1999년 고신의료원에서 시행한 자가 말초혈액 조혈모세포 이식의 결과 분석

황현용,김미향,김양수,어완규,박재선,정석훈,이천수 대한임상검사정도관리학회 2001 臨床檢査와 精度管理 Vol.23 No.1

우리나라와 일본의 조혈모세포이식 관련법의 비교검토

송영민(Song, Young-Min) 원광대학교 법학연구소 2021 圓光法學 Vol.37 No.3

조혈모세포는 채취 방식 및 장･단점에 차이가 있지만, 골수･말초혈･제대혈로부터 채취가 가능하다는 기본적인 공통점을 가지고 있다. 조혈모세포이식법과 같은 통합적인 법의 제정은 ① 현행 ｢장기이식법｣ 체계상의 문제점을 해결할 수 있다는 점, ② 골수이식, 제대혈이식, 말초혈이식 등 이들 이식만이 갖는 고유한 기능에 대한 보다 적극적인 연구 및 이용의 활성화가 가능하다는 점, ③ 이들 물질의 통합적 관리시스템의 구축이 가능하다는 점 등의 장점이 있다. 일본은 우리나라에 비해 비교적 입법적 해결이 늦었지만 제대혈이식 성적은 우수한 것으로 알려지고 있다. 이는 조혈모세포이식법상의 골수, 말초혈, 제대혈을 통합하는 조혈모세포이식 데이터 센터(The Japanese Data Center for Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, JDCHCT)를 중심으로 이식받은 환자 및 기증자의 폭넓은 정보를 수집하고 분석한 결과라고 한다. 반면에 우리나라는 각각의 독립된 법체계로 인하여 골수, 말초혈, 제대혈을 통합하는 정보수집과 제공에 일정한 한계가 있음을 부인할 수 없다. 이러한 이유로 의료계 내부에서도 이들 특별법의 상위법인 조혈모세포법의 제정이 필요하다는 의견이 있다. 더 나아가 최근에는 장기 등 이식에 관한 법률, 인체조직안전 및 관리 등에 관한 법률의 통합에 의해 자원의 관리와 배분의 효율성을 높이자는 움직임도 있다. 의생명과학의 발달로 인하여 인체의 다양한 부분을 치료나 연구의 목적으로 사용할 가능성은 점점 더 증가하고 있다. 입법 단계에서는 현재 발생한 문제를 해결하기 위한 단편적 측면이 강조되는 경우가 있다. 그러나 또 다른 한편으로는 장래에 발생가능한 법률문제 해결을 위한 법의 예측기능을 강조해야 하는 경우도 있다. 의생명과학기술의 비약적인 발전은 사전에 예측할 수 없는 법률문제를 발생시킬 수도 있지만 적어도 예측가능한 부분에 대해서는 사전예방적 차원에서 입법작업시에 검토되어야 할 것이다. 그렇다면 이번 기회에 골수, 말초혈, 제대혈을 통합하는 이른바 조혈모세포이식법을 제정하여 조혈모세포의 통합관리와 배분을 기하고 의료기술의 발전에 따른 법의 탄력적인 집행이 가능하게 할 필요가 있다. Although there are different collection methods, advantages and disadvantages in hematopoietic stem cell, it has basic common point to be able to collect from bone marrow, peripheral blood and umbilical cord blood. There are several advantages through integrative legislation like hematopoietic stem cell act, they are as follows. ① it can solve the problem about current ｢Internal Organ Transplant Act｣, ② it can activate more active research and use on unique function of bone marrow transplantation, umbilical cord blood transplantation and peripheral blood transplantation, ③ it can build integrative management system. Japan was late to solve legislatively comparing Korea, however the results of umbilical cord blood transplantation was excellent. This is the result of collecting and analysing wide-ranging information about donee and donor focusing on JDCHCT(the Japanese data center for hematopoietic cell transplantation) integrating bone marrow, peripheral blood, umbilical cord blood. On the other hand, Korea has certain limit to collect and provide the information integrating bone marrow, peripheral blood, umbilical cord blood due to each independent legal system. Thus, there is an opinion to legislate hematopoietic stem cell act, a higher act of this special act, in the medical world. Furthermore, there is a move to enhance efficiency of management and distribution of resource through integrating internal organs, etc. transplant act, and safety, management, etc. of human tissue act. The possibility to use various parts of human body for research and remedy is more and more increasing by development of biomedical science. Fragmentary side would be highlighted to solve current problems in legislative steps, but on the other hand, legal predictive function should be highlighted to solve possible legal problems in the future. Rapid development of biomedical science would generate unpredictable legal problems, but, at least, predictable parts should be examined as a preventive dimension in the legislative work. Therefore, it is necessary to enforce flexible law through integrative management and distribution of hematopoietic stem cell and development of medical technology by legislating so-called hematopoietic stem cell transplantation act that integrates bone marrow, peripheral blood, umbilical cord blood.

