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IMT-2000 위성통신 시스템에서 폐쇄루프 전송 다이버시티 기법의 성능 분석
오관명,김학성,김산해,이경규,이원철,신요안 崇實大學校 2000 論文集 Vol.30 No.1
In this paper, we apply a close loop transmit diversity scheme to IMT-2000 satellite systems, and investigate the performance of the scheme in both ideal and more realistic situations. We verify that the performance of the closed loop transmit diversity scheme is quite sensitive to errors in feedback information. However, we also show that the number of quantization bits for feedback information does not significantly affect the system performance when considering the feedback of phase information only. In addition, 2-bit quantized system achieves the better performance than 4-bit quantized system in terms of slot error rate.
김명관 ( Myeong Gwan Kim ),김주미 ( Ju Mi Kim ),오도교 ( Do Kyo Oh ),태유리 ( Yoolee Tae ),장주연 ( Chuyoun Chang ),김재현 ( Jae Hyun Kim ) 한국산림경제학회 2022 산림경제연구 Vol.29 No.2
산림일자리는 노동집약적 특성과 함께 서비스 산업 등 다양한 형태의 일자리가 창출될 수 있는 잠재력이 큰 분야이다. 본 연구는 일자리 문제가 이슈화된 외환위기 시대의 김대중 정부에서 문재인 정부에 이르기까지 산림일자리정책이 역사적으로 어떠한 변동과정을 거쳐 산출되었는지, 시대적 상황에서 어떠한 역할과 성과를 창출해 냈는지를 Kingdon의 다중흐름모형을 활용하여 분석하였다. 그 결과, 첫째, IMF 외환위기, 경제위기, 코로나19 팬데믹이 정책결정자로 하여금 일자리문제를 해결해야 할 문제로 인식하게 한 주요 요인이 되었다. 둘째, 정책혁신가로서 역할을 한 주체는 산림청과 시민사회, 학계가 각 정권별로 주도를 달리했다. 셋째, 산출된 정책은 시대적 변화에 따라 정책혁신가의 개입으로 다시 보완, 개선되어 한단계 상향된 버전의 정책으로 재산출 되었다. 그 결과 정책의 창이 열렸고 산림복지, 휴양, 교육 등의 산림복지서비스 일자리가 확대되었고, 산림분야 사회적경제 활성화를 통해 지역과 연계된 새로운 일자리가 창출되었다. 결론적으로 산림정책이 산촌과 지역의 문제를 해결하고 이를 통해 지역의 활력을 도모하며, 실질적인 도움을 주기 위해서는 시민사회와 파트너십을 통한 사회적 가치를 추구하는 산림일자리정책이 운영되어야 한다. 이상의 내용을 바탕으로 향후 산림일자리정책의 효율성과 성과를 높이기 위한 정책 제언을 하였다. Forest job is a field with great potential to create various types of jobs, such as service industries, along with labor-intensive characteristics. This study analyzed how Korean forest job policy has been changed historicaly and edtablished, and what kind of roles and achievements have been created from the Kim Dae-jung administration when foreign exchange crisis and the job issue occurred, to the Moon Jae-in administration using Kingdon’s Multiple Streams Framework. The study results are as follows. First, the IMF foreign exchange crisis, the economic crisis, and the COVID-19 pandemic became a major factor that made policy makers recognize the job issue as a problem to be solved. Second, the Korea Forest Service, civil society, and academia which played as role as policy innovators was different byeach government. Third, the established policy was supplemented and improved again with the intervention of a policy innovator according to the changes of the times, and it was re-produced as an upgraded version of the policy. As a result, a window of policy was opened, and jobs in forest welfare services such as forest recreation, and education were expanded, and new jobs linked to the region were created through the revitalization of the social economy in the forest sector. In conclusion, in order for forest polices to solve problems in mountain villages and regions, promote regional vitality, and provide practical help, forest job policies which pursue social values through partnerships with civic groups should be operated. Based on the above, policy recommendations were made to improve the efficiency and performance of future forest job policies.
