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Kwack, Mi Hee,Kim, Moon Kyu,Kim, Jung Chul,Sung, Young Kwan Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2010 Experimental dermatology Vol.19 No.12
<P><B>Abstract: </B> Recent studies suggested that dihydrotestosterone (DHT)‐driven alteration in the autocrine and paracrine factors may be a key to androgen‐potentiated balding. Also, we recently claimed that DHT‐inducible dickkopf‐1 (DKK‐1) is one of the key factors involved in the androgen‐potentiated balding. Here, we investigated whether I‐ascorbic acid 2‐phosphate (Asc 2‐P), a derivative of I‐ascorbic acid, could attenuate DHT‐induced DKK‐1 expression in dermal papilla cells (DPCs) from balding scalp. We observed that DHT‐induced DKK‐1 mRNA expression was attenuated in the presence of Asc 2‐P as examined by RT‐PCR analysis. In addition, we found that DHT‐induced activation of luciferase reporter activity was significantly repressed when Asc 2‐P was added together with DHT. Moreover, Asc 2‐P repressed DHT‐induced DKK‐1 protein expression as examined by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Although there will be many hurdles to apply our finding to actual remedies, these results suggest that it would be worthy to evaluate Asc 2‐P or its derivatives for the treatment and prevention of androgen‐driven balding.</P>
Mi Hee Kwack,Sun Young Hwang,In Seok Jang,Sang Uk Im,김진오,김문규,김정철,Young Kwan Sung 대한암학회 2007 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.39 No.1
Recent studies have shown that Dickkopf-1 (DKK-1) is overexpressed in some tumors, including hepatocellular carcinoma. However, the role of increased DKK-1 in these tumors is not known. In this study, the DKK-1 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines was evaluated and the effect of DKK-1 overexpression in HCC cell lines was studied.Materials and Methods: The expression of DKK-1 in hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines was evaluated by RT-PCR. Stable cell lines that overexpressed DKK-1 were established. Cell growth, adhesion, migration and invasion assays were performed.Results: RT-PCR analysis showed that 5 out of 8 HCC cell lines expressed DKK-1. The forced expression of DKK-1 suppressed the growth of cells and increased the population of cells in the sub-G1 phase. In addition, DKK- 1 reduced the cellular adhesion capacity to collagen type I and fibronectin, and it increased migratory capacity. However, overexpression of DKK-1 did not increase the invasion capacity of the HCC cell line.Conclusion: Collectively, our data suggest that overexpression of DKK-1 affects the biology of HCC cells. (Cancer Res Treat. 2007;39:30-36)
Kwack, Mi Hee,Ahn, Ji Sup,Kim, Moon Kyu,Kim, Jung Chul,Sung, Young Kwan The Society for Investigative Dermatology, Inc 2012 The Journal of investigative dermatology Vol.132 No.1
Autocrine and paracrine factors are produced by balding dermal papilla (DP) cells following dihydrotestosterone (DHT)-driven alterations and are believed to be key factors involved in male pattern baldness. Herein we report that the IL-6 is upregulated in balding DP cells compared with non-balding DP cells. IL-6 was upregulated 3 hours after 10–100 nM DHT treatment, and ELISA showed that IL-6 was secreted from balding DP cells in response to DHT. IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) and glycoprotein 130 (gp130) were expressed in follicular keratinocytes, including matrix cells. Recombinant human IL-6 (rhIL-6) inhibited hair shaft elongation and suppressed proliferation of matrix cells in cultured human hair follicles. Moreover, rhIL-6 injection into the hypodermis of mice during anagen caused premature onset of catagen. Taken together, our data strongly suggest that DHT-inducible IL-6 inhibits hair growth as a paracrine mediator from the DP.
