toluene was effective in SB (strains + biofilm) treatment, while phenol was degraded more quickly in SG (strains + glucose) treatment including glucose as an additional carbon source. aromatic compounds added at a concentration of 250 mg/l were completely removed by SG treatment after 16 hrs or 32 hrs, respectively. The removal rate of COD was high as much as 80 mg/l/h in SG treatment during early period, but COD revealed a stable value of 116~140 mg/l after 12 hrs caused by increased biomass. Therefore, it is concluded that the mixed GE1 could be used for the wastewater treatment including aromatic compounds such as benzene, toluene, and phenol.

Growth and Amino Acid Contents of Spirulina platensis with Different Nitrogen Sources

오희목,김성건,윤병대,Aeran Choi 한국생물공학회 2003 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.8 No.6

The growth and amino acid contents of the cyanobacterium, Spirulina platensis strain NIES 46, were investigated using ammonium, nitrate, nitrite, or urea as the sole nitrogen source in a batch culture. Chlorophyll a concentration was highest at 2,096 mg/L in the nitrate group after 10 days of cultivation, while the dry weight of S. platensis was highest at 4.5 g/L in the ammonium group after 30 days of cultivation. The total amino acid content was highest at 174 mg/g dry weight of S. platensis in the urea group at the end of the cultivation period, yet the amino acid patterns for S. platensis were similar for all the experimental groups. Therefore, it seemed that the growth and amino acid composition of S. platensis varied depending on the type of nitrogen sources, while the amino acid patterns were not changed. Also, the most efficient harvesting time for S. platensis seemed to be approximately 10 days after cultivation.

부영양 수질에서 남조류의 일주성 수직이동

오희목,맹주선 인제대학교 낙동강환경연구소 1995 심포지움(인제대학교 부설 환경연구소 발표논문집) Vol.- No.4

부영양 수질에서 남조류의 우점과 수직이동의 원인을 규명하고져, 대청호에서 수화현상이 나타나는 시기에 수심에 따른 이화학적 수질, 생체량, 그리고 우점 조류종등을 분석하였으며, 실험실에서 Anabaena flos-aquae의 연속배양에 의한 인의 축적에 대하여 조사하였다. 용존 무기인과 총인은 표층과 심층간의 농도구배를 보였으며, 우점 조류종은 Microcystis sp.로 여름에 전체 식물플랑크톤 개체수의 95%이상을 차지하였다. Microcystis sp.는 10 - 14시에 약 40%가 수심 0.1 m의 표층에 분포하고 14시 이후에는 점차 심층으로 하강하여 6시에는 수심 4 m에 약 60%로 가장 많이 분포하며, 다시 표층으로 상승하는 수직이동의 양상을 보였다. 인-충분조건의 turbidostat에서 질소고정하는 A. flos-aquae는 여분의 인을 sugar-P로 저장하였다. 광포화에서 광제한 상태로 전환되면서 Q_p는 일시적으로 18 fmol/cell로 크게 증가하였다. 이것은 성충화된 부영양 수체에서 남조류가 수직하강에 의하여 심층에 풍부한 인을 흡수하여 축적할수 있음을 시사하는 것이다.

초청강연3 : 수계의 부영양화로 염려되는 위해 물질의 분자적 검출

오희목 한국환경농학회 2014 한국환경농학회 학술대회집 Vol.2014 No.-

Microcystis aeruginosa의 microcystin 생산에 미치는 질소와 인의 영향

오희목,이석준 인제대학교 낙동강환경연구소 1999 심포지움(인제대학교 부설 환경연구소 발표논문집) Vol.- No.8

세라믹담체를 이용한 페놀계 산업폐수의 생물학적 처리

오희목,구영환,안극현,장감용,고영희,권기석,윤병대 한국산업미생물학회 1995 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.23 No.6

고농도의 phenol과 formaldehyde를 주성분으로 하는 phenol계 산업폐수를 단계적으로 희석하면서, 혼합균주인 GE2와 세라믹담체를 적용하여 80일간에 걸쳐 생물학적으로 처리하였다. 실험구는 제지폐수 슬러지로 30일간 회분식 운전에 의해 적응시킨 대조구, 이것에 GE2를 첨가한 GE2 처리구 그리고 세라믹담체를 적용한 세라믹처리구로 구분하였다. 원폐수의 80배 희석으로 유입수의 COD_Mn이 1,140mg/l 인 경우 각 실험구의 유출수 COD_Mn은 22∼35mg/l로 큰 차이가 없었으나, 20배 희석의 경우 유입수의 COD_Mn이 4,800mg/l일 때, 대조구, GE2 처리구 그리고 세라믹처리구의 유출수 COD_Mn은 179, 128 그리고 94mg/l로서 세라믹처리구의 처리효율이 98.0%로 가장 높았다. 이때 유출수의 phenol 농도는 각기 10.71, 7.93 그리고 5.60mg/l으로 GE2 및 세라믹담체의 적용에 의하여 처리효율이 향상되었다. 한편, 희석배율이 낮아짐에 따라 COD_Mn과 phenol 처리효율에는 큰 변화가 없으나, 유출수의 COD_Mn과 phenol농도가 높아졌다. 따라서, 원폐수를 40배 희석하여 GE2와 세라믹담체를 첨가하여 처리할 경우 유출수의 COD_Mn과 phenol 농도가 32와 1.02mg/l로 수계의 방류수 수질기준에 충분히 적합한 생물학적 처리로 사료된다. A phenolic resin industrial wastewater containing about 41,000 mg/l of phenol and 2,800 mg/l of formaldehyde was biologically treated by a mixed culture GE2 immobilized on ceramic beads. This study was carried out with three experimental groups : Control-only added the sludge of papermill wastewater ; GE2 treatment-added GE2 to Control ; Ceramic treatment-applied ceramic carrier to GE2 treatment. When the original wastewater was diluted 80 times with aerated tap-water, influent COD_Mn was 1,140 mg/l and that of the effluent was in the range of 22∼35 mg/l, which was not much different among the experimental groups. However, at 20-times dilution, influent COD_Mn was 4,800 mg/l and the effluent COD_Mn of control, GE2 treatment and Ceramic treatment was 179, 128 and 94 mg/l, respectively. COD_Mn removal efficiency by Ceramic treatment was the highest, at 98.0%. At this time, the effluent phenol concentration of Control, GE2 treatment and Ceramic treatment was 10.71, 7.93 and 5.60, respectively. As the dilution times decreased, the removal efficiency of COD_Mn and phenol did not change much, but COD_Mn and phenol concentration of the effluent increased. Consequently, it is likely that the phenolic industrial wastewater containing phenol and formaldehyde can be biologically treated using a GE2 and ceramic carrier and that at 40-times dilution, the effluent completely meets the effluent standards for industrial wastewater treatment plant.