대장 폴립형 선종과 비교한 편평 선종의 임상 및 병리학적 특성과 악성화 빈도
지명관 ( Myeong Gwan Jee ),김현수 ( Hyun Soo Kim ),김원호 ( Won Ho Kim ),김태일 ( Tae Il Kim ),박동일 ( Dong Il Park ),김영호 ( Young Ho Kim ),김효종 ( Hyo Jong Kim ),변정식 ( Jeong Sik Byeon ),양석균 ( Suk Kyun Yang ),이문성 ( Mo 대한장연구학회 2005 Intestinal Research Vol.3 No.2
목적: 대장 선종의 육안형태에 따른 악성화 가능성은 초기 연구에 있어 편평 선종이 폴립형 선종에 비해 조기 대장암이나 고도 이형성의 동반율이 높다고 보고되었으나 최근 연구들은 육안형태에 따른 차이가 없음을 보고해 논란이 있다. 본 연구는 전향적 다기관 연구를 통하여 국내 대장 편평 선종의 임상병리학적 특성을 폴립형 선종과 비교하고 악성화 가능성의 지표인 고도 이형성이나 조기암의 동반을 결정하는 위험인자를 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2003년 7월부터 2004년 7월 까지 국내 11개 대학병원에서 전 대장내시경 및 폴립 절제술을 받은 4,412명 중 선종으로 진단된 3,360명(평균 나이:57.3세, 남자:2,383명, 여자:977명)을 대상으로 육안 형태 및 병리학적 기준에 따라 대장의 편평 선종군과 폴립형 선종군으로 구분하였다. 양 군에서 임상병리학적 특성을 비교하였고 악성화 가능성의 지표로 고도 이형성과 조기 암의 동반에 관련된 위험 인자를 알아보고자 성별, 연령, 대장 선종의 크기, 위치, 융모 선종의 함유여부, 육안 형태의 여러 요인에 대한 다변량분석을 시행하였다. 결과: 3,360명의 선종 환자 중 편평 선종은 207명으로 6.2%를 차지하였다. 편평 선종은 폴립형 선종에 비해 크기가 컸으며(10.6 mm vs. 9.2 mm, p<0.01) 고령에서(59.6세 vs. 57.1세, p<0.01) 우측 대장(49% vs. 32%, p<0.01)에 호발하였다. 그러나 성별, 체질량 지수, 동반 선종의 개수나 분포는 양 군간에 차이를 보이지 않았으며 육안형태에 따른 진행성 선종이나 암의 동반빈도에 차이를 보이지 않았다(5.4% vs. 4.6%, p=0.36). 다변량분석 결과 대장 선종의 악성화 가능성은 육안형태에 따른 차이는 없었으며 대장 선종의 크기가 11 mm 이상인 경우(OR 6.8, 95% [CI], 4.8-9.7)와 좌측 대장에 위치한 경우(OR 1.6, 95% [CI], 1.1-2.5) 위험도가 증가하였다. 결론: 국내에서 대장의 편평 선종은 고령의 환자에서 우측 대장에 호발하므로 선별검사로서 대장내시경이 유리하며 악성화 가능성을 결정하는 위험인자는 대장 선종의 육안형태가 아니라 선종의 크기와 위치임을 알 수 있었다. Background/Aims: Colorectal flat adenomas have been a topic of debate in the view of malignant potential. The aims of this study are to investigate the clinicopathological features of flat adenomas compared to that of polypoid adenomas and to identify the determinants for malignant transformation in colorectal flat and polypoid adenomas. Methods: This was a prospective, cross sectional study of 3,360 patients who diagnosed as adenomas via total colonoscopy and polypectomy at 13 tertiary medical centers between July 2003 and July 2004. Potential risk factors for malignant transformation were analyzed. Results: Out of 3,360 adenomas, 207 (6.2%) were flat adenomas and 3,153 (93.8%) were polypoid adenomas. The patients with flat adenoma were older (59.6 vs. 57.1, p<0.01) and more frequently located in the right colon than polypoid adenomas (49.3% vs. 32.0%, p<0.01). The incidence of high grade dysplasia or cancer in flat adenomas was similar to that of polypoid adenomas (5.4% vs. 4.6%, p=0.36). Multivariate analysis revealed that the size ≥11 mm (OR 6.8; 95% CI 4.8-9.7) and location of adenoma in the left colon (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.07-2.38) were significant determinants for malignant potential of colonic adenoma. Conclusions: Clinicopathological determinants for malignant potential in colorectal adenomas were not gross morphology but size and location of adenoma. (Intestinal Research 2005;3:127-132)
Clinical outcomes of acute myocardial infarction with occluded left circumflex artery
Kim, Sung Soo,Choi, Hong Sang,Jeong, Myung Ho,Cho, Jeong Gwan,Ahn, Young Keun,Kim, Jong Hyun,Chae, Shung Chull,Kim, Young Jo,Hur, Seung Ho,Seong, In Whan,Hong, Taek Jong,Choi, Donghoon,Cho, Myeong Cha Elsevier 2011 Journal of cardiology Vol.57 No.3
