회화적 표상에 있어서 기호와 행위의 접근가능성과 회화적 가능 세계의 의미론(Ⅲ): 회화적 가능세계와 관련한 Langer적 존재의미론으비판 패러담을 중심으로

김복영 홍익대학교 1999 弘大論叢 Vol.31 No.-

The paper aims to survey some possibilities for a Langerian Ontological semantic paradigm to interpret the pictorial possible world with a supplement of the referential semantic paradigm, as far as the pictorial representation is concerned. For this, the study begins with an acquaintance that each of two paradigms is grounded upon a very different philosophical assumptions, and so their arguments are even contradictory. But two paradigms have some merits and charming points, respectively, 1 believe. Among them, there are some mutual complementary factors, too. Especially it is expected that the former's merit can have a certain factor to complete the latter's faults. This study has done with a manifest limitation, that of how to describe the aspects of possible world in pictorial representation through the eye of semantics of 'Reperesentational Attitude' suggested in Study(II), with several procedures : 1) Langer's symbolism and the essential of ontological semantic paradigm, 2) Differentiation from the referential semantic paradigm, and 3) Construction of the ontological semantic paradigm. The results, in view of paradigm approaches relevant to the Ontological Semantics, were acquired as follows : 1.Whereas the referential semantic paradigm's emphasis lies in the transcendental infrastructure of the pictorial representation, the ontological semantic paradigm emphasizes it's intrastructure or immanent structure. 2.Referential and ontological meaning of pictorial repersentation is but two aspects of the same representation. 3.Ontological semantic paradigm can, therefore, rightly cover an immanent structure of pictorial representation.

회화적 표상에 있어서 기호와 행위의 접근가능성과 회화적 가능세계의 의미론(Ⅱ) : 표상적 태도의 의미론 모형을 중심으로

김복영 홍익대학교 1979 弘大論叢 Vol.29 No.-

The Study(II) aims to construct an adequate practical semantic model for pictorial possible worlds shown in the researcher's previous Study(I). The main focus lies in how to treat the modality aspects and multiple intentionalities of the picture system. So, broadly, the study(II) strives extendedly after Theory of Symbol Action in the light of Semantics of Pictorial Possible Worlds. For this, the researcher's best model was thought to be a Semantics of Representational Attitude. Here the main problems are of two sorts; one is to contain the above mentioned interpretative aspect and multiple intentionalities within the whole structure of representation, the other to specify the multi-dimensional levels of the whole structure for the description of complex representational predicate Wf[Rxsa] under modal operator ◇S. The levels proposed are as follows: 1) The first level is to articulate and analize informations selectively. 2) The second level is to synthesize informations as a whole on the conscious level. 3) The third level is to characterize informations and to calculate it syntactically on the unconscious level. Here, further more problems must seem to be remained: one is to certify our Representational Attitude as compared with other models of Semantics such as Informational and Cognitive Semantic models, the other how to select and articulate possible worlds as a painterly dimension, and to synthesize them on the levels of the conscious and the unconscious. I will elaborate them through my next Study(III).

사람태아 간적혈구형성에 따른 간세포의 변화

박영양,김경용,이원복,김동창 중앙대학교 의과대학 의과학연구소 1992 中央醫大誌 Vol.17 No.1

The ultrastructural development of fetal liver cells according to the activity of hepatic erythropoiesis was studied with 15 human fetal livers from 7 to 34 weeks of gestation. 1) The 1st state(7-8 weeks of gestation) : The nucleus of hepatocyte was oval with granular euchromatin evenly dispersed throughout the interior and prominent nucleoli. The hepatocytes often exhibited many mitochondria and short dilated rERs but no sERs and glycogen deposit. Two types of reticulum cells with intracellular organells developed with close relation with erythropoietic cells. The nucleus of the 1st type was similar with that of hepatocyte and the cytoplasm was full of well-developed multiayered rERs and numerous mitochondria. The nucleus of the 2nd type was irregular and has high electron-dense nucleoplasm. and the cytoplasm was packed with more developed multiayered rERs and oval mitochondria. 2) The 2nd state(9-22 weeks of gestation) : Most of hepatocytes differentiated well and exhibited numerous mitochondria and free ribosome, 5 to 6 layered rER, glycogen deposit, and there were sppearance of sER and hemosiderin in the cytoplasm. With age, the 2nd type reticulum cell became the majority and had more glycogen deposit and less rER. The space of Disse was well-developed but the sinusoidal wall still immature. 3) The 3rd state(23-34 weeks of gestation) : The majority of hepatocytes were mature cells. Reticulum cells, greatly decreasing with age, exhibited increasing lipid storage and decrease of mitochondria and rER. In summary, the maturation of hepatocyte and activity of reticulum cell may influence the hepatic erythropoiesis.

이산화탄소에 의한 메탄 개질반응에서 니켈계 담지촉매의 탄소 침적에 관한 연구

조영복,선우창신,김상채,유의연 全南大學校 觸媒硏究所 1998 觸媒硏究 論文集 Vol.20 No.-

The reforming of methane by carbon dioxide is studied over nickel based catalysts, which compared the influence of the support in catalyst activity and carbon deposition. The experiments were carried out at atmospheric pressure using a fixed bad flow reactor. The catalytic activity and carbon deposition is influenced by support. The Ni/α-Al₂O₃showed high methane conversion. The Ni/La₂O₃ showed high methane conversion, but the reactor was plugged in 15 h. The carbon deposition was observed in all nickel based catalysts. Compared to Ni/α-Al₂O₃, Ni/La₂O₃, catalyst showed higher whisker carbon formation. Whisker carbon was not observed in the Ni/MnO₂. The carbon deposition of the nickel based catalysts increased in the order MnO₂〈SiO₂〈α-Al₂O₃〈TiO₂〈La₂O₃. The carbon deposition on the catalysts was affected by reaction conditions such as temperature, molar ratio(CO₂/CH₄).

메탄에 의한 이산화탄소 개질반응에서 니켈 촉매의 반응특성

조영복,김상채,유의연 전남대학교 촉매연구소 2000 觸媒硏究 論文集 Vol.22 No.-

A study on the reaction characteristics of nickel catalysts for carbon dioxide reforming of methane was performed. The experiments were carried out at atmospheric pressure using a fixed bed flow reactor. Effects of reaction parameters on catalytic activity and carbon deposition were investigated. The carbon deposition on the catalysts was affected by reaction conditions such as temperature, molar ratio (CO2/CH4). While the formation of coke was increased as the reaction temperature increase, it was reduced above 700℃ by reverse Boudouard reaction, which is known to cause the vaporization of carbon.

니켈 담지촉매상에서 메탄의 이산화탄소 개질반응 : 담체 및 조촉매에 의한 탄소침적

조영복,김상채,유의연 전남대학교 촉매연구소 2000 觸媒硏究 論文集 Vol.21 No.-

The reforming of methane by carbon dioxide is studied over nickel based catalysts, which compared the influence of the support and promoter on catalyst activity and carbon deposition. The experiments were carried out at atmospheric pressure using a fixed bed flow reactor. The carbon deposition was observed in all nickel based catalysts. The results of TEM/EDS showed that the forms of the deposited carbon revealed filamentous carbon and encapsulated carbon. In the Ni-K/Al2O3, its activity was maintaned over 72 hours at 700℃ without deactivation. Any type of the coke deposition was not observed on Ni-K/ Al2O3 catalyst.

메탄에 의한 이산화탄소 개질반응의 탄소침적에 관한 연구

조영복,김상채,유의연 全南大學校 觸媒硏究所 2002 觸媒硏究 論文集 Vol.23 No.-

A study on the carbon deposion of nickel catalysts for carbon dioxide reforming by methane was performed. The experiments were carried out at atmospheric pressure using a fixed bed flow reactor. The results of TEM/EDS showed that the forms of the deposited carbons were filamentous carbon and encapsulated carbon. The deposited carbon on Ni/TiO_2 revealed only encapsulated carbon. The deactivation of Ni/TiO_2 catalyst was mainly resulted from the encapsulated carbon. Encapsulated and filamentous carbon were found on Ni/α-Al_2O_3, compared to the Ni/TiO_2. The deposited carbon on Ni/La_2O_3 revealed mainly filamentous carbon. In spite of the large amount of coke formation on Ni/La_2O_3, filament carbon did not deactivate the catalyst. Using TPH results, two types of coke have been identified. One was more reactive carbidic carbon at lower temperature peak, the other was less reactive graphite one at higher temperature peak.

Ca^(2+)-감수성 증가기전과 평활근 수축

이연리,김보경,최원호,김태경,이창권,배영민,조성일 건국대학교 의과학연구소 2004 건국의과학학술지 Vol.14 No.-

Smooth muscle contraction is regulated by intracellular Ca^(2+) ([Ca^(2+)]_(i)) and the phosphorylation of myosin light chain (MLC). However, various kinds of vasoconstrictors induce a further contraction at a given [Ca^(2+)]_(i), and elicit a sustained contraction under Ca^(2+) -depleted conditions, referred to as "Ca^(2+) -sensitization", in intact and membrane-pen-neabilized smooth muscle. Previously, several molecules, including protein kinase C (PKC), RhoA, and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), have been suggested as candidate regulators of Ca^(2+) -sensitization. In the present review, we describe the role of PKC, RhoA, and MAPK in the regulation of Ca^(2+) -sensitization, and suggest a new model in research for the regulation of smooth muscle contraction.

울산ㆍ온산 지역 토양 중의 중금속 분포 특성

고영국,오영희,김영복,정기호 부산대학교 환경문제연구소 1999 環境硏究報 Vol.17 No.1

大學綜合試驗 出題에 關한 硏究

卞烘圭,吳鎭坤,申鎔鎭,金泳喆,鄭求福,柳哲鍾,洪允杓 全北大學校 1977 論文集 Vol.19 No.-

The Comprehensive Examination for the undergraduate students is planned to adopt the Jeonbug National University for the purpose of enhancing the quality of its educational outputs. In order to effectively measure and evaluate the level of student progress toward the minimun standard as the students who have finished their general education and basic education for their major field study, the university has decided to make an item pool related to the subjects for the examination. This study is an attempt to make good items of five required courses among general education subjects which are Korean Language, English, Korean History, National Ethics. and Natural Science and are expected to be the subjects of the examination. Instead of making those items separately from the regular examination during the academic semesters, the university plans to collect and use good items from the usual mid-term and final examinations of those subjects. A key concern, in this study, therefore, is to analyze all the items used for the mid-term and final examinations of those subjects during the regular academic semesters. From the data of an about 100 sample in each subject at each time of total three tests, the difficulty index, discrimination index, the response rate of students on each item, and other general descriptive statistics are calculated and then good items are pooled for the future use for the Comprehensive Examination. Anhother important concern in this study is this study is given to the collection and analysis of controversial issues and problems on the process of operating the examination at other universities where the Comprehensive Examination is already adopted. The data from four institutions and from opinions of six participants of this study are used. The following main findidings are summarized : 1. The items have generally shown to be easy while the degree of discrimination is low. 2. Among the five subjects, Korean Language shows the highest rate of right answer (difficulty index) while English the strongest one in the discrimination index. 3. When comparing two types of test between the multiple choice and the short-answer, the latter seems to be powerful in both difficulty and discriminative. 4. The only one question of essay type test reveals clear limitations in scoring and evaluating students progress. 5. All items are constructed under the consideration of content-referenced base, not of the basis on behavioral aspect. 6. The analysis of issues and problems related to the Comprehensive Examination suggests that it is acceptable to test in terms of required subjects of general education and a few most basic subjects of major areas of study. 7. The examination can be functionally operated when it is held at the end of the first year of and before the beginning of the second year of the college years. The length of the examination is usally held from three to five hours. 8. Since the examination should be existed on the idea of criterion-referenced base rather than of norm-referenced one because of its testing the qualification of the entering behavior of students for the further study in their major field, the standard of the pass-and-failure should be set on at least 60 percent of correct answers in each subject. But there must be provided at least two additional opportunities for the make-up examination for those who failed in the first one. 9. A special committee must be established in order to deal with all the details related to the Comprehensive Examination.