외생 에틸렌 처리 후 저장 온도에 따른 키위프루트 ‘감록’, ‘헤이워드’, ‘골드원’, ‘제시골드’ 과실의 후숙 특성
신미희(Mi Hee Shin),곽용범(Yong-Bum Kwack),김윤희(Yun-Hee Kim),김진국(Jin Gook Kim) 한국원예학회 2018 원예과학기술지 Vol.36 No.5
본 연구는 국내 육성 품종에 대한 적절한 수확 후 관리 방법을 구명하고자 외생 에틸렌 처리 후 저장 온도에 따른 키위프루트 과실 후숙 특성에 대해 조사하였다. 실험에 사용된 품종은 ‘감록’, ‘골드원’, ‘제시골드’ 등 세 가지 국내 육성 품종과 뉴질랜드 육성 품종인 ‘헤이워드’ 과실을 이용하였으며, 외생 에틸렌 처리는 A. deliciosa와 A. chinensis 두 가지 종으로 나누어 각각 1,000μL·L<SUP>-1</SUP>과 100μL·L<SUP>-1</SUP> 농도로 24시간 처리하였다. 외생 에틸렌 처리 후 과실을 5, 15, 20°C의 3가지 온도로 저온 챔버에 저장하며 과실 품질 변화를 조사하였다. 외생 에틸렌 처리 후 저장 온도에 따른 과실의 품질 변화는 저장온도가 높을수록 빠르게 변화되었다. 20와 15°C에 저장한 ‘감록’ 과실은 각각 처리 후 6일째, 9일째에 가용성 고형물 함량이 18°Brix 이상으로 증가하였고, ‘헤이워드’ 과실은 각각의 온도에서 3일 정도 늦게 고형물 함량이 증가하였다. ‘골드원’과 ‘제시골드’ 과실은 20와 15°C에 저장 시 9일째와 12일째 고형물 함량이 최대치에 도달하였다. 산함량 감소는 ‘감록’ 과실에서는 20와 15°C에서 모두 3일후에 1%에 도달하였으나, ‘헤이워드’, ‘골드원’, ‘제시골드’ 과실은 15°C에서는 20°C 저장 시보다 산함량 감소가 지연되었다. 4품종 모두 과육과 과심의 연화속도는 20°C > 15°C > 5°C순으로 조사되었다. 호흡률과 에틸렌 발생량은 경도 저하와 유사한 경향을 보였다. 4품종 모두 5°C 저장 과실은 30일째까지 뚜렷한 후숙현상을 보이지 않았다. 본 연구 결과, ‘감록’이 ‘헤이워드’에 비해 저온 저장 시 품질 유지 기간이 짧다는 것을 확인하였으며, 대체로 품질 유지 기간이 짧은 A. chinensis 품종들과 다르게 ‘골드원’과 ‘제시골드’ 과실의 품질 유지 기간이 ‘헤이워드’와 유사하다는 것을 확인하였다. 본 연구는 키위프루트 품종에 따른 과실 후숙 특성을 이해하고, 국내 육성 품종의 수확 후 관리에 필요한 중요한 정보가 될 것으로 생각된다. This study aimed to understand the fruit ripening characteristics according to kiwifruit cultvars and investigate the post-harvest management method appropriate for cultivar grown in Korea. In the experiment, fruit ripening characteristics were investigated according to storage temperature after exogenous ethylene treatment. The cultivars of kiwifruit used in the experiments were as follows: 3 domestic cultivars (Actinidia deliciosa ‘Garmrok’, A. chinensis ‘Goldone’ and ‘Jecy Gold’) and a New Zealand cultivar (A. deliciosa ‘Hayward’). The experiments were performed with the kiwifruit classified as two different species: A. deliciosa and A. chinensis. The exogenous ethylene was treated with A. deliciosa and A. chinensis at 1,000 μL·L<SUP>-1</SUP> and 100 μL·L<SUP>-1</SUP> for 24 hours, respectively. After the treatment, the fruits were stored in the low temperature chamber at three different temperatures of 5, 15, and 20°C. Quality changes of fruit were occurred more rapidly at higher storage temperature. Soluble solids content (SSC) was 18°Brix for ‘Garmrok’ kiwifruits stored at both 20°C and 15°C at 6 and 9 days of storage, respectively., The SSC of ‘Hayward’ kiwifruits was increased by three days later at all three storage temperatures compared to ‘Garmrok’ kiwifruits. The highest SSC values for ‘Goldone’ and ‘Jecy Gold’ kiwifruit were recorded at 9 and 12 days of storage at 20°C and 15°C, respectively. Titratable acidity (TA) of ‘Garmrok’ kiwifruit was 1% at both 20°C and 15°C at 3 days of storage. However, the decreasing of TA of ‘Hayward’, ‘Goldone’, and ‘Jecy Gold’ kiwifruits at 15°C storage was delayed compared to TA of kiwifruits at 20°C. Deceasing of kiwifruit firmness was higher with the increasing storage temperatures in an order of 5°C, 15°C, and 20°C for all kiwifruit cultivars used in the experiment. Further, higher respiration rate and ethylene production was recorded at high storage temperature for all cultivars. The ripening characteristics were not observed from kiwifruits from all four cultivars until 30 days of storage at 5°C. Based on the findings in this study, it was determined that ‘Garmrok’ kiwifruit retained their quality for a shorter period of time than the ‘Hayward’ kiwifruit during low-temperature storage, and unlike A. chinensis cultivars, which generally have a short quality retention time, the ‘Goldone’ and ‘Jecy Gold’ cultivars showed quality retention properties, similar to that of the ‘Hayward’ kiwifruit. Our findings in this study are valuable to understand the fruit ripening characteristics of kiwifruit for different varieties and for post-harvest management of domestic cultivars.
‘골드원’, ‘제시골드’ 키위프루트 과실의 에틸렌 처리에 따른 과실 후숙 및 관련 유전자의 발현
신미희(Mi Hee Shin),곽용범(Yong-Bum Kwack),김윤희(Yun-Hee Kim),김진국(Jin Gook Kim) 한국원예학회 2019 원예과학기술지 Vol.37 No.1
본 연구는 외생 에틸렌 처리에 따른 키위프루트 과실의 후숙 특성을 이해하고, 국내 육성 품종에 대한 적절한 수확후 관리 방법을 구명하고자 실시하였다. 국내 육성품종인 ‘골드원’과 ‘제시골드’ 두 품종을 대상으로 외생 에틸렌 0, 10, 100μL·L<SUP>-1</SUP>의 세가지 농도로 처리하여 과실의 품질 변화, 세포벽 분해 및 에틸렌 생합성과 관련된 유전자 발현 양상을 조사하였다. 외생 에틸렌 처리에 따른 과실의 품질 변화는 두 품종 모두 외생 에틸렌 처리 과실이 무처리 과실보다 빠르게 변화하였고, 높은 처리농도에서 더욱 빠르게 변화하였지만 ‘제시골드’ 품종이 ‘골드원’ 품종과 비교하여 상대적으로 외생 에틸렌 처리에 둔감한 반응을 보였다. 과실의 유전자 발현은 ACO, ERF5, PGC, EXP2 4가지 유전자 발현이 확인되었다. 4가지 유전자 모두 ‘제시골드’보다 ‘골드원’ 품종에서 분명한 발현 차이를 보였고, 외생 에틸렌 처리농도와 처리시간에 따라 높은 발현을 보였다. We studied the effect of exogenous ethylene application on fruit ripening and its related gene expression in kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis) ‘Goldone’ and ‘Jecy Gold’ grown in Korea. The fruit ripening characteristics that were affected by exogenous ethylene were evaluated to implement the best post-harvest management practices for these two cultivars. Exogenous ethylene was applied in three different concentrations, and gene expression related to cell wall degradation, ethylene biosynthesis, and fruit quality changes were examined. The kiwifruits treated with exogenous ethylene ripened very fast compared to non-treated kiwifruits. A. chinensis ‘Jecy Gold’ was relatively insensitive to exogenous ethylene treatment when compared to A. chinensis ‘Goldone’. Exogenous ethylene accelerated ethylene biosynthesis and signaling pathways through changes in the expression of ACO and ERF5 genes. Furthermore, PGC and EXP2 gene expression was affected by exogenous ethylene application, suggesting changes in cell wall degradation in response to ethylene signaling. Relatively high gene expression was identified in kiwifruits treated with exogenous ethylene compared to untreated kiwifruits. The distinct expression differences of the four genes, ACO, ERF5, PGC, and EXP2 were recorded in A. chinensis ‘Goldone’ by the concentration of exogenous ethylene and days after treatment.