자기공명 분석법을 이용한 백서 피판의 대사에 대한 연구

이윤,이대근,임태환,윤근철,고경석,이춘신,정복성 대한성형외과학회 1992 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.19 No.3

Innumerable techniques have been used to measure, index, or predict the viability of skin flaps after elevation. However, these are largely indirect and don't accurately reflect the events that occur at kthe cellular level. A method was sought that gives direct, reproducible, and accurate data about physiological and biochemical changes that occur during flap elevation. Because of its ability to monitor changes in the levels of high energy phosphorus metabolites(ATP, or adenosine triphosphate, PC or phosphocreatine, Pi or inorganic phosphate), 31-P magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) holds promise of providing direct assessment of the metabolic status and biochemical changes that occur during skin flap elevation. MRS monitoring was performed on three portions of raised random pattern skin flaps of 5 rats. The spectrometer used for 31-P nuclear magnetic resonance analysis was a Bruker Biospec(4.7 Tesla) system, and a modified surface coil constructed of two layers of copper coil was used. The results have validated the ability of 31-P MRS to : 1. define the regional flxes in the levels of ATP, PCr, and Pi in skin flaps. 2. demonstrate that, of these, PCr levels represent the most sensitive indicator of flap well being. 3. measure intracellular pH through the chemical shift of the Pi resonance. 4. establish predictive correlations between profile of normal, compromised, and failing skin flaps and have thus prepared the way for noninvasive in vivo topical magnetic resonance investigations of flaps.

An Exploratory Study of Preservice Teachers and Their Self Efficacy Beliefs as Teachers of English Language Learners

Lee,Yong-Jik,Davis,Robert 한국외국어교육학회 2018 한국외국어교육학회 학술대회 자료집 Vol.2018 No.-

Students who speak languages other than English comprise a growing population in U.S. schools. As a result, many general education teachers find English language learners (ELLs) in their mainstream classrooms. However, they are often inadequately prepared to work with culturally and linguistically diverse students, resulting in a need for better ELL preparation of mainstream teachers (de Jong & Harper, 2005). Teacher self-efficacy beliefs (TSEB), or teacher perceptions of their confidence and preparedness, can provide important insights relevant to teacher professional development and preparation in teacher education programs. TSEB is defined as a self-assessment of the competence to perform a specific task within a certain context, or a judgement of the ability to perform a desired activity (Tschannen-Moran & Hoy, 2001). Recognizing the importance of investigating TSEB, this dissertation examines elementary preservice teachers and their preparation to work with ELLs through microteaching activities. Two research questions guided this study: 1) What are the self-efficacy beliefs of preservice teachers about teaching ELLs before and after microteaching experiences, and 2) how do four preservice teachers construct their self-efficacy beliefs regarding teaching ELLs through microteaching experiences? The data—consisting of surveys (n=55), individual interviews with preservice teachers (n=4), classroom observations and lesson plans—were analyzed with the use of thematic analysis (Braun & Clarke, 2006). Findings indicated that the self-efficacy beliefs of preservice teachers were enhanced after having participated in ESL microteaching experiences. However, the data also revealed that the preservice teachers still felt some anxiety and emotional concerns about teaching ELLs. Moreover, their self-efficacy beliefs varied by ELL characteristics (situational factors) and setting (contextual factors). Results further revealed that three factors shaped the construction of TSEB, namely ELL-related knowledge from course work, field experiences working with ELLs, personal and professional exposure to linguistic and cultural diversity, including their own language learning experiences. Inquiries about the influence of purposeful field placements and ESL microteaching experiences for teacher candidates in settings with culturally and linguistically diverse students can yield valuable insights. Future studies of teacher preparation coursework for preservice teachers that embed linguistically responsive theories and practices can inform teacher candidates as they strive to enhance their preparation and self-efficacy beliefs for ELLs (Lucas & Villegas, 2013).

한국형 목격자 메타기억척도의 타당화 연구

이재규(Jae-Kyu Lee),이기은(Gi-Eun Lee),Renan Benigno Saraiva(Renan Benigno Saraiva ),Robert A. Nash(Robert A. Nash ),Lorraine Hope(Lorraine Hope ),이장한(Jang-Han Lee) 한국자료분석학회 2024 Journal of the Korean Data Analysis Society Vol.26 No.2

본 연구는 목격자 식별의 신빙성을 객관적이고 정량적으로 평가할 수 있는 목격자 식별 맥락에 특화된 메타기억 측정 도구인 목격자 메타기억 척도(Eyewitness Metamemory Scale)를 국내 실정에 맞게 타당화하였다. 이를 위해 만 19세 이상 60세 미만 362명을 대상으로 응답을 수집하여 원판의 개발 이전 초기 35개 문항에 대한 문항 분석, 요인분석, 수렴 및 변별타당도 분석, 신뢰도 분석을 실시하였다. 문항분석 및 요인적재량을 기준으로 원판의 개발 이전 초기 35개 문항 중 10개 문항을 제거한 25개 문항을 추출하였으며, 최종적으로 25개의 문항을 사용하여 확인적 요인분석을 실시한 결과 한국형 목격자 메타기억척도가 원판과 동일한 3개 요인 구조를 가지고 있음을 확인하였다. 또한 적절한 수렴 및 변별 타당도와 내적합치도를 보여 한국형 목격자 메타기억척도가 타당한 도구임이 확인되었다. 이러한 결과는 본 연구에서 타당화한 한국형 목격자 메타기억척도가 국내 범인식별절차 간 법적 의사결정을 보조할 수 있는 수단으로서 역할을 할 수 있음을 지지하며, 목격자 식별 맥락에서 메타기억의 문화적인 비교를 바탕으로 연구를 수행할 수 있는 기초 정보로써 제공될 수 있을 것이다. This study validated the Eyewitness Metamemory Scale, developed for the specific context of eyewitness identification, under Korean conditions. Data from 362 participants between the ages of 19 and 60 were subjected to item analysis, factor analysis, convergent and discriminant validity and reliability using the original 35 items. After extraction, 25 items were retained, 10 items were removed and 3 new items were added. Factor analysis confirmed the three-factor structure of the Korean version, which reflected the original scale and achieved a reasonable model fit. Adequate convergent and discriminant validity, as well as internal consistency, supported the reliability and validity of the Korean Eyewitness Metamemory Scale. These findings confirm the utility of the Korean Eyewitness Metamemory Scale as a tool to aid legal decision-making in the Korean criminal identification process and provide a basis for cross-cultural metamemory research in the context of eyewitness identification.

Measuring sleep quality after adenotonsillectomy in pediatric sleep apnea.

Lee, Seung Hoon,Choi, Ji Ho,Park, Il Ho,Lee, Sang Hag,Kim, Tae Hoon,Lee, Heung Man,Park, Hee-Kwon,Thomas, Robert J,Shin, Chol,Yun, Chang-Ho Triological Foundation [etc.] 2012 The Laryngoscope Vol.122 No.9

<P>The aim of this study was to demonstrate postoperative changes in sleep quality in children with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), using both conventional sleep staging and electrocardiogram-based cardiopulmonary coupling (CPC) analysis. The hypothesis is that being electroencephalography (EEG)-independent, CPC may detect changes in sleep quality that traditional sleep architecture analysis cannot.</P>

IL-6 receptor 관 defines effector memory CD8+ T cells producing Th2 cytokines and expanding in asthma.

Lee, Naeun,You, Sungyong,Shin, Min Sun,Lee, Won-Woo,Kang, Ki Soo,Kim, Sang Hyun,Kim, Wan-Uk,Homer, Robert J,Kang, Min-Jong,Montgomery, Ruth R,Dela Cruz, Charles S,Shaw, Albert C,Lee, Patty J,Chupp, Ge American Lung Association 2014 American journal of respiratory and critical care Vol.190 No.12

<P>Cytokine receptors can be markers defining different T-cell subsets and considered as therapeutic targets. The association of IL-6 and IL-6 receptor 관 (IL-6R관) with asthma was reported, suggesting their involvement in asthma.</P>

Targeting insulin-like growth factor-I and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3 signaling pathways. A novel therapeutic approach for asthma.

Lee, Hyun,Kim, So Ri,Oh, Youngman,Cho, Seong Ho,Schleimer, Robert P,Lee, Yong Chul The Association 2014 AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY CELL AND MOLECULAR Vol.50 No.4

<P>Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I has been recognized to play critical roles in the pathogenesis of asthma, whereas IGF-binding protein (IGFBP)-3 blocks crucial physiologic manifestations of asthma. IGF-I enhances subepithelial fibrosis, airway inflammation, airway hyperresponsiveness, and airway smooth muscle hyperplasia by interacting with various inflammatory mediators and complex signaling pathways, such as intercellular adhesion molecule-1, and the hypoxia-inducible factor/vascular endothelial growth factor axis. On the other hand, IGFBP-3 decreases airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness through IGFBP-3 receptor-mediated activation of caspases, which subsequently inhibits NF-κB signaling pathway. It also inhibits the IGF-I/hypoxia-inducible factor/vascular endothelial growth factor axis via IGF-I-dependent and/or IGF-I-independent mechanisms. This Translational Review summarizes the role of IGF-I and IGFBP-3 in the context of allergic airway disease, and discusses the therapeutic potential of various strategies targeting the IGF-I and IGFBP-3 signaling pathways for the management of asthma.</P>

LONG-TERM PHOTOMETRIC BEHAVIOR OF THE ECLIPSING BINARY GW CEPHEI

Lee, Jae Woo,Youn, Jae-Hyuck,Han, Wonyong,Lee, Chung-Uk,Kim, Seung-Lee,Kim, Ho-Il,Park, Jang-Ho,Koch, Robert H. American Institute of Physics 2010 The Astronomical journal Vol.139 No.3

<P>New CCD photometry over four successive years from 2005 is presented for the eclipsing binary GW Cep, together with reasonable explanations for the light and period variations. All historical light curves, obtained over a 30 yr interval, display striking light changes, and are best modeled by the simultaneous existence of a cool spot and a hot spot on the more massive cool component star. The facts that the system is magnetically active and that the hot spot has consistently existed on the inner hemisphere of the star indicate that the two spots are formed by (1) magnetic dynamo-related activity on the cool star and (2) mass transfer from the primary to the secondary component. Based on 38 light-curve timings from the Wilson-Devinney code and all other minimum epochs, a period study of GW Cep reveals that the orbital period has experienced a sinusoidal variation with a period and semi-amplitude of 32.6 yr and 0.009 days, respectively. In principle, these may be produced either by a light-travel-time effect due to a third body or by an active magnetic cycle of at least one component star. Because we failed to find any connection between luminosity variability and the period change, that change most likely arises from the existence of an unseen third companion star with a minimum mass of 0.22 M<SUB>☉</SUB> gravitationally bound to the eclipsing pair.</P>

Emotional Robots Controlled By Music

Robert Lee,Brian Dong-jae Lee 한국음악교육학회 2016 학술세미나 및 연수회 Vol.2016 No.-

Ever since 2000, researchers have been elaborating different methods that robots can enlighten people’s lives, starting from simply carrying out labor to giving mental pleasure and comfort. Fusing with music allowed people to mobilize robots with MIDI(Musical Instrument Digital Interface); thus developing many other educational contents. The purpose of this research is to find the possibilities when both the hardware from mechanical and engineering studies and the software from musical studies are used in order to come up with a STEAM based program.

Analysis of Lignin-Hydrolysate Toxicity with Escherichia coli Biosensors

Robert J. Mitchell,Yun-Jie Lee,Sun-Mi Lee,Joo-Myung Ahn,Dae Haeng Cho,Youngsoon Um,Yong Hwan Kim,Man Bock Gu,Byoung-In Sang 한국생물공학회 2008 한국생물공학회 학술대회 Vol.2008 No.4

Sub-gaussian Techniques in Obtaining Laws of Large Numbers in $L^1$(R)

Lee, Sung-Ho,Lee, Robert -Taylor The Korean Statistical Society 1994 Journal of the Korean Statistical Society Vol.23 No.1

Some exponential moment inequalities for sub-gaussian random variables are studied in this paper. These inequalities are used to obtain laws of large numbers for random variable and random elements in $L^1(R)$.