말라리아의 이례적인 소견: 사람의 말초혈액에서 관찰된 말라리아 기생충의 편모방출 숫생식자

이경민,함지연,서보영,김유경,이원길 대한임상미생물학회 2012 Annals of clinical microbiology Vol.15 No.4

Exflagellation of the malaria parasite microgametocyte usually occurs in the gut cavity of Anopheles mosquitoes following an infective blood meal. Exflagellation is a very rare event in human blood. Due to its rarity,the appearance of this structure in a peripheral blood smear will easily create a diagnostic dilemma. We report a case of malaria with exflagellated microgametes in human blood that was initially mistaken for a double infection of Plasmodium and another blood flagellate. The patient was a 29-year-old Parkistani man presenting with fluctuating fever accompanied by chills and fatigue for 4 days. Initial peripheral blood smear examination showed a number of Plasmodium ring forms, trophozoites, and gametocytes. Additionally, several filamentous structures resembling blood flagellates were seen. With these features, an initial diagnostic impression of combined infection of malaria and blood flagellate was made. Later, we determined that these structures resembling blood flagellates were exflagellated microgametes of malarial parasite. Therefore, the knowledge that exflagellation may appear in human blood with Plasmodium species infection and being more familiar with differentiation of the morphologic features of other species infection can prevent further possible misinterpretation.

Optimization of Techniques for Isolation and Identification of Bovine Hematopoietic Stem Cells from Peripheral Blood

Dong Kee Jeong,Neelesh Sharma,Jin Nam Kim,Simrinder Sodhi,Sung-Jong Oh 한국동물번식학회 2012 Reproductive & Developmental Biology(Supplement) Vol.36 No.2s

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are the self-renewing, multipotent progenitors that give rise to all types of mature blood cells. The hallmark properties of HSCs are the ability to balance self-renewal versus differentiation cell fate decisions to provide sufficient primitive cells to sustain haematopoiesis, while generating more mature cells with specialized capacities. In the present experiment, we optimized the techniques for isolation and identification of hematopoietic stem cells from cow peripheral blood. The objective of this study was to optimize the more accurate methodology for separation of mononuclear cells (MNCs) from peripheral blood and identification of HSCs by using a specific cell surface marker i.e. CD34. A total 10 peripheral blood samples were collected from Holstein dairy cows from jugular vein. We used Ficoll 400 in different concentrations from 1 to 12% and Ficollpaque Plus (1.077 g/ml) at different centrifugation speed and time. After Giemsa staining, we found more than 98% recovery of monocytes with Ficollpaque Plus (1.077 g/ml). It was demonstrated that Ficollpaque Plus (1.077 g/ml) and centrifugation at 400xg for 30 min is the best method for separation of MNCs from bovine peripheral blood. Separated MNCs were immediately subjected for magnetic activated cell sorting (MACS) by using CD34 microbead kit. HSCs (CD34+ cells) recovery was 0.307% of peripheral blood. Peripheral blood MNCs and CD34+ cells were morphologically characterized by Giemsa staining. CD34+ cells were also confirmed by immunochemistry using FITC conjugated CD34 antibodies. HSCs were also confirmed by progenitor assay including burst forming unit-erythroid (BFU-E), colony forming cells- granulocyte (CFC-G), colony forming cells- macrophage (CFC-M), colony forming cells- granulocyte macrophage (CFU-GM) and colony forming cells- granulocyte erythroid macrophage monocyte (CFCGEMM) on Methocult 4435.

