Physicochemical Properties of Low-Phytate Rice Cultivar, Sang-gol

Li, Chun-Ying,Li, He,Choi, Jae-Keun,Kim, Hee-Woong,Hong, Soon-Kwan,Xu, Zhihao,Rhee, Hae-Ik The Korean Society for Applied Biological Chemisty 2012 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.55 No.1

Phytic acid in grains affects the bioavailability of minerals and nutrients in monogastric animals. Physicochemical properties of Sang-gol, a low-phytate rice cultivar developed to decrease anti-nutrient effect of phytic acid, were compared with those of its parent rice cultivar Il-pum. The amylose content of Sang-gol was lower, but its crude protein content was not significantly different compare with Il-pum. Texture profiles of cooked rice, except for hardness, adhesiveness and chewiness, did not show any differences. The hardness, adhesiveness and chewiness of the Sang-gol were lower than that of Il-pum. Pasting characteristics, peak viscosity, trough, and final viscosity of Sang-gol were higher, and breakdown was lower, as compared to Il-pum. Setback of Il-pum was significantly (p <0.01) lower than Il-pum. The pasting temperatures of Sang-gol and Il-pum were very similar (68.1 and $68.0^{\circ}C$), respectively.

A UPLC/MS-based metabolomics investigation of the protective effect of ginsenosides Rg1 and Rg2 in mice with Alzheimer's disease

Li, Naijing,Liu, Ying,Li, Wei,Zhou, Ling,Li, Qing,Wang, Xueqing,He, Ping The Korean Society of Ginseng 2016 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.40 No.1

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive brain disease, for which there is no effective drug therapy at present. Ginsenoside Rg1 (G-Rg1) and G-Rg2 have been reported to alleviate memory deterioration. However, the mechanism of their anti-AD effect has not yet been clearly elucidated. Methods: Ultra performance liquid chromatography tandem MS (UPLC/MS)-based metabolomics was used to identify metabolites that are differentially expressed in the brains of AD mice with or without ginsenoside treatment. The cognitive function of mice and pathological changes in the brain were also assessed using the Morris water maze (MWM) and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Results: The impaired cognitive function and increased hippocampal $A{\beta}$ deposition in AD mice were ameliorated by G-Rg1 and G-Rg2. In addition, a total of 11 potential biomarkers that are associated with the metabolism of lysophosphatidylcholines (LPCs), hypoxanthine, and sphingolipids were identified in the brains of AD mice and their levels were partly restored after treatment with G-Rg1 and G-Rg2. G-Rg1 and G-Rg2 treatment influenced the levels of hypoxanthine, dihydrosphingosine, hexadecasphinganine, LPC C 16:0, and LPC C 18:0 in AD mice. Additionally, G-Rg1 treatment also influenced the levels of phytosphingosine, LPC C 13:0, LPC C 15:0, LPC C 18:1, and LPC C 18:3 in AD mice. Conclusion: These results indicate that the improvements in cognitive function and morphological changes produced by G-Rg1 and G-Rg2 treatment are caused by regulation of related brain metabolic pathways. This will extend our understanding of the mechanisms involved in the effects of G-Rg1 and G-Rg2 on AD.

A Study on Cutting and Tribology Performances of TiN and TiAlN Coated Tools

Li, Hua-Ying,He, Hui-Bo,Han, Wen-Qiang,Yang, Jun,Gu, Tao,Li, Yuan-ming,Lyu, Sung-Ki Korean Society for Precision Engineering 2015 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.16 No.4

TiN and TiAlN coatings were deposited on the surface of AISI 5140 steel and cemented carbide YT15 by magnetron sputtering technique (MSP). The reciprocating sliding tests of TiN and TiAIN coatings on the surface of AISI 5140 steel were performed to investigate the friction coefficients of coatings affected by various normal loads with friction pair of 304 stainless steel balls. Dry machining tests on AISI 5140 hardened steel were carried out with the TiN and TiAlN coated tools on a CA6140A lathe. The effects of cutting speed on cutting forces and surface roughness of TiN and TiAlN coated tools were obtained and analyzed to assess the cutting performance of coated tools. The microcosmic micrographs of wear areas of coated tools were observed and investigated by scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive spectrum. The results show that the friction coefficients of TiN coatings are lower than that of TiAlN coatings. The cutting force of TiAlN coated tool decreases and flank wear resistance enhances in comparison with TiN coated tool. The wear form and mechanisms of TiN coated tool are mainly crater wear on the rake face and adhesive wear and abrasive wear on the flank face. The wear form and mechanisms of TiAlN coated tool are mainly adhesive wear, the breakage of cutting edge and the damage of tip, accompanied with diffusion and oxidation wear.

