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Yi-Xin Zou,Jia Qiao,Hua-Yuan Zhu,Rui-Nan Lu,Yi Xia,Lei Cao,Wei Wu,Hui Jin,Wen-Jie Liu,Jin-Hua Liang,Jia-Zhu Wu,Li Wang,Lei Fan,Wei Xu,Jian-Yong Li 대한암학회 2019 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.51 No.2
Purpose Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is one of the most frequent type of B-cell chronic lymphoproliferative disorders and chronic inflammation takes part in the development of CLL. However, there has been no valid immune biomarker to predict the prognosis of untreated CLL patients. Materials and Methods In this retrospective study, we analyzed the clinical correlations and prognostic value of albumin-to-fibrinogen ratio (AFR) detected at diagnosis in 191 CLL patients. Results The cut-off value of AFR was 9.7 calculated by X-tile. Patients who were more than 65 years old were often accompanied by low level of AFR (p < 0.001). Survival analysis showed that patients with low level of AFR had shorter overall survival (OS) than patients with high level of AFR (p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis illustrated that AFR had a negative impact on OS (p=0.003) and was independent of parameters involved in CLL international prognostic index and other prognostic markers such as CD38 and ZAP-70. Conclusion These data provide a comprehensive view of AFR and shows that AFR at diagnosis is an adverse prognostic factor in untreated CLL patients.
Synergistic growth in bacteria depends on substrate complexity
Yi-Jie Deng,Shiao Y. 한국미생물학회 2016 The journal of microbiology Vol.54 No.1
Both positive and negative interactions among bacteria take place in the environment. We hypothesize that the complexity of the substrate affects the way bacteria interact with greater cooperation in the presence of recalcitrant substrate. We isolated lignocellulolytic bacteria from salt marsh detritus and compared the growth, metabolic activity and enzyme production of pure cultures to those of three-species mixed cultures in lignocellulose and glucose media. Synergistic growth was common in lignocellulose medium containing carboxyl methyl cellulose, xylan and lignin but absent in glucose medium. Bacterial synergism promoted metabolic activity in synergistic mixed cultures but not the maximal growth rate (μ). Bacterial synergism also promoted the production of β- 1,4-glucosidase but not the production of cellobiohydrolase or β-1,4-xylosidase. Our results suggest that the chemical complexity of the substrate affects the way bacteria interact. While a complex substrate such as lignocellulose promotes positive interactions and synergistic growth, a labile substrate such as glucose promotes negative interactions and competition. Synergistic interactions among indigenous bacteria are suggested to be important in promoting lignocellulose degradation in the environment.
Yi Liang,Hong-Hong Liu,Yi-Jie Chen,Hui Sun 한국식품영양과학회 2014 Journal of medicinal food Vol.17 No.4
A water soluble extract from the medicinal mushroom Agrocybe aegerita has been shown to stimulate splenocyte proliferation, cytotoxic activity, and tumor rejection effect in tumor-bearing mouse models. In the present study, the crude extract was separated into a protein component fraction (Yp), mainly containing lectins and serine proteinase, and a small molecule component fraction (Ys), mainly containing triethylene glycol, a-bisabolol, n-hexadecanoic acid, and so on. The antitumor activity of the fractions was investigated in a tumor-bearing BALB/c mouse model. Repeat administration of Yp and Ys significantly inhibited tumor growth (P < .001), but little toxicity was observed. Moreover, the protein fraction Yp performed better than Ys in both antitumor and lifespan-prolonging activity. The cytokine expression levels in serum and splenocytes from extract-treated mice were selectively screened by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and quantitative realtime polymerase chain reaction, and the results showed that Yp upregulated the mRNA level of Th2 cytokine interleukin-10 (P < .01), and Ys increased the mRNA level of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (P < .01) and antiinflammatory cytokine transforming growth factor-b (P < .01). All these data suggest that Yp and Ys can inhibit tumor growth via different mechanisms, which promotes the understanding of antitumor properties of medicinal fungi.
Gallotannins from Nut Shell Extractives of Camellia oleifera
( Yi-chang He ),( Mei-jie Wu ),( Xiao-lin Lei ),( Jie-fang Yang ),( Wei Gao ),( Young-soo Bae ),( Tae-hee Kim ),( Sun-eun Choi ),( Bao-tong Li ) 한국목재공학회 2021 목재공학 Vol.49 No.3
Camellia nut shell was collected, dried at room temperature and ground to get fine powder. The powder was extracted three times with 95% EtOH, combined, evaporated, and then freeze dried. The crude powder was dissolved in H<sub>2</sub>O and then sequentially fractionated with n-hexane, CH<sub>2</sub>Cl<sub>2</sub>, EtOAc and n-BuOH. A part of EtOAc fraction was chromatographed on a silica gel and on a Sephadex LH-20 columns using MeOH, aqueous MeOH, EtOAc-n-hexane and EtOH-n-hexane to isolate gallotannins. Three gallotannins, 1,2-di-O-galloyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (2), 1,2,6-tri-Ogalloyl- β-D-glucopyranoside (3) and 1,2,3,6-tetra-O-galloyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (4), including gallic acid (1), were isolated and elucidated by NMR and Mass spectroscopies. Although nothing new, these gallotannins were first reported from the nut shell extractives of camellia tree (Camellia oleifera C. Abel). This study was to investigate the chemical constituents, especially hydrolysable tannins, of nut shell extractives of Camellia oleifera and to provide basic information for the future chemical utilization of this species.
Ellagitannins from Camellia oleifera Fruit Shell Extractives
Yi-Chang He,Wei Gao,Jie-Fang Yang,Young-Soo Bae,Chun-Xia Yang,Wei Ding,Zhen-Jun Gu,Mei-Jie Wu,Dong-Bo Yu,Hwang Gao,Cheng Zhou,Chun Gong 강원대학교 산림과학연구소 2022 강원대학교 산림과학연구소 학술대회 Vol.2022 No.10
Camellia is valued not only for its aesthetic contribution as ornament but also for its economic importance as it provides the beverage, tea, and edible oil in some countries, notably China. Apart from its use for ornamental purposes and production of tea, it is one of the four main oil-bearing trees (palm, coconut, olive, and tea) in the world. Camellia oleifera C. Abel, which originated in southern China, is notable as an important source of edible oil obtained from its seeds. It is commonly known as the oil-seed camellia or tea oil camellia, though to a lesser extent other species of Camellia are used in oil production too. Camellia japonica, one of the other tea trees, is distributed in Korea, China, Taiwan, and Japan. Previous studies have revealed that Camellia oleifera has significant biological activities and includes various kinds of chemical constituents such as terpenoids and flavonoids in its leaves, roots, seeds and fruit shells. The others also have reported the recent advances in the utilization of Camellia oleifera C. Abel through a review of nutritional constituents, bio-functional properties, and potential industrial applications. However, there was no study on nut shell extractives of Camellia oleifera even in China and moreover, hydrolysable tannins of the nut shell have never been reported yet. A phytochemical study of fruit shell of Camellia oleifera C. Abel led to the isolation of two ellagitannins, tellimagrandinⅠ(3) and tellimagrandin Ⅱ(4), including gallic acid (1) and ellagic acid (2). The structures of the isolated compounds were unambiguously elucidated on the basis of comprehensive spectroscopic data, especially 2D NMR such as HSQC and HMBC and MS data. Compounds 3 and 4 were first isolated from the extractives of Camellia oleifera fruit shell.
Burial depth of anode affected the bacterial community structure of sediment microbial fuel cells
Yi-cheng Wu,Hong-jie Wu,Hai-yan Fu,Zhineng Dai,Ze-jie Wang 대한환경공학회 2020 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.25 No.6
Sediment microbial fuel cells (SMFCs) are attractive devices to in situ power environmental monitoring sensors and bioremediate contaminated soils/sediments. Burial depth of the anode was verified to affect the performance of SMFCs. The present research evaluated the differences in microbial community structure of anodic biofilms located at different depth. It was demonstrated that both microbial diversity and community structure of anodic biofilms were influenced by the depth of anode location. Microbial diversity decreased with increased anodic depth. The number of the operational taxonomic units (OTUs) was determined as 1438 at the anode depth of 5 cm, which reduced to 1275 and 1005 at 10 cm and 15 cm, respectively. Cluster analysis revealed that microbial communities of 5 cm and 10 cm were clustered together, separated from the original sediment and 15 cm. Proteobacteria was the predominant phylum in all samples, followed by Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes. Beta- and Gamma-proteobacteria were the most abundant classes. A total of 23 OTUs showed high identity to 16S rRNA gene of exoelectrogens such as Geobacter and Pseudomonas. The present results provided insights into the effects of anode depth on the performance of SMFC from the perspectives of microbial community structure.
Hypertriglyceridemia: A Neglected Risk Factor for Ischemic Stroke?
Hai-jie Liang,Qing-yi Zhang,Yi-tong Hu,Guo-qing Liu,Rong Qi 대한뇌졸중학회 2022 Journal of stroke Vol.24 No.1
Hypertriglyceridemia is caused by defects in triglyceride metabolism and generally manifests as abnormally high plasma triglyceride levels. Although the role of hypertriglyceridemia may not draw as much attention as that of plasma cholesterol in stroke, plasma triglycerides, especially nonfasting triglycerides, are thought to be correlated with the risk of ischemic stroke. Hypertriglyceridemia may increase the risk of ischemic stroke by promoting atherosclerosis and thrombosis and increasing blood viscosity. Moreover, hypertriglyceridemia may have some protective effects in patients who have already suffered a stroke via unclear mechanisms. Therefore, further studies are needed to elucidate the role of hypertriglyceridemia in the development and prognosis of ischemic stroke.