Maternal undernutrition alters the skeletal muscle development and methylation of myogenic factors in goat offspring

Zhou Xiaoling,Yan Qiongxian,Liu Liling,Chen Genyuan,Tang Shaoxun,He Zhixiong,Tan Zhiliang 아세아·태평양축산학회 2022 Animal Bioscience Vol.35 No.6

Objective: The effects of maternal undernutrition during midgestation on muscle fiber histology, myosin heavy chain (MyHC) expression, methylation modification of myogenic factors, and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway in the skeletal muscles of prenatal and postnatal goats were examined. Methods: Twenty-four pregnant goats were assigned to a control (100% of the nutrients requirement, n = 12) or a restricted group (60% of the nutrients requirement, n = 12) between 45 and 100 days of gestation. Descendants were harvested at day 100 of gestation and at day 90 after birth to collect the femoris muscle tissue. Results: Maternal undernutrition increased (p<0.05) the fiber area of the vastus muscle in the fetuses and enhanced (p<0.01) the proportions of MyHCI and MyHCIIA fibers in offspring, while the proportion of MyHCIIX fibers was decreased (p<0.01). DNA methylation at the +530 cytosine-guanine dinucleotide (CpG) site of the myogenic factor 5 (MYF5) promoter in restricted fetuses was increased (p<0.05), but the methylation of the MYF5 gene at the +274,280 CpG site and of the myogenic differentiation (MYOD) gene at the +252 CpG site in restricted kids was reduced (p<0.05). mTOR protein signals were downregulated (p<0.05) in the restricted offspring. Conclusion: Maternal undernutrition altered the muscle fiber type in offspring, but its relationship with methylation in the promoter regions of myogenic genes needs to be elucidated. Objective: The effects of maternal undernutrition during midgestation on muscle fiber histology, myosin heavy chain (MyHC) expression, methylation modification of myogenic factors, and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway in the skeletal muscles of prenatal and postnatal goats were examined.Methods: Twenty-four pregnant goats were assigned to a control (100% of the nutrients requirement, n = 12) or a restricted group (60% of the nutrients requirement, n = 12) between 45 and 100 days of gestation. Descendants were harvested at day 100 of gestation and at day 90 after birth to collect the femoris muscle tissue.Results: Maternal undernutrition increased (p<0.05) the fiber area of the vastus muscle in the fetuses and enhanced (p<0.01) the proportions of MyHCI and MyHCIIA fibers in offspring, while the proportion of MyHCIIX fibers was decreased (p<0.01). DNA methylation at the +530 cytosine-guanine dinucleotide (CpG) site of the myogenic factor 5 (MYF5) promoter in restricted fetuses was increased (p<0.05), but the methylation of the MYF5 gene at the +274,280 CpG site and of the myogenic differentiation (MYOD) gene at the +252 CpG site in restricted kids was reduced (p<0.05). mTOR protein signals were downregulated (p<0.05) in the restricted offspring.Conclusion: Maternal undernutrition altered the muscle fiber type in offspring, but its relationship with methylation in the promoter regions of myogenic genes needs to be elucidated.

Insights into high molecular weight poly(ethylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate) with satisfactory appearance: Roles of in-situ catalysis of metal zinc

Xiaoling Qu,Guangyuan Zhou,Rui Wang,Haiyan Zhang,Zhipeng Wang,Min Jiang,Jun Tang 한국공업화학회 2021 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.99 No.-

In pursuit of poly(ethylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate) PEF materials with high molecular weight,satisfactory appearance and faster crystallization rate, its preparation from dimethyl furan-2,5-dicarboxylate (DMFD) with ethylene glycol (EG) in the trace presence of metal zinc was performed viatransesterification method. Optimization of the main polymerization parameters enabled Zn-catalyzedPEF to gain high molecular weight (Mn, 5.40 104 g mol 1) and low content of diethylene glycolfurandicarboxylate unit (DEGF, 2.91%). On the basis of experimental phenomena and high performanceliquid chromatography (HPLC), the actual catalytic active species of metal zinc in the polymerization wasspeculated to be a salt of 2, 5-furandicarboxylate derivative (Zn(II)). The in-stiu catalyst can efficaciouslyinhibit the influence of by-product FDCA on the color of PEF, which displayed quite better appearance(close to white). Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) showed that the in-stiu catalytic system acted asnucleating agent (NA) and the crystallization half-time (t1/2) of PEFs-Zn was only 1/4 of that of PEF-tin. Additionally, series of high molecular weight furan-based polyesters from DMFD and diols with differentmethylene (3, 5, 6 and 8) were obtained by zinc powder as in-stiu catalyst, which further evidenced it tobe efficiency and universality.

Single-nucleus RNA sequencing reveals cell type-specific transcriptome alterations of Down syndrome hippocampus using the Dp16 mouse model

Zhou Zuolin,Zhi Chunchun,Chen Die,Cai Zhaowei,Jiang Xiaoling 한국유전학회 2023 Genes & Genomics Vol.45 No.10

Background Down syndrome (DS), the most frequently occurring human chromosomal disorder, is caused by trisomy 21. The exact molecular effects of trisomy on certain cell populations in the brain remain poorly understood. Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of trisomy on the transcriptomes of various types of neurons and nonneuronal cells in the hippocampus. Methods A total of 8993 nuclei from the WT and 6445 nuclei from the Dp16 hippocampus were analyzed by single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq). Cell clustering was achieved by the Seurat program. Results Hippocampal cells were grouped into multiple neuronal and nonneuronal populations. Only a limited number of trisomic genes were upregulated (q < 0.001) over 1.25-fold in a specific type of hippocampal cell. Specifically, deregulation of genes associated with synaptic signaling and organization was observed in multiple cell populations, including excitatory neurons, oligodendrocytes, and microglia. This observation suggests the potential importance of synapse deficits in DS. Interestingly, GO annotation of the upregulated genes suggested potential activation of the immune system by hippocampal excitatory neurons. Fewer trisomic genes were altered in nonneuronal cells than in neurons. Notably, microglial transcriptome analysis revealed significantly (q < 0.001) increased expression of C1qb and C1qc, which suggested potential involvement of complement-mediated synapse loss mediated by microglia in DS. Conclusion The trisomy-related hippocampal deficits should be driven by a small amount, not all, of the trisomic genes in a specific type of cell. Our work may help to narrow down both the molecular and cellular targets for future gene therapies in DS.

Phenyl VOCs catalytic combustion on supported CoMn/AC oxide catalyst

Guilin Zhou,Xiaoling He,Sheng Liu,Hongmei Xie,Min Fu 한국공업화학회 2015 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.21 No.1

Supported CoMn/AC composite oxide catalysts were prepared by a typical impregnation methodat different calcination temperatures. The prepared CoMn/AC catalysts were characterized, and thecatalytic activity of the prepared supported CoMn/AC oxide catalysts was also investigated by thecatalytic combustion of phenyl volatile organic compounds (VOCs) (benzene, toluene, andethylbenzene). XRD and XPS results indicated that MnCo2O4 and CoMn2O4 were the main crystalphase species in the prepared supported CoMn/AC oxide catalysts. The active components wereobserved to be highly dispersed and had small crystal sizes. The toluene catalytic combustion resultsdemonstrated that the CAT350 catalyst had higher toluene catalytic combustion activity than theCTA250, CAT300, and CAT400 catalysts. The toluene catalytic combustion conversion of the CAT350catalyst exceeded 93.5% at 235 8C, with a decreased toluene concentration in air of less than 130 ppm at250 8C. The order of toluene catalytic activity of the supported CoMn/AC oxide catalystswas as follows:CAT250 < CAT300 CAT400 < CAT350. The catalytic combustion activity and stability of the CAT350catalyst also increased with the increase in reaction temperature. The catalytic activity of the CAT350catalyst was investigated to bring about the complete oxidation of benzene, ethylbenzene, and toluene. The combustibility of phenyl VOCs on the CAT350 catalyst was observed to follow the orderbenzene < ethylbenzene < toluene. Therefore, the differences in the phenyl VOC catalytic combustionperformances of the supported CoMn/AC composite oxide catalysts can be attributed to the differentphysical chemistry properties of the phenyl VOC molecules and the catalyst.

Characterization of AJH-836, a diacylglycerol-lactone with selectivity for novel PKC isozymes

Cooke, Mariana,Zhou, Xiaoling,Casado-Medrano, Victoria,Lopez-Haber, Cynthia,Baker, Martin J.,Garg, Rachana,Ann, Jihyae,Lee, Jeewoo,Blumberg, Peter M.,Kazanietz, Marcelo G. American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Bi 2018 The Journal of biological chemistry Vol.293 No.22

<P>Diacylglycerol (DAG) is a key lipid second messenger downstream of cellular receptors that binds to the C1 domain in many regulatory proteins. Protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms constitute the most prominent family of signaling proteins with DAG-responsive C1 domains, but six other families of proteins, including the chimaerins, Ras-guanyl nucleotide-releasing proteins (RasGRPs), and Munc13 isoforms, also play important roles. Their significant involvement in cancer, immunology, and neurobiology has driven intense interest in the C1 domain as a therapeutic target. As with other classes of targets, however, a key issue is the establishment of selectivity. Here, using [H-3]phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate ([H-3]PDBu) competition binding assays, we found that a synthetic DAG-lactone, AJH-836, preferentially binds to the novel PKC isoforms PKC and PKCE relative to classical PKC and PKCII. Assessment of intracellular translocation, a hallmark for PKC activation, revealed that AJH-836 treatment stimulated a striking preferential redistribution of PKCE to the plasma membrane relative to PKC. Moreover, unlike with the prototypical phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), prolonged exposure of cells to AJH-836 selectively down-regulated PKC and PKCE without affecting PKC expression levels. Biologically, AJH-836 induced major changes in cytoskeletal reorganization in lung cancer cells, as determined by the formation of membrane ruffles, via activation of novel PKCs. We conclude that AJH-836 represents a C1 domain ligand with PKC-activating properties distinct from those of natural DAGs and phorbol esters. Our study supports the feasibility of generating selective C1 domain ligands that promote novel biological response patterns.</P>

Neodymium-Rich Precipitate Phases in a High-Chromium Ferritic/Martensitic Steel

Yinzhong Shen,Xiaoling Zhou,Zhongxia Shang 대한금속·재료학회 2016 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.22 No.3

Neodymium being considered as nitride forming element has been used in a design of advanced ferritic/martensitic (FM) steels for fossil fired power plants at service temperatures of 630 °C to 650 °C to effectively improve the creep strength of the steels. To fully understand the characteristics of neodymium precipitates in high-Cr FM steels, precipitate phases in an 11Cr FM steel with 0.03 wt% addition of Nd have been investigated by transmission electron microscopy. Three neodymium phases with a face-centered cubic crystal structure and different composition were observed in the steel. They consisted of neodymium carbonitride with an average lattice parameter of 1.0836 nm, Nd-rich carbonitride mainly containing Mn, and Nd-rich MN nitride mainly containing Mn and Co. Other three Nd-rich and Nd-containing phases, which appear to be Nd-Co-Cr/Nd-rich intermetallic compounds and Cr-Fe-rich nitride containing Nd, were also detected in the steel. Nd-relevant precipitates were found to be minor phases compared with M23C6 and Nb/V/Ta-rich MX phases in the steel. The content of Nd in other precipitate phases was very low. Most of added Nd is considered to be present as solid solution in the matrix of the steel.

M5C2 Carbide Precipitates in a High-Cr Martensitic Steel

Yinzhong Shen,Bo Ji,Xiaoling Zhou 대한금속·재료학회 2014 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.20 No.3

The precipitate phases in an advanced 11% Cr martensitic steel, expected to be used at 650 °C, have beeninvestigated to understand the effect of precipitates on the creep-rupture strength of the steel. M23C6 andMX precipitates were dominant phases in this steel. Needle-like precipitates with a typical length of 180nm and width of 20 nm; and metallic-element compositions of 53-74Fe, 16-26Cr, 3-18Ta, 2-8W, and 2-4Co(at%); were observed mainly within the martensite laths of the normalized-and-tempered steel. The needle-likeprecipitates have been identified as monoclinic carbide M5C2, which is not known to have been reported previouslyin high chromium steels, or in heat-resistant steels those have been normalized-and-tempered. Thisindicates that the formation of M5C2 carbides can occur in heat-resistant steels produced under appropriatetempering conditions, and that this does not require long-term isothermal aging or creep testing, in all cases.

Postthrombolytic Antiplatelet Use for Patients with Intercerebral Hemorrhage without Extensive Parenchymal Involvement Does Not Worsen Outcome

Weihua Jia,Lichun Zhou,Xiaoling Liao,Yuesong Pan,Yongjun Wang 대한신경과학회 2015 Journal of Clinical Neurology Vol.11 No.4

Background and Purpose It is unclear whether postthrombolytic antiplatelet (AP) therapy after thrombolytic-related hemorrhage without extensive parenchymal involvement (THEPI) afects the clinical outcome. Tis study explored whether AP administration in patients with THEPI afects short- and long-term outcomes. Methods All of the data for this study were collected from the Trombolysis Implementation and Monitor of Acute Ischemic Stroke in China (TIMS-China) registry. Patients with THEPI were assigned to either the AP (AP therapy should be commenced 24 h afer intravenous thrombolysis) or AP-naïve groups. THEPI was defned according to European-Australasian Acute Stroke Study II criteria. Te 90-day functional outcome, 7-day National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, and 7-day and 90-day mortalities were compared between the AP and AP-naïve groups. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the effects of AP therapy on the short- and long-term clinical outcomes. Results Of the 928 patients enrolled from those in the TIMS-China registry (n=1,440), 89 (9.6%) had nonsymptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) within 24–36 h afer thrombolysis; 33 (37%) of these patients were given AP therapy (AP group) and 56 (63%) were not (APnaïve group). No significant differences were found for the risk of 7-day aggravated ICH (p=0.998), 7-day NIHSS score (p=0.5491), 7-day mortality [odds ratio (OR)=3.427; 95% confdence interval (95% CI)=0.344–34.160; p=0.294], 90-day mortality (OR=0.788, 95% CI=0.154– 4.040, p=0.775), or modifed Rankin score 5 or 6 at 90-days (OR=1.108, 95% CI=0.249–4.928, p=0.893) between the AP and AP-naïve groups afer THEPI. Conclusions Early administration of postthrombolytic AP therapy afer THEPI does not worsen either the short- or long-term outcome. AP therapy may be a reasonable treatment option for patients with THEPI to reduce the risk of ischemic stroke recurrence.

CD31 and D2-40 Contribute to Peritoneal Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer by Promoting Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition

( Xinqiang Zhu ),( Gang Zhou ),( Peng Ni ),( Xuetong Jiang ),( Hailong Huang ),( Jianqiang Wu ),( Xiaohong Shi ),( Xiaoling Jiang ),( Jianing Liu ) 대한소화기학회 2021 Gut and Liver Vol.15 No.2

Background/Aims: Colorectal cancer (CRC) patients often exhibit peritoneal metastasis, which negatively impacts their prognosis. CD31 and D2-40 have recently been suggested to be predictors of breast cancer prognosis, but their role in colorectal peritoneal metastasis (CRPM) remains unknown. Methods: The expression profiles of CD31 and D2-40 were analyzed in CRC patients with or without CRPM and in CRC cell lines with increasing metastatic potential. Overexpression and short hairpin RNA knockdown assays were performed in CRC cells, and the effects of these alterations on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in vitro, growth of xenograft tumors in vivo, and peritoneal metastasis potential in a mouse model of CRPM were examined. Results: The expressions of CD31 and D2-40 were upregulated in CRC tumor tissues and was elevated further in tumor tissues from patients with CRPM. CD31 and D2-40 expression levels exhibited increasing trends parallel to the EMT potential of CRC cells. CD31 and D2-40 are essential for CRC cell EMT in vitro as well as for xenograft tumor growth and peritoneal metastasis in vivo. Conclusions: CD31 and D2-40 contribute to CRPM by promoting EMT and may serve as prognostic markers and therapeutic targets for CRC, particularly in patients with peritoneal metastasis. (Gut Liver 2021;15:273-283)

Bioinformatic and integrated analysis identifies an lncRNA–miRNA–mRNA interaction mechanism in gastric adenocarcinoma

Yong Liao,Wen Cao,Kunpeng Zhang,Yang Zhou,Xin Xu,Xiaoling Zhao,Xu Yang,Jitao Wang,Shouwen Zhao,Shiyu Zhang,Longfei Yang,Dengxiang Liu,Yanpeng Tian,Weizhong Wu 한국유전학회 2021 Genes & Genomics Vol.43 No.6

Background lncRNAs–miRNAs–mRNAs networks play an important role in Gastric adenocarcinoma (GA). Identifcation of these networks provide new insight into the role of these RNAs in gastric cancer. Objectives Biological information databases were screened to characterize and examine the regulatory networks and to further investigate the potential prognostic relationship this regulation has in GA. Methods By mining The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, we gathered information on GA-related lncRNAs, miRNAs, and mRNAs. We identifed diferentially expressed (DE) lncRNAs, miRNAs, and mRNAs using R software. The lncRNA–miRNA–mRNA interaction network was constructed and subsequent survival examination was performed. Representative genes were selected out using The Biological Networks Gene Ontology plug-in tool on Cytoscape. Additional analysis of Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) terms were used to screen representative genes for functional enrichment. Reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) were used to identify the expression of fve candidate diferential expressed RNAs. Results Information of samples from 375 cases of gastric cancer and 32 healthy cases (normal tissues) were downloaded from the TCGA database. A total of 1632 DE-mRNAs, 1008 DE-lncRNAs and 104 DE-miRNAs were identifed and screened. Among them, 65 DE-lncRNAs, 10 DE-miRNAs, and 10 DE-mRNAs form lncRNAs–miRNAs–mRNAs regulatory network. Additionally, 10 lncRNAs and 2 mRNAs were associated with the prognosis of GA. Multivariable COX analysis revealed that AC018781.1 and VCAN-AS1 were independent risk factors for GA. GO functional enrichment analysis found DE-mRNA was signifcantly enriched TERM (P<0.05). The KEGG signal regulatory network analysis found 11 signifcantly enrichment networks, the most prevailing was for the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway associated with Diabetic complications. Results of RT-qPCR was consistent with the in silico results. Conclusions The results of the present study represent a view of GA from a analysis of lncRNA, miRNA and mRNA. The network of lncRNA–miRNA–mRNA interactions revealed here may potentially further experimental studies and may help biomarker development for GA.