An integrated porous Ni3S2 electrode assisted by copper with advanced performance for sodium storage

Li-Feng Zhou,He Gong,Yisong Wang,He Jia,Li-Ying Liu,Tao Du 한국공업화학회 2022 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.111 No.-

Sodium ion battery has been rapidly consolidating its status of the dominant power supplier for largescaleenergy storage systems as a candidate of lithium ion battery and has gotten widely attention. In thiswork, an integrated porous Ni3S2 electrode assisted by copper using for sodium storage showed anadvanced electrochemical performance and long life-span. Coupled with Cu particles planted on the surfaceof Ni foam, electron transfer can be fast induced, thus avoiding the electrode damage due to collectionelectron. It further achieved a superior retention of 88.7 % with the capacity of 417 mAh g1. In thekinetics analysis, the capacitance-controlled capacity in the electrochemical process dominated, and thefast calculated Na+ diffusion coefficients was 4 10-10 cm2 s1. Therefore, it deserves attention and furtherresearch for the commercial application of large-scale energy storage.

Fault-tolerant Compensation Control Based on Sliding Mode Technique of Unmanned Marine Vehicles Subject to Unknown Persistent Ocean Disturbances

Li-Ying Hao,He Zhang,Wei Yue,Hui Li 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2020 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.18 No.3

This paper is concerned with a robust adaptive fault-tolerant compensation control problem based on sliding mode technique for an unmanned marine vehicle (UMV) with thruster faults and unknown persistent ocean disturbances. A general thruster fault model including partial, total and time-varying stuck is built for the first time. Once the thrusters occur unknown and time-varying stuck faults, the mission of the UMV may be canceled. To avoid it, full-rank decomposition of the thruster configuration matrix is made, based on which a linear sliding surface is constructed and adaptive mechanism is incorporated into sliding mode reaching law. Without the prior knowledge of ocean external disturbances, sliding mode stability is analyzed and a sufficient stability condition through H∞ technique is given. Further the nonlinear unit vector gain of the adaptive sliding mode fault-tolerant compensation controller is designed to ensure the UMV system errors converge to zero independent of fault detection and diagnosis (FDD) mechanism. Finally, the comparison simulation results through a typical floating production ship are shown to testify the feasibility of the presented method.

<i>Yersinia pseudotuberculosis</i> Exploits CD209 Receptors for Promoting Host Dissemination and Infection

He, Ying-Xia,Ye, Cheng-Lin,Zhang, Pei,Li, Qiao,Park, Chae Gyu,Yang, Kun,Jiang, Ling-Yu,Lv, Yin,Ying, Xiao-Ling,Ding, Hong-Hui,Huang, Hong-Ping,Mambwe Tembo, John,Li, An-Yi,Cheng, Bing,Zhang, Shu-Sheng American Society for Microbiology 2019 Infection and immunity Vol.87 No.1

<P><I>Yersinia pseudotuberculosis</I> is a Gram-negative enteropathogen and causes gastrointestinal infections. It disseminates from gut to mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs), spleen, and liver of infected humans and animals.</P><P><I>Yersinia pseudotuberculosis</I> is a Gram-negative enteropathogen and causes gastrointestinal infections. It disseminates from gut to mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs), spleen, and liver of infected humans and animals. Although the molecular mechanisms for dissemination and infection are unclear, many Gram-negative enteropathogens presumably invade the small intestine via Peyer’s patches to initiate dissemination. In this study, we demonstrate that <I>Y. pseudotuberculosis</I> utilizes its lipopolysaccharide (LPS) core to interact with CD209 receptors, leading to invasion of human dendritic cells (DCs) and murine macrophages. These <I>Y. pseudotuberculosis</I>-CD209 interactions result in bacterial dissemination to MLNs, spleens, and livers of both wild-type and Peyer’s patch-deficient mice. The blocking of the <I>Y. pseudotuberculosis</I>-CD209 interactions by expression of O-antigen and with oligosaccharides reduces infectivity. Based on the well-documented studies in which HIV-CD209 interaction leads to viral dissemination, we therefore propose an infection route for <I>Y. pseudotuberculosis</I> where this pathogen, after penetrating the intestinal mucosal membrane, hijacks the <I>Y. pseudotuberculosis</I>-CD209 interaction antigen-presenting cells to reach their target destinations, MLNs, spleens, and livers.</P>

A UPLC/MS-based metabolomics investigation of the protective effect of ginsenosides Rg1 and Rg2 in mice with Alzheimer’s disease

Naijing Li,Ying Liu,Wei Li,Ling Zhou,Qing Li,Xueqing Wang,Ping He 고려인삼학회 2016 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.40 No.1