말초혈액 유래 간엽전구세포의 골분화

은석찬,김진희,허찬영,백롱민,장학,민경원 대한성형외과학회 2008 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.35 No.3

Purpose: There are some reports presenting that peripheral blood contain circulating hematopoietic cells as well as, in significantly smaller quantities, mesenchymal stem cells. The purposes of this study is to isolate and characterize circulating mesenchymal progenitor cells with osteogenic potential from human peripheral blood. Methods: Human buffycoat containing mononuclear cells was harvested from peripheral blood of normal persons and isolated using a density gradient centrifugation and serially subcultured in osteogenic media for 1- 4 weeks. The proliferation capability, phase-contrast microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, immunophenotype FACS analysis, Alizarin red staining and RT- PCR assays for osteogenic differentiation potential were performed.Results: The phenotype of cultured cells changed from small round or cuboidal cells at passage 1 into large spindle-shaped fibroblastic morphology cells at passage 4. Surface marker expressed CD14, but did not express CD34, CD80, CD83. Strong positive staining was observed for Alizarin reds in osteogenic medium on day 14, Using RT-PCR, the mRNA levels of bone- specific genes, such as ALP, c-bfa-1 and osteocalcin were detected.Conclusion: A new subset of peripheral blood derived progenitor cells described here has the ability to proliferate and differentiate into osteogenic cell lineages in vitro, and to be candidate for regenerative therapy.

DNA Methylation in Peripheral Blood: A Potential Biomarker for Cancer Molecular Epidemiology

Li, Lian,Choi, Ji-Yeob,Lee, Kyoung-Mu,Sung, Hyuna,Park, Sue K.,Oze, Isao,Pan, Kai-Feng,You, Wei-Cheng,Chen, Ying-Xuan,Fang, Jing-Yuan,Matsuo, Keitaro,Kim, Woo Ho,Yuasa, Yasuhito,Kang, Daehee Japan Epidemiological Association 2012 Journal of epidemiology Vol.22 No.5

<P>Aberrant DNA methylation is associated with cancer development and progression. There are several types of specimens from which DNA methylation pattern can be measured and evaluated as an indicator of disease status (from normal biological process to pathologic condition) and even of pharmacologic response to therapy. Blood-based specimens such as cell-free circulating nucleic acid and DNA extracted from leukocytes in peripheral blood may be a potential source of noninvasive cancer biomarkers. In this article, we describe the characteristics of blood-based DNA methylation from different biological sources, detection methods, and the factors affecting DNA methylation. We provide a comprehensive literature review of blood-based DNA methylation as a cancer biomarker and focus on the study of DNA methylation using peripheral blood leukocytes. Although DNA methylation patterns measured in peripheral blood have great potential to be useful and informative biomarkers of cancer risk and prognosis, large systematic and unbiased prospective studies that consider biological plausibility and data analysis issues will be needed in order to develop a clinically feasible blood-based assay.</P>

Upregulated N6-Methyladenosine RNA in Peripheral Blood: Potential Diagnostic Biomarker for Breast Cancer

Han Xiao,Xiaobo Fan,Rui Zhang,Guoqiu Wu 대한암학회 2021 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.53 No.2

Purpose An effective biomarker for the diagnosis of breast cancer (BC) and benign breast diseases (BBD) is crucial for improving the prognosis. We investigated whether N6-methyladenosine (m6A) can be a diagnostic biomarker of BC.Materials and Methods We detected the contents of peripheral blood m6A in 62 patients with BC, 41 patients with BBD, and 41 normal controls (NCs) using the colorimetric method. The relative expression of the m6A regulated genes methyltransferase-like 14 (METTL14) and fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) was analyzed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.Results m6A in peripheral blood RNA was significantly higher in patients with BC than that in patients with BBD (p < 0.001) or the NCs (p < 0.001). m6A was closely associated with the disease stage (from stage 0 to stage I-IV, p=0.003). The receiver operating characteristic curve of m6A contained an area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.887 in BC, which was greater than that of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) or carbohydrate antigen 153 (CA153). The combination of m6A, CEA, and CA153 improved the AUC to 0.914. The upregulated and downregulated mRNA expression of METTL14 and FTO, respectively, might contribute to the increase of m6A in patients with BC. m6A combined with METTL14 and FTO improved the AUC to 0.929 with a specificity of 97.4% in the peripheral blood of patients with BC.Conclusion The peripheral blood RNA of m6A might be a valuable biomarker for the diagnosis of BC.

