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( Hyunju Jin ),( Min-young Park ),( Kyungnam Bae ),( Sung-min Park ),( Hyun-joo Lee ),( Hyang-suk You ),( Woo-haing Shim ),( Gun-wook Kim ),( Hoon-soo Kim ),( Hyun-chang Ko ),( Moon-bum Kim ),( Byung- 대한피부과학회 2017 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.69 No.2
Background: Pruritus is one of the most common skin complaint in the elderly. Its prevalence is increasing with the rapid growth of their population. Its prevalence and clinical characteristics were not yet fully elucidated in Korean elderly population. Objectives: To analyze the prevalence, clinical characteristics and their associated life habits for chronic pruritus in Korean elderly. Methods: A face-to-face questionnaire was given to 648 subjects over age of sixty from October to February in 2013 to 2017. All subjects were divided into two groups based on whether they were suffered from chronic pruritus or not. Results: The prevalence of chronic pruritus in the elderly was 72.2% (n=468). In 63.2 percent of the itchy group, itch appeared on a daily basis. During winter (56.1%) and at night (87.4%), itch became worse. Itch was perceived as pricking (30.3%), stinging (18.8%) and burning (11.1%) rather than stabbing (9.8%) and pinching (6.2%). Among daily life habits, proportion in using emollients in itchy group was lower than in non-itchy group with statistical significance (p<0.001). Also, more subjects in itchy group scrubbed and did not use soap (p<0.001) during bath or shower. Conclusion: Pruritus in elderly is not rare. This study highlights the detailed characteristics of itch in Korean elderly. In order to reduce the prevalence of pruritus in elderly, it is better to use soap and emollients and not scrub during bath or shower.
PARK, Hye-Sun,PARK, Jong-Tae,KANG, Hee-Kwon,CHA, Hyunju,KIM, Dong-Sung,KIM, Jung-Wan,PARK, Kwan-Hwa Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and A 2007 Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry Vol.71 No.5
<P>A <I>treX</I> in the trehalose biosynthesis gene cluster of <I>Sulfolobus solfataricus</I> ATCC 35092 has been reported to produce TreX, which hydrolyzes the α-1,6-branch portion of amylopectin and glycogen. TreX exhibited 4-α-<SMALL>D</SMALL>-glucan transferase activity, catalyzing the transfer of α-1,4-glucan oligosaccharides from one molecule to another in the case of linear maltooligosaccharides (G3–G7), and it produced cyclic glucans from amylopectin and amylose like 4-α-glucanotransferase. These results suggest that TreX is a novel isoamylase possessing the properties of 4-α-glucanotransferase.</P>
Differential Game Based Air Combat Maneuver Generation Using Scoring Function Matrix
Park, Hyunju,Lee, Byung-Yoon,Tahk, Min-Jea,Yoo, Dong-Wan The Korean Society for Aeronautical and Space Scie 2016 International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sc Vol.17 No.2
A differential game theory based approach is used to develop an automated maneuver generation algorithm for Within Visual Range (WVR) air-to-air combat of unmanned combat aerial vehicles (UCAVs). The algorithm follows hierarchical decisionmaking structure and performs scoring function matrix calculation based on differential game theory to find the optimal maneuvers against dynamic and challenging combat situation. The score, implying how much air superiority the UCAV has, is computed from the predicted relative geometry, relative distance and velocity of two aircrafts. Security strategy is applied at the decision-making step. Additionally, a barrier function is implemented to keep the airplanes above the altitude lower bound. To shorten the simulation time to make the algorithm more real-time, a moving horizon method is implemented. An F-16 pseudo 6-DOF model is used for realistic simulation. The combat maneuver generation algorithm is verified through three dimensional simulations.
Differential Game Based Air Combat Maneuver Generation Using Scoring Function Matrix
Hyunju Park,Byung-Yoon Lee,Min-Jea Tahk,Dong-Wan Yoo 한국항공우주학회 2016 International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sc Vol.17 No.2
A differential game theory based approach is used to develop an automated maneuver generation algorithm for Within Visual Range (WVR) air-to-air combat of unmanned combat aerial vehicles (UCAVs). The algorithm follows hierarchical decisionmaking structure and performs scoring function matrix calculation based on differential game theory to find the optimal maneuvers against dynamic and challenging combat situation. The score, implying how much air superiority the UCAV has, is computed from the predicted relative geometry, relative distance and velocity of two aircrafts. Security strategy is applied at the decision-making step. Additionally, a barrier function is implemented to keep the airplanes above the altitude lower bound. To shorten the simulation time to make the algorithm more real-time, a moving horizon method is implemented. An F-16 pseudo 6-DOF model is used for realistic simulation. The combat maneuver generation algorithm is verified through three dimensional simulations.
Increased Caveolin-2 Expression in Brain Endothelial Cells Promotes Age-Related Neuroinflammation
Hyunju Park,Jung A Shin,Jiwoo Lim,Seulgi Lee,안정혁,Jihee Lee Kang,최윤희 한국분자세포생물학회 2022 Molecules and cells Vol.45 No.12
Aging is a major risk factor for common neurodegenerative diseases. Although multiple molecular, cellular, structural, and functional changes occur in the brain during aging, the involvement of caveolin-2 (Cav-2) in brain ageing remains unknown. We investigated Cav-2 expression in brains of aged mice and its effects on endothelial cells. The human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) showed decreased THP-1 adhesion and infiltration when treated with Cav-2 siRNA compared to control siRNA. In contrast, Cav-2 overexpression increased THP-1 adhesion and infiltration in HUVECs. Increased expression of Cav-2 and iba-1 was observed in brains of old mice. Moreover, there were fewer iba-1–positive cells in the brains of aged Cav-2 knockout (KO) mice than of wild-type aged mice. The levels of several chemokines were higher in brains of aged wild-type mice than in young wild-type mice; moreover, chemokine levels were significantly lower in brains of young mice as well as aged Cav-2 KO mice than in their wild-type counterparts. Expression of PECAM1 and VE-cadherin proteins increased in brains of old wild-type mice but was barely detected in brains of young wild-type and Cav-2 KO mice. Collectively, our results suggest that Cav-2 expression increases in the endothelial cells of aged brain, and promotes leukocyte infiltration and age-associated neuroinflammation.