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive brain disease, for which there is no effective drug therapy at present. Ginsenoside Rg1 (G-Rg1) and G-Rg2 have been reported to alleviate memory deterioration. However, the mechanism of their anti-AD effect has not yet been clearly elucidated. Methods: Ultra performance liquid chromatography tandem MS (UPLC/MS)-based metabolomics was used to identify metabolites that are differentially expressed in the brains of AD mice with or without ginsenoside treatment. The cognitive function of mice and pathological changes in the brain were also assessed using the Morris water maze (MWM) and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Results: The impaired cognitive function and increased hippocampal Ab deposition in AD mice were ameliorated by G-Rg1 and G-Rg2. In addition, a total of 11 potential biomarkers that are associated with the metabolism of lysophosphatidylcholines (LPCs), hypoxanthine, and sphingolipids were identified in the brains of AD mice and their levels were partly restored after treatment with G-Rg1 and G-Rg2. G-Rg1 and G-Rg2 treatment influenced the levels of hypoxanthine, dihydrosphingosine, hexadecasphinganine, LPC C 16:0, and LPC C 18:0 in AD mice. Additionally, G-Rg1 treatment also influenced the levels of phytosphingosine, LPC C 13:0, LPC C 15:0, LPC C 18:1, and LPC C 18:3 in AD mice. Conclusion: These results indicate that the improvements in cognitive function and morphological changes produced by G-Rg1 and G-Rg2 treatment are caused by regulation of related brain metabolic pathways. This will extend our understanding of the mechanisms involved in the effects of G-Rg1 and G-Rg2 on AD.

Anatomical Study of the Accessory Tendon of the Extensor Hallucis Longus Muscle and Its Clinical Application

Yue Li,Jing-Ying Zhang,Xin-Yue Zhao,Li-Ya Pan,De-Hao Jin,He-Xing Xu,Hu-Zhe Cui,Yan-Qun Liu,Xiang-Zheng Qin,Qingyuan Li 대한정형외과학회 2021 Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery Vol.13 No.2

Background: The accessory tendon of the extensor hallucis longus (ATEHL) muscle is a common abnormal structure, and its clinical significance remains debatable. In this study, we provide the incidence of the ATEHL and characterize its morphological types in Asian cadavers and investigate its clinical applications. Methods: The tendons from 50 adult cadaveric feet, fixed in 10% formalin, were analyzed. We measured the length and width of both the ATEHL and the extensor hallucis brevis (EHB). Results: All dissected specimens had an ATEHL. The first metatarsophalangeal joint was surrounded by an accessory tendon that inserted onto the joint capsule and the dorsal base of the proximal phalanx. We classified the ATEHL into 3 types based on their directions. Differences in ATEHL type based on sex were not statistically significant. Conclusions: We found an ATEHL in all cadaveric specimens in this study. We surmise that the ATEHL acts as an antagonist with the EHB when the toe is extending, which might help prevent the occurrence of hallux valgus deformity.

A Study on Cutting and Tribology Performances of TiN and TiAlN Coated Tools

Hua-Ying Li,Hui-Bo He,Wen-Qiang Han,Jun Yang,Tao Gu,Yuan-ming Li,류성기 한국정밀공학회 2015 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol. No.

TiN and TiAlN coatings were deposited on the surface of AISI 5140 steel and cemented carbide YT15 by magnetron sputteringtechnique (MSP). The reciprocating sliding tests of TiN and TiAIN coatings on the surface of AISI 5140 steel were performed toinvestigate the friction coefficients of coatings affected by various normal loads with friction pair of 304 stainless steel balls. Drymachining tests on AISI 5140 hardened steel were carried out with the TiN and TiAlN coated tools on a CA6140A lathe. The effectsof cutting speed on cutting forces and surface roughness of TiN and TiAlN coated tools were obtained and analyzed to assess thecutting performance of coated tools. The microcosmic micrographs of wear areas of coated tools were observed and investigated byscanning electron microscope and energy dispersive spectrum. The results show that the friction coefficients of TiN coatings are lowerthan that of TiAlN coatings. The cutting force of TiAlN coated tool decreases and flank wear resistance enhances in comparison withTiN coated tool. The wear form and mechanisms of TiN coated tool are mainly crater wear on the rake face and adhesive wear andabrasive wear on the flank face. The wear form and mechanisms of TiAlN coated tool are mainly adhesive wear, the breakage ofcutting edge and the damage of tip, accompanied with diffusion and oxidation wear.

Physicochemical Properties of Low-Phytate Rice Cultivar, Sang-gol

Chun-Ying Li,He Li,Jae-Keun Choi,Hee-Woong Kim,홍순관,Zhihao Xu,이해익 한국응용생명화학회 2012 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.55 No.1

Phytic acid in grains affects the bioavailability of minerals and nutrients in monogastric animals. Physicochemical properties of Sang-gol, a low-phytate rice cultivar developed to decrease anti-nutrient effect of phytic acid, were compared with those of its parent rice cultivar Il-pum. The amylose content of Sang-gol was lower, but its crude protein content was not significantly different compare with Il-pum. Texture profiles of cooked rice, except for hardness, adhesiveness and chewiness, did not show any differences. The hardness, adhesiveness and chewiness of the Sang-gol were lower than that of Il-pum. Pasting characteristics, peak viscosity, trough, and final viscosity of Sanggol were higher, and breakdown was lower, as compared to Ilpum. Setback of Il-pum was significantly (p <0.01) lower than Ilpum. The pasting temperatures of Sang-gol and Il-pum were very similar (68.1 and 68.0oC), respectively.