모바일 GIS 응용을 위한 엔코딩 표준 연구

고익준,송관수,오병우 금오공과대학교 2005 論文集 Vol.26 No.-

Recently various service is provided as developing of wireless internet in mobile environment. Also mobile GIS service is provided too. In mobile environment, the service use wireless internet. So it is not adaptable to apply the service which provided in existing internet environment. And owing to each service provide service independently, mobile GIS service is hard to look for interoperability This paper is developed encoding standard for mobile GIS application for service to be conform mobile environment and to be guarantee interoperability between service. First, we analyzed GML 3.1 standard for encoding standard and investigate encoding method to use in mobile GIS service. And we derive characteristic of GIS in mobile environment to analyze domestic GIS. We develop mobile GIS encoding standard by analyzing MATRIX of analyzed GML 3.1 standard and derived characteristic to analyze service.

웹 지도 서버 인터페이스 연구

송관수,고익준,오병우,조대수 금오공과대학교 2005 論文集 Vol.26 No.-

Nowdays GIS (Geographic Information System) has been widely used in public and private part. As demands on map via internet have been dramatically increasing, traditional GIS system is being developed to Web based system which uses Web browsers. Web based GIS system consists of Web Map Oient and Server. The Web Map Server offers geospatial data to several Web Map Oients. In this paper, we propose an interface of web map server. The interface provides user-defined styles and dedicated features for mobile environment as well as simple request for map.

健康診斷 및 運動能力 評價를 통한 心肺適性 運動處方 프로그램 開發

黃樹寬,高成京,金亨鎭 한국노화학회 1991 한국노화학회지 Vol.1 No.1

아시아 지역 폐렴 구균의 항균제 내성 현황 및 변화 양상 : Asian Network for Surveillance of Resistant Pathogens (ANSORP) Study

정숙인,김나영,손준성,기현균,고관수,서지연,장현하,김연숙,오원섭,백경란,이남용,송재훈,항생제 내성 감시를 위한 아시아 연합 (ANSORP) 대한감염학회 2004 감염과 화학요법 Vol.36 No.1

목적 : 1980년대부터 페니실린을 비롯한 β-lactam 계열과 비 β-lactam 계열 항균제에 대한 폐렴구균의 항생제 내성이 급격하게 증가하여 국내 뿐 아니라 세계적인 문제로 대두되고 있다. ANSORP 에서는 아시아 지역에서 폐렴구균의 항균제 내성과 그 변화 추이, 내성의 기전 및 위험인자를 분석하고자 본 국제 공동 연구를 시행하였다. 재료 및 방법 : 1999년 11월부터 2001년 8월까지 아시아 지역 12개국의 14개 기관에서 폐렴구균 감염증 환자의 임상 검체로 분리된 침습성 폐렴구균을 대상으로 액체배지 미량희석법을 이용하여 16개 항생제의 MIC를 구하였다. 위험인자의 분석을 위하여 폐렴구균 감염증 환자를 대상으로 의무기록지를 조사하였다. Quellung 반응을 통해 혈청형을 결정하였다. 결과 : 총 685균주 중 52.4%가 페니실린에 대하여 비감수성(중등도 내성 22.9%, 내성 29.5%)을 보였고, 그 빈도는 베트남(92.1%), 스리랑카(85.7%), 홍콩(67.9%), 한국(64.5%)의 순이었다. Erythromycin에 대한 비감수성 비율은 베트남(92.1%), 대만(87.7%), 한국(80.6%), 홍콩(76.8%) 등에서 높게 나타났고, 베트남, 대만, 한국, 홍콩 등의 erythromycin의 MIC_(90)이 32㎍/mL를 넘는 고도내성을 보였다. 홍콩, 싱가포르, 대만, 인도에서는 fluoroquinolone에 대한 내성 균주가 출현하였다. 전체 균주 중 다제내성 균주의 비율은 47.7%였다. 혈청형은 19형과 23형이 가장 많았고, 그 외 6형, 14형 등이 있었다. 페니실린 비감수성 감염증의 위험인자로는 5세 미만(OR=1.7; 95%, CI, 1.2-2.4; P=0.002), 기관지폐질환(OR=2.0; 95%, CI, 1.3-3.1; P=0.003), 악성종양(OR=2.3; 95%, CI, 1.2-4.6; P=0.015), 스테로이드의 사용(OR=2.8; 95%, CI, 1.1-7.4; P=0.032)이 확인되었다. 결론 : 침습성 폐렴구균 균주를 대상으로 한 본 연구의 결과 아시아 국가들에서 페니실린, β-lactam 및 macrolide에 대한 폐렴구균의 내성률 및 내성 정도가 급증하고 있음을 확인하였다. Background : Emergence of pneumococcal resistance became a global issue since 1990s. According to the ANSORP studies with clinical isolates and carriage isolates between 1996 and 1999, some Asian countries showed alarmingly high prevalence of resistance to penicillin and other antimicrobial agents. To investigate the changing trends of pneumococcal resistance, ANSORP study group has performed a multinational surveillance study with invasive pneumococcal isolates from Asian countries. Methods : All isolates from various invasive pneumococcal diseases were prospectively collected from 14 centers in 12 countries between November 1999 to August 2001. Broth microdilution tests with 16 antimicrobial agents were performed according to the NCCLS procedures. Serotyping was performed by means of Quelling reaction with use of group-specific antisera. Results : A total of 685 isolates were collected. Overall, 52.4% of invasive isolates from Asian countries were not susceptible to penicillin (intermediate (1), 22.9%, Resistant (R), 29.5%). Vietnam showed the highest prevalence of penicillin non-susceptibility (1 20.6%, R 71.4%) followed by Sri Lanka (1 71.4%, R 14.3%), Hong Kong (1 24.1%, R 76%) and Korea (1 9.7%, R 54.8%). China (I 19.8%, R 23.4%) and Malaysia (1 9.1%, R 29.5%) also showed remarkable increase in penicillin resistance compared with previous ANSORP data, which were less than 10%. Vietnam (92.1%), Taiwan (87.7%), Korea (80.6%), and Hong Kong (76.8%) showed high prevalence of erythromycin resistance. MIG_(90)S for ciprofloxacin were 4 ㎍/mL (Hong Kong) and 2 ㎍/mL (11 Asian countries except Hong Kong), respectively. Conclusion : Compared with previous data from ANSORP studies, antimicrobial resistance among invasive pneumococcal isolates has markedly increased in Vietnam, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, China, and Malaysia. Continuous surveillance of pneumococcal resistance in Asia is strongly warranted.

Phylogenetics of Trichaptum Based on Mitochondrial Small Subunit rDNA Sequences

Ko, Kwan-Soo,Jung, Hack-Sung The Microbiological Society of Korea 1997 The journal of microbiology Vol.35 No.4

To study the phylogenetic relationships of species of Trichaptum and to infer intraspecific dibergence of T. abietinum, partial mitochondrial small subunit rDNA sequences were determined. Six strains of T. abietinum, two of T. biforme, and one of T. fusco-violaceum were examined. Parsimony and distance analyses showed that each Trichaptum species forms a distinct group and that T. abietinum consists of two or more subgroups. Strains from North America were distantly related to one another but the European strain formed an independent group with three Korean strains, suggesting the possibility that Korean taxa may be phylogenetically closer to European taxa than to North American taxa.

Molecular Identification of Clinical Rothia Isolates from Human Patients: Proposal of a Novel Rothia Species, Rothia arfidiae sp. nov.

Ko, Kwan-Soo,Lee, Mi-Young,Park, Young-Kyoung,Peck, Kyong-Ran,Song, Jae-Hoon The Korean Society for Microbiology 2009 Journal of Bacteriology and Virology Vol.39 No.3

Four Gram-positive cocci were isolated from the cerebrospinal fluid or blood of four different patients, but they could not be identified by an automated conventional identification system, so they were identified using cellular fatty acid (CFA) composition analysis and 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis. Of these, two strains (SMC-A2662 and SMC-A5889), which were previously supposed to be Rothia dentocariosa according to the API Coryne system, were identified as Rothia aeria by the 16S rRNA gene analysis. SMC-A608, which was unidentified by both the VITEK2 and API Coryne systems, was identified as Rothia mucilaginosa. The one remaining SMC-$2244^T$ was distinguished from the other Rothia species by its biochemical profile, its CFA composition and its 16S rRNA gene sequence. Phylogenetic analysis showed that it was closely related to Rothia nasimurium but the 16S rRNA gene sequence dissimilarity of 1.8% was enough to differentiate it from R. nasimurium. Based on both the phenotypic and phylogenetic evidence, we propose a new species name for this bacterium, Rothia arfidiae sp. nov. The results of this study show that several Rothia species were isolated from human and we have identified them using 16S rRNA gene sequences.

Antibiotic-resistant clones in Gram-negative pathogens: presence of global clones in Korea

Kwan Soo Ko 한국미생물학회 2019 The journal of microbiology Vol.57 No.3

Antibiotic resistance is a global concern in public health. Antibiotic-resistant clones can spread nationally, internationally, and globally. This review considers representative antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacterial clones–CTX-M- 15-producing ST131 in Escherichia coli, extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing ST11 and KPC-producing ST258 in Klebsiella pneumoniae, IMP-6-producing, carbapenem-resistant ST235 in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and OXA-23- producing global clone 2 in Acinetobacter baumannii–that have disseminated worldwide, including in Korea. The findings highlight the urgency for systematic monitoring and international cooperation to suppress the emergence and propagation of antibiotic resistance.

Clonal Dissemination of Extended-Spectrum beta-Lactamase (ESBL)-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolates in a Korean Hospital

Kwan Soo Ko,,Joon Sup Yeom,,Kyong Ran Peck, 대한의학회 2008 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.23 No.1

In this study, we investigated the molecular characteristics of extended-spectrum -lactamase (ESBL)-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates that were recovered from an outbreak in a Korean hospital. A new multilocus sequence typing (MLST) scheme for K. pneumoniae based on five housekeeping genes was developed and was evaluated for 43 ESBL-producing isolates from an outbreak as well as 38 surveillance isolates from Korea and also a reference strain. Overall, a total of 37 sequence types (STs) and six clonal complexes (CCs) were identified among the 82 K. pneumoniae isolates. The result of MLST analysis was concordant with that of pulsedfield gel electrophoresis. Most of the outbreak isolates belonged to a certain clone (ST2), and they produced SHV-1 and CTX-M14 enzymes, which was a different feature from that of the K. pneumoniae isolates from other Korean hospitals (ST20 and SHV-12). We also found a different distribution of CCs between ESBL-producing and -nonproducing K. pneumoniae isolates. The MLST method we developed in this study could provide unambiguous and well-resolved data for the epidemiologic study of K. pneumoniae. The outbreak isolates showed different molecular characteristics from the other K. pneumoniae isolates from other Korean hospitals.

Sequence type 72 meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates from humans, raw meat and soil in South Korea

Ko, Kwan Soo,Lim, Suk-Kyung,Jung, Suk-Chan,Yoon, Je Moon,Choi, Ji Young,Song, Jae-Hoon Microbiology Society 2011 Journal of medical microbiology Vol.60 No.4

Citrobacter bitternis sp. nov. Isolated from Bitterns

Ko, Kwan Soo,Choi, Ji-Young,Kim, Joo,Park, Myoung Kyu Springer-Verlag 2015 Current microbiology Vol.70 No.6

<P>In this study, we reported two gram-negative bacteria that were isolated from bitterns, designated as SKKU-TP7(T) and SKKU-TP20, representing a novel species of Citrobacter. Based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences, the two strains were found to be closely related and showed the highest pairwise similarity with Citrobacter farmeri CDC 2992-81(T) (97.1-97.3 %) and other Citrobacter species. Cellular fatty acid analysis revealed that the profiles of strains SKKU-TP7(T) and SKKU-TP20 were similar to those of related species of Citrobacter. The major cellular fatty acids were C16:0 (31.5 %), summed feature 3 (C16:1 ω7c, C16:1 ω6c, 19.7 %), summed feature 8 (C18:1 ω7c, C18:1 ω6c, 11.9 %), C17:0 cyclo (10.7 %), and summed feature 2 (C12:0 aldehyde/unknown 10928, 9.5 %). Although the strains could utilize sucrose and raffinose as a carbon source, they did not produce ornithine decarboxylase and urease. The biochemical and genotypic characteristics indicate that strains SKKU-TP7(T) and SKKU-TP20 represent a novel species of Citrobacter, for which the name Citrobacter bitterns sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is SKKU-TP7(T) (=KCTC 42139(T) = JCM 30009(T)).</P>