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Telbivudine-Induced Myopathy: Clinical Features, Histopathological Characteristics, and Risk Factors
Min-Yu Lan,Hui-Chen Lin,Tsung-Hui Hu,Shu-Fang Chen,Chien-Hung Chen,Yung-Yee Chang,King-Wah Chiu,Tsu-Kung Lin,Shun-Sheng Chen 대한신경과학회 2023 Journal of Clinical Neurology Vol.19 No.1
Background and Purpose Oral nucleos(t)ide analogs (NAs) are the mainstay treatment for chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Myotoxicity is an important extrahepatic effect related to NA treatment. Telbivudine is the NA for CHB that is frequently associated with muscle-related side effects. The risk factors for telbivudine-induced myopathy (TIM) are not yet clear. Methods This study characterized the clinical, magnetic resonance images (MRI), and pathological features of 12 TIM cases. A group of telbivudine-tolerant (TT) patients with CHB who received regular telbivudine treatment during the same period without the occurrence of myopathy was collected. Demographic and clinical factors were compared between the patients with TIM and the TT controls. Factors independently associated with TIM were identified using logistic regression analysis. Results The patients with TIM (males/females: 7/5, mean age: 57 years) developed myopathy after using telbivudine for a median period of 19.5 months. Muscle histopathology revealed abnormal proliferation, subsarcolemmal or sarcoplasmic accumulations, and ultrastructural defects of mitochondria. When compared with TT cases, patients with TIM had a lower estimated glomerular filtration rate and were more frequently positive for hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg). Conclusions Mitochondrial abnormalities are characteristic histopathological features, and impaired renal function and HBeAg positivity are risk factors for TIM. Telbivudine-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and immune activation related to mitochondrial damage and HBeAg serostatus changes may underlie TIM. Constant clinical surveillance of myopathy during telbivudine treatment is needed due to the significant latency of its development. Dose adjustment for impaired renal function does not eliminate the risk of TIM occurrence.
Yu Li Lan,Lieh Yung Ping,Li Wen Su,Chien Chih Chen 대한신경정신의학회 2022 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.19 No.3
Objective To explore the impact of the participation of patients with chronic mental illness in health promotion activities on their physical, psychological, and social functions.Methods This study included inpatient with chronic mental illness from a hospital in Eastern Taiwan. According to the experimental research design, the selected subjects were randomly divided into a health promotion group and a control group, with 60 people in each group. The health promotion team conducts health promotion activities twice a week, each for approximately 50 minutes, over the course of eight weeks (16 times in total). The measurement instrument adopts the Adult Mental Health Scale (AMHS) scale. Five experts and scholars in related fields are invited to conduct expert validity.Results Using independent sample t-tests to analyze the changes in the two groups after 8 weeks, the physical, psychological and social problems of the health promotion group were significantly improved compared with the control group.Conclusion Health promotion activities can alleviate the physical illness, anxiety, irritability, depression, and social distress of chronic hospitalized mental patients, and can also increase their positive and optimistic mood. It can provide chronic mental health care institutions to plan patients’ physical activities or exercises.
Temperature Effects on Shoot Growth and Flowering of Kumquat Trees
Yung-Chiung Chang,Iou-Zen Chen,Lian-Hsiung Lin,Yu-Sen Chang 한국원예학회 2014 원예과학기술지 Vol.32 No.1
This study investigated the effects of temperature on the shoot growth and flowering of potted kumquat [Fortunella margarita ( Lour.) Swingle] trees grown in subtropical conditions of I-Lan County in Taiwan. Temperature treatments included T 25-32, T 17-25, T 22, and T 18. The T 25-32 treatment trees were to the day/night temperatures of 25/18°C for 2 weeks, followed by 28 weeks at 32/25°C. T 17-25 was exposed for 4 weeks to 17/10°C followed by 26 weeks at 25/18°C. T 22 and T 18 were exposed at 22/18°C and 18/13°C, respectively, for the entire duration of the experiment. Control trees were placed in a plastic greenhouse under conditions similar to the natural environment. The kumquat trees exposed to high-temperature environment of 32/25°C showed more frequent and speedy sprouting of new buds, but induced the earlier termination of shoot elongation growth, resulting in decreased vegetative growth. The temperature treatments lower than 22°C suppressed the new shoot production but increased the shoot growth period, resulting in increased shoot length and diameter. Temperatures higher than 25/18°C readily induced flowering, with flowering being advanced under the higher temperature conditions such as 32/25°C. However, flowering was substantially inhibited under temperature conditions lower than 22/18°C, indicating the negative role of relatively lower temperatures on flowering of kumquat trees.
Yung-Chung Chen,Yu-Yang Su,Sheng-Huei Hsiao 한국섬유공학회 2019 Fibers and polymers Vol.20 No.9
A series of fluorinated poly(ether imide)s (PEIs) were prepared from asymmetry, bulky featured of 1,2-bis(3,4-dicarboxyphenoxy)-4-tert-butylbenzene dianhydride and various trifluoromethyl-based bis(ether amine)s via conventionalthermal (H) or chemical (C) imidization. All fluorinated PEIs exhibited flexible, good mechanical properties and excellentsolubility in a variety of organic solvents. In addition, the chemical imidization based PEI thin films showed cut-offwavelengths of UV-vis absorptions below 380 nm with very low yellowness index (b* < 5.5). They also exhibited highthermal stability with the 10 % weight loss temperature from 486 to 550 oC of in nitrogen or air atmosphere. Compared withthe corresponding PEIs based on non-fluorinated bis(ether amine)s, fluorinated PEIs not only showed higher opticaltransparency, lower dielectric constants and water absorptions but also maintained thermal and mechanical properties.
Role of Salivary Immune Parameters in Patients With Primary Sjögren’s Syndrome
Yu-Hung Hung,Yung-Hung Lee,Pei-Pei Chen,Yuan-Zhao Lin,Chia-Hