Characterization of cricket song patterns and the behavior observation of Teleogryllus emma (Orthoptera:Grylloidea)

Ji Chang Woo,Kim Nam-Jung,Lee Sang-Guei,Hwang-Yong Kim,Choi Hoon-Sik,Song In-Sun,Ko Jee Sun 한국응용곤충학회 2010 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2010 No.05

We analyzed the chirp sound and behavior of Teleogryllus emma with observation system, which was consisted of computer, ccd-camera and microphone. Computational methods of wavelet transformation and Self-Organizing Maps (SOM) were utilized to characterized the chirp sound of insect species for automatic counting in this study. Wavelets were initially applied to feature extraction of the chirp sound. Wavelet coefficients were accordingly calculated based on the basis function (e.g., Morlet). The obtained coefficients were subsequently provided to count number of chirps in each song. Sound structure of insect specimens consisted with long chirp and short chirp and the patterns of song were grouped by frequency of long chirp and short chirp. The song patterns of insect specimens were divided by Self-Organizing Map (SOM) that was used number of chirp as input data. Application of computational methods to automatic detection of chirp sound was further discussed for obtaining objective assessment in behavior science.

붕어입 모양 절개를 이용한 미세혈관문합술

송상용,하범준,박영진 大韓成形外科學會 1998 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.25 No.7

There are various methods of anastomosing or attaching the two ends of a severed blood vessel together. The most popular method is suturing, but it is tedious and time-consuming, has a tendency to leak between suture sites, and requires special training in microvascular surgery. Other anastomosis methods such as mechanical devices, tissue adhesives, lasers and modified suturing also have problems in achieving easy, reliable and fast anastomosis, and high patency rate. We developed a new eversion method to eliminate some of the current problems by allowing a quicker, simpler, and more reliable method of attachment. Our method consists of fish-mouth incision to the severed ends of vessels parallel to the vascular direction simultaneously accompanied by 2 stitches to the top of the incised vessels to obtain complete eversion and intima-to-intima contact. In this study, four clinical methods of attachments were compared; group 1, conventional interrupted suture, group 2, fish-mouth incision method with fibrin glue, group 3, fish-mouth incision with continuous horizontal mattress suture, group 4, fisy-mouth incision with angulated vascular ligating clips. We compare the patency rate and time required for anastomosis. histological changes(postoperative 1 week, 3 weeks) were also investigated to illustrate the endothelial regeneration, hyaline degeneration, microthrombus, and microaneurysm of anastomosis site. All the groups has similar high patency rate(p > 0.05). But, there was significant difference in anastomosing time among conventional suture method(group 1; average 45 minutes) and other methods(group 2; average 24 minutes, group 4; average 18 minutes). Especially, using fish-mouth incision with ligating clips, we could shorten the anastomosing time extremely. Microscopically, we found the relatively smooth healing surface of the anastomosis site with less hyaline degeneration, microthrombus, and microaneurysm in the groups using fish-mouth incision with fibrin glue and with ligating clip compared to conventional suture group. With fish-mouth incision method, possible advantages include consistent eversion of intima producing a continuous intimal surface within the lumen, tight sealing of the vascular edges, and minimal leakage. Moreover, operative time by using fibrin glue and ligating clip was significantly shorter and the patency rates were similar to the conventional suture method.

한국대학생의 도덕사태 개념화 및 그 변화과정에 관한 연구(II)

송명자,조용하,설기문,김상윤 東亞大學校 學生生活硏究所 1992 學生硏究 Vol.20 No.-

This study aims to analyze the moral judgmental levels and the conceptions of transgressions of Korean college students in a series of multifacted events and the aspects of change in terms of moral judgmental level and conceptualizastion after with two years' college experience. The study was based on the Kohlberg's cognitive moral development theory and on the domain-distinction model in which children's intuitive abilities are stressed. This study was consisted of two sub-studies done in 1989 and 1991 respectively. The subjects of the 1st year study were 416 college students in four major cities(Seoul, Taegu, Kwangjoo, and Pusan). The subjects of the longitudinal analysis of second year study were 199 college students who could be followed up among the subjects of the 1st year study after two years. The instruments used in this study were Test of Moral Judgmental Development and Test of Conceptualization on Mulifaceted Events developed by the authors on the basis of Kohlberg's and Turiel's theories respectively. The following conclusions were obtained through the basis of the results and discussions of this study. First, Korean college students' false responses to moral issues decrease but the radical and anti-social responses increase after two years, and ther these responses are replaced by the level Ⅲmoral judgmental responses. Second, college students who are on the higher moral judgmental level conceptualize the transgression in social conventional and personal domains less permissible than those on the lower levels do. The students who are on the lower judgmental level reveal the decrese of nonpermissibility in social conventional domain with two years' college experience than those on the higher level do.

대전 기존도심의 보행자 공간 기본 구상

宋容浩,李相이 忠南大學校 地域開發硏究所 1998 地域開發論叢 Vol.10 No.-

This research aims to propose the pedestrian space at old downtown in order to activate the existing CBD in Taejon. The first part reviews the urban problems happened in modern metropolitan and meaning of pedestrian space as an effective & economic method renovating urban environment. The second part reviews the traffics & activities, the traffic control system, and the renovation scheme of the pedestrian space. The conclusions are as follows; 1) To be successful pedestrian space bases on the control of traffics and the resolution of district traffic at the old downtown. 2) The old downtown area needs to be made as a pedestrian zone so that urban activities will be strengthen with new added functions 3) The concept of pedestrian zone based on human life must be adopted to the whole city in the future.

Ca^(2+)―작동성 Cl^-전류에 미치는 이차 전령들의 효과

송인섭,이무열,방효원,엄대용,이상돈 중앙대학교 의과대학 의과학연구소 1993 中央醫大誌 Vol.18 No.3

The anion movements across the cell membrane were regarded as apart of passive distribution according to the cation movements. Recently, from the developement of patch clamp technique new concept for anion channels were introduced. And their roles in the genesis of action potential and resting potential were noticed. So we clarified the existence of the chloride channel in the smooth muscle cells and studied its nature in regard to the roles of the second messangers. We used the whold cell voltage clamp technique to study the current responses induced by carbachol application in the circular smooth muscle cells of the gastric antrum of the rabbit. The results were as follows; 1. Application of the carbachol induced the increase of inward currents in the hyperpolarized potential ranges, and the increase of outward currents in the depolarized ranges. 2. Even in the cases of blocking all the known currents, these current components were observed. 3. Sodium ion removel from the external medium rarely affected these current responses, and the addition of cadmium ion did not make any remarkable change. 4. Known second messangers such as c-AMP, c-GMP, heparin, A1F_4 rarely affected these current components. 5. Lowering of intracellular calcium ion concentration drastically reduced these current responses. Form the above results we can suggest that the carbachol induced current responses contained chloride currents which were activated by only intracellular calcium ion, not by any other second messegers in the gastric antral smooth muscle cells.

인체 유방암종에서 Cyclic-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor, p27^Kip1 발현의 의의

송상용,김덕환,서연림,고영혜,김대식,남석진,양정현 대한병리학회 1998 Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine Vol.32 No.12

L'Homme machine의 분석

송상용 서울대학교 교양과정부 1971 論文集 Vol.3 No.-

The purpose of this paper is to examine Lamettrie's views on soul, man-machine, the concept of life, religion, and nature as expounded in his L'Homme machine. The emphasis is on the nature of his materialism which has been understood as metaphysical. For Lamettrie muscular irritability is the evidence of the materiality of the soul. However, he can be called a vitalist, because irritability is not a mechanical substance but an innate force, it is sought strictly in the organism. Lamettrie, thus, initiated a vitalism at the biological level which was followed by ide'ologues and subsequent French physiologists. Vartanian's claim that the man-machine idea is a scientific hypothesis is without good evidences. It seems, however, probable that Lamettrie thinks it was scientifically proven, for it is based on the data drawn from the latest research. He realized the limitation of his man-machine thesis, but it is obviously dogmatic from the modern point of view. Polyp's ability to reproduce itself from each of its severed parts is seen by Lamettrie as a revelation of the self-ordering creativity of nature. The apparent designs is inherent in life itself without the help of any supernatural intelligence. Lamettrie's materialism is by no menas scientific, but he is less dogmatic than d'Holhach or Haeckel in that he never established a metaphysical system. The crudeness of his man-machine idea is understandable, if we consider the situation in which he had to work before Lavoisier, thus without modern chemistry and scientific physiology, Many evidences show that Lamettrie should be included in the naturalistic tradition.

마늘 및 2,3-Dimercaptosuccinic acid의 投與가 姙娠白鼠의 카드뮴中毒에 미치는 影響에 關한 硏究

宋泰卜,裵恩相,廉容泰 고려대학교 의과대학 1987 고려대 의대 잡지 Vol.24 No.1

Recently the garlic has been proved to have some protective effect on the heavy metal poisoning of cadmium and mercury in several studies. From this fact it may be assumed that the garlic would have a protective effect to the toxicity of heavy metals in pregnant rat also. Therefore this study was designed to confirm the effect of garlic on the toxicity of cadmium in the pregnant rat and its fetus. The result of it was compared with that of 2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA). The experimental groups were devided into 3 groups; cadmium-alone treated group, cadmium-garlic combined treated group, cadmium-DMSA combined treated group. Each group was composed of 3 sub-groups according to the dosage of cadmium injection. The total of 4㎎/kg, 8㎎/kg and 16㎎/kg of cadmium was injected subcutaneously at the back of pregnant rat in each subgroup for 4 days, from the 14th to the 17th day of gestational period. Garlic and DMSA were administered per os from the day before cadmium injection to the 21st gestational day. The results of this study were as follows: 1. The inhibition of fetal growth due to cadmium administration into pregnant rat was prohibited in cadmium-garlic or cadmium-DMSA combined treated group except for the 16㎎/kg cadmium injected subgroups. 2. The accumulation of cadmium in tissues of liver, kidney and blood of pregnant rat, placenta and fetus was increased according to the increase amount of cadmium injection in all 3 experimental groups. Garlic and DMSA decreased the cadmium levels of maternal liver, kidney and blood, but there was no significant difference of cadmium level between garlic and DMSA treated group. 3. Garlic decreased the accumulation of cadmium in tissues of placenta and fetus, but it was not significant statistically comparing with that of DMSA or no-treatment group. Correlations of cadmium levels among maternal blood, placenta and fetus were positively high. 4. Necrosis of proximal convoluted tubules with pyknosis of epithelial cells was observed extensively in fetal kidney of cadmium-alone treated rat. However, the necrosis of the tubules was found only in small numbers of the tubules in cadmium-garlic combined treated one, but there was no remarkable change in cadmium-DMSA combined treated rat comparing with cadmium-alone treated one. As a conclusion this study revealed that the garlic would reduce the accumulation of cadmium in maternal tissues and protect against the toxic effect of cadmium at fetus in context of the growth inhibition and histopathological damage of kidney, but would not attribute the interfering the transportation of cadmium through placental barrier.

추골동맥 손상을 동반한 안면과 경부의 관통성 외상 치험예

송우식,김인권,이상현,황윤정,안정용 대한악안면성형재건외과학회 2001 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.23 No.5

With the exception of gun shot wound, the incidence of penetrating injury of face and neck areas nonorganic foreign bodies is relative low. But the diagnostic evaluation and therapeutic management of penetrating facial wounds need careful decision, when the anatomic proximity of the major vessels and nerve is considered. Penetrating facial trauma with concomitant vascular injury present challenging problems, the immediate complication of this vascular injury are severe bleeding, hematoma formation, shock, obstruction of airway. The vascular injury is conformed by angiography. In this reprort, a industrial tool(long tack) fired by explosive air is penetrated into face and to neck. In angiograms penetrating injury of the vertebral artery is detected. We performed the embolization of the vertebral artery with coils and manual removal of the foreign body without any complication was followed.

장관에서의 액체 이동에 미치는 히스타민의 작용에 관한 연구

송태호,김형근,엄대용,이상돈 중앙대학교 의과대학 의과학연구소 1975 中央醫大誌 Vol.1 No.1

In vitro perfusion experiment was done to observe the effects of histamine on the transport of fluid from capillary into the intestinal lumen of rabbits weighing 2-2.8㎏. After performing the control perfusion with an artificial perfusate, histamine was added to the perfusing solution at a concentration of 1 ㎍/50ml perfusate and perfusion experiment was repeated. Mean capillary pressure (Pc), precapillary resistance(Ra), postcapillary resistance(Rv) and total tissue resistance (Rt) were calculated from the measured data of isogravimetric capillary pressure (Pci), arterial pressure (Pa), venous pressure (Pv), venous flow rate (Qv), luminal flow rate (Q_L) and weight of the intestinal loop. Decreased Pci from 19.5㎜ Hg of the control group to 15.2㎜ Hg of the histamine group had resulted from increased capillary permeability. And increased Pc was observed in the histamine group compared to the control due to the decrease in pre-to-postcapillary resistance ratio in the histamine perfused loop. Decreased Rt in the histamine group was also responsible in facilitating the fluid movement from capillary to intestinal lumen in addition to the effect of increased Pc. When Pc and Q_L were plotted linear relationships were observed and the slope of the histamine group was steeper than that of the control indicating increased volume movement "coefficient" in the histamine group.