PARK, Sung-Hoon,KANG, Hee-Kwon,SHIM, Jae-Hoon,WOO, Eui-Jeon,HONG, Jung-Sun,KIM, Jung-Wan,OH, Byung-Ha,LEE, Byong Hoon,CHA, Hyunju,PARK, Kwan-Hwa Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and A 2007 Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry Vol.71 No.6
<P>To elucidate the relationship between the substrate size and geometric shape of the catalytic site of <I>Thermus</I> maltogenic amylase, Gly50, Asp109, and Val431, located at the interface of the dimer, were replaced with bulky amino acids. The <I>k</I><SUB>cat</SUB>⁄<I>K</I><SUB>m</SUB> value of the mutant for amylose increased significantly, whereas that for amylopectin decreased as compared to that of the wild-type enzyme. Thus, the substituted bulky amino acid residues modified the shape of the catalytic site, such that the ability of the enzyme to distinguish between small and large molecules like amylose and amylopectin was enhanced.</P>
Analysis of Critical COVID-19 Cases Among Children in Korea
Hyunju Lee,Sujin Choi,Ji Young Park,Dae Sun Jo,Ui Yoon Choi,Hea Yon Lee,Yun Tae Jung,In Hyuk Chung,최영준,Jin Yong Kim,Young-Joon Park,Eun Hwa Choi 대한의학회 2022 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.37 No.1
Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is generally asymptomatic or mild in otherwise healthy children, however, severe cases may occur. In this study, we report the clinical characteristics of children classified as critical COVID-19 in Korea to provide further insights into risk factors and management in children. Methods: This study was a retrospective case series of children < 18 years of age classified as critical COVID-19. Cases were identified by the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency surveillance system and medical records were reviewed. Critical COVID-19 was defined as cases with severe illness requiring noninvasive (high flow nasal cannula, continuous positive airway pressure, or bilevel positive airway pressure) or invasive mechanical ventilation, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) or continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT), between January 20, 2020 and October 7, 2021. Results: Among 39,146 cases diagnosed with COVID-19 in subjects < 18 years of age, eight cases (0.02%) were identified as critical COVID-19. The median age was 13 years (range 10 month–17 years) and male-to-female ratio was 1:1. Three children had underlying diseases; one child has asthma and major depressive disorder, one child had LennoxGastaut syndrome and one child had mental retardation and was newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus with the diagnosis of COVID-19. Among the eight children, seven were obese (body mass index range [BMI] median 29.3, range 25.9–38.2, weight-for-length > 97% for infant) and one was overweight (BMI 21.3). All patients had fever, six patients had dyspnea or cough and other accompanied symptoms included sore throat, headache, lethargy and myalgia. Radiologic findings showed pneumonia within 1–8 days after symptom onset. Pneumonia progressed in these children for 2–6 days and was improved within 5–32 days after diagnosis. Among the eight critical cases, remdesivir was administered in six cases. Steroids were provided for all cases. Inotropics were administered in one case. Six cases were treated with noninvasive mechanical ventilator and three required mechanical ventilator. One case required ECMO due to acute respiratory distress syndrome. All cases were admitted to the intensive care unit and admission period ranged from 9–39 days. Among all critical COVID-19 cases < 18 years of age, there were no fatal cases. Conclusion: To develop appropriate policies for children in the COVID-19 pandemic, it is important to monitor and assess the clinical burden in this population.
Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotube Electrodes Directly Grown on a Glassy Carbon Electrode
Park, Serin,Dong-Won, Park,Yang, Cheol-Soo,Kim, Kwang-Rok,Kwak, Jun-Hyuk,So, Hye-Mi,Ahn, Chi Won,Kim, Beom Soo,Chang, Hyunju,Lee, Jeong-O American Chemical Society 2011 ACS NANO Vol.5 No.9
<P>Three-dimensional microelectrodes were fabricated using glassy carbon electrodes combined with vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (VACNTs). VACNTs were grown on various conducting electrode patterns including a carbon electrode fabricated by pyrolysis of a negative photoresist, with plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition using a bilayer Fe/Al catalyst. VACNT electrodes grown on the glassy carbon showed excellent electrochemical behavior, whereas VACNT electrodes grown on Pt showed poor electrochemical performance, presumably due to the poor contact between VACNTs and the Pt electrode. Electron microscopy showed that the VACNT layer was strongly bound to the carbon electrode, while that on Pt tended to peel away. The versatility of the all-carbon microelectrodes was also tested by using them for interfacing stem cells. Their superior mechanical properties and the electrical connectivity between the carbon electrode and the VACNTs, along with the simple fabrication process, suggest that glassy carbon may be a good conducting substrate for VACNT electrodes.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/ancac3/2011/ancac3.2011.5.issue-9/nn2017815/production/images/medium/nn-2011-017815_0008.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/nn2017815'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>