Temporal expression profiling of long noncoding RNA and mRNA in the peripheral blood during porcine development

Gu, Yiren,Zhou, Rui,Jin, Long,Tao, Xuan,Zhong, Zhijun,Yang, Xuemei,Liang, Yan,Yang, Yuekui,Wang, Yan,Chen, Xiaohui,Gong, Jianjun,He, Zhiping,Li, Mingzhou,Lv, Xuebin Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2020 Animal Bioscience Vol.33 No.5

Objective: We investigated the temporal expression profiles of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) and mRNA in the peripheral blood of pigs during development and identified the lncRNAs that are related to the blood-based immune system. Methods: Peripheral blood samples were obtained from the pigs at 0, 7, 28, and 180 days and 2 years of age. RNA sequencing was performed to survey the lncRNA and mRNA transcriptomes in the samples. Short time-series expression miner (STEM) was used to show temporal expression patterns in the mRNAs and lncRNAs. Gene ontology and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes analyses were performed to assess the genes' biological relevance. To predict the functions of the identified lncRNAs, we extracted mRNAs that were nearby loci and highly correlated with the lncRNAs. Results: In total of 5,946 lncRNA and 12,354 mRNA transcripts were identified among the samples. STEM showed that most lncRNAs and mRNAs had similar temporal expression patterns during development, indicating the expressional correlation and functional relatedness between them. The five stages were divided into two classes: the suckling period and the late developmental stage. Most genes were expressed at low level during the suckling period, but at higher level during the late stages. Expression of several T-cell-related genes increased continuously during the suckling period, indicating that these genes are crucial for establishing the adaptive immune system in piglets at this stage. Notably, lncRNA TCONS-00086451 may promote blood-based immune system development by upregulating nuclear factor of activated T-cells cytoplasmic 2 expression. Conclusion: This study provides a catalog of porcine peripheral blood-related lncRNAs and mRNAs and reveals the characteristics and temporal expression profiles of these lncRNAs and mRNAs during peripheral blood development from the newborn to adult stages in pigs.

만성 B형 간염환자의 말초혈액에서의 바이러스의 검출 및 자매염색분체교환

최우익(Woo-Ik Choi),김대광(Dae-Kwang Kim) 대한해부학회 1999 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.32 No.5

HBsAg을 보유한 간암환자의 조직에서 hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA가 많이 검출되며, 일부 검출된 HBV-DNA는 숙주세포의 게놈에 통합되어 암유전자들을 활성화 시키는 경우도 있어 간세포에서 검출되는 HBV-DNA는 간암 발생에 중요한 역할을 할 것으로 추정되었다. HBV-DNA는 간조직 다음으로 백혈구에서 가장 많이 검출된다. HBV-DNA가 사람 혈액세포에 존재하여 어떠한 기능을 하는 지는 아직 모르지만, HBV 감염에 의한 여러 병리기전에 관여할 것으로 추정된다. SCE는 체내에 스트레스를 유발하는 물질들을 세포유전학적으로 검출할 수 있는 방법인데 여러 돌연변이물질, 발암물질, 바이러스 감염, 그리고 암에 의해 SCE 빈도가 높게 나타난다. 본 연구에서는 48명의 만성 간염환자의 말초혈액의 DNA에서 HBV-DNA를 34명에서 검출하였다. 말초혈액에서 검출된 HBV-DNA가 백혈구에 어떠한 역할을 하는지 모르지만, HBV-DNA 양성과 음성인 만성 간염환자에서 말초혈액에서의 염색체 불안정성을 조사해 보았다. 두 실험군에서의 SCE 빈도는 대조군 보다도 유의성 있게 높게 나타났으나, HBV-DNA 양성과 음성 실험군 사이에서는 유의성이 없었다. 이 연구에서 말초혈액에서 HBV-DNA의 검출과는 무관하게 간염환자에서 대조군에 비해 높은 빈도의 SCE가 일어나는 것은 B형 간염 바이러스 감염에 의한 결과로 추정되며, 간염환자의 말초혈액에서 검출되는 HBV-DNA는 대부분의 간암에서 검출되는 HBV-DNA와 마찬가지로 비특이적인 것으로 추정된다. 앞으로 HBV 게놈을 구성하는 4개의 유전자중 어느 유전자가 간염환자의 말초혈액에서 검출되며 또 백혈구의 어느 세포에서 발견되는지를 추후 조사해 보고자 한다. In the present study author investigated 48 patients with chronic hepatitis B for the presence of peripheral blood HBV-DNA with the aid of DNA molecular techniques. HBV-DNA was detected in peripheral blood cells in 34 of 48 (70.8%) of chronic HBsAg positive patients. In order to know that the presence of HBV-DNA in peripheral blood induce more chromosomal instability in comparison with the absent, frequency of SCE was analyzed in peripheral blood. In HBV-DNA positive chronic hepatitis B patients a mean frequency of SCE was 11.5452±0.6944, in HBV-DNA negative patients 11.7540±0.7032, respectively. Both groups had significantly higher SCE frequence than that of normal control group (5.8533±0.437) (p<0.05). There was no significant difference between them. This study may suggest that the presence of HBV-DNA in peripheral blood of patients with chronic hepatitis B may be related to certain pathogenetic processes in HBV infection, but it may have no effect on chromosomal instability in peripheral blood.

제대혈관리법안의 검토와 문제점

송영민(Song Young-Min) 한국법학회 2008 법학연구 Vol.29 No.-

법은 이미 발생한 사회문제를 해결하기 위한 기능을 갖고 있지만, 또한 장차 발생할 문제를 예측하고 이에 대한 해결방안을 모색하는 기능도 갖고 있어야 한다. 물론 현재와 같은 생명의료기술의 발달상황에서는 이러한 예측자체가 쉽지는 않을 것이다. 그렇다고 하여 법의 예측기능을 포기할 수는 없는 것이다. 그렇다면 법은 의료현장에서 생기는 의료문제를 항상 모니터하고 이에 대한 적절한 대안을 마련해야 한다. 인체파생물질의 의학적 연구와 치료를 위한 이용에 대해서도 분류하고 유형화하여 체계화하는 작업이 이러한 측면에서 필요한 것이다. 그러므로 조혈모세포를 생산하는 물질을 기준으로 골수ㆍ제대혈ㆍ말초혈을 통합관리하는 조혈모세포이식법과 같은 통합의 형태가 보다 유용할 것이다. 즉 장기이식법에서의 골수에 해당하는 부분과 현재 법적 공백상태에 있는 제대혈 및 말초혈을 묶어, 하나의 새로운 조혈모세포이식법의 형태로 입법화하는 작업이 필요하다. 이러한 형태야 말로 현행 장기이식법의 기형적인 형태를 바로 잡을 수 있고, 제대혈과 말초혈의 의학적 이용의 근거규정을 마련할 수 있는 것이다. 더 나아가 조혈모세포의 의학적 연구는 최근의 새로운 관심사로 대두되고 있어 이러한 부분에 대한 입법작업도 동시에 이루어져야 할 것이다. In general, the law has the function to solve social problems happened already, however it should have the function to forecast the problems which is going to happen in the future and try to seek its sensible solutions. Undoubtedly, it is not easy to forecast the problems under the present development condition of life medical technology. Nevertheless, the forecast function of the law should not be forgiven, and then, the law always should monitor medical problems happened in medical field and prepare suitable alternatives. In this point, the work including classifying, patterning, systemizing would be needed for medical research and remedial usage of the human bodies derivatives. Thus, the combination form, such as Hematopoietic Stem Cells Transplant Law managing Bone Marrow, Umbilical Cord Blood, Peripheral Blood as a whole on the basis of materials producing Hematopoietic Stem Cells, would be more useful. That is, it is necessary to legislate as a sort of new Hematopoietic Stem Cells Transplant Law after combining the part belonging to bone marrow in the Internal Organ Transplant Law with Umbilical Cord Blood and Peripheral Blood under legal blank condition. Additionally, this would be able to rectify the present malformed the Internal Organ Transplant Law, and prepare the base regulations for medical use of Umbilical Cord Blood, Peripheral Blood. Furthermore, the legislations over the medical research of Hematopoietic Stem Cells, being concerned in recent years, should be made at the same time.