<P><B>Summary</B></P><P>Left circumflex artery (LCX) related acute myocardial infarction (AMI) has been known to be under diagnosed with 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG). However, there were only a few studies that have focused on the clinical characteristics of LCX-related AMI. We studied the clinical characteristics and hospital mortality in patients with angiographically confirmed LCX-related AMI. A total of 2281 AMI patients with single acutely occluded culprit vessel in coronary angiography (pre-Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction flow: 0) were enrolled in the Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry (KAMIR) from November 2005 to January 2008. These patients were divided into three groups according to culprit vessel [left anterior descending artery (LAD), right coronary artery (RCA), and LCX]. This study showed the patients with LCX-related AMI were less likely to present with ST elevation in ECG (46.3%, 87.0%, and 82.3%; <I>p</I><0.001) and primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) (43.4%, 78.9%, and 74.5%; <I>p</I><0.001) and door to balloon time <90min (31.3%, 52.8%, and 51.0%; <I>p</I><0.001), compared with LAD and RCA. However, no statistical difference was found in hospital mortality among the three groups. Multivariate analysis showed primary PCI decreased the hospital mortality in patients with occluded coronary artery. In conclusion, AMI patients with an occluded LCX presented with less ST elevation and primary PCI. These results suggest that clinical physicians should be careful with patients presenting with chest pain but apparently normal ECG and must rule out LCX occlusion.</P>
( Inna Kim ),( Min Chul Kim ),( Keun Ho Park ),( Doo Sun Sim ),( Young Joon Hong ),( Ju Han Kim ),( Myung Ho Jeong ),( Jeong Gwan Cho ),( Jong Chun Park ),( Myeong Chan Cho ),( Jong Jin Kim ),( Young 대한내과학회 2018 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.33 No.6
Background/Aims: Chest pain is an essential symptom in the diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). One-third of patients with ACS present atypically, which can influence their receiving timely lifesaving therapy. Methods: A total of 617 NSTEMI patients from the Korea Acute MI Registry (KAMIR) and the Korea Working Group on MI (KorMI) databases were analyzed. The study population was divided into two groups by symptoms at presentation (typical symptoms group, 128; atypical symptoms groups, 128). Results: In this study population, 23% of patients presented without chest pain. After propensity score matching, the contact-to-device time (2,618 ± 381 minutes vs. 1,739 ± 241 minutes, p = 0.050), the symptoms-to-balloon time (3,426 ± 389 minutes vs. 2,366 ± 255 minutes, p = 0.024), and the door-to-balloon time (2,339 ± 380 minutes vs. 1,544 ± 244 minutes, p = 0.002) were significantly higher in the patients with atypical symptoms than in those with typical symptoms, respectively. Atypical symptoms were an independent predictor for 1-year mortality (hazard ratio, 2.820; 95% confidence interval, 1.058 to 7.515; p = 0.038). The Kaplan-Meier estimates showed higher risk for 12-month mortality in patients with atypical symptoms (p = 0.048) and no significant difference for 12-month major adverse cardiac events (p = 0.487). Conclusions: Acute myocardial infarction patients with atypical symptoms were not rare in clinical practice and showed a high risk of delayed reperfusion therapy. After imbalance between the groups was minimized by use of propensity score matching, patients who presented atypically had a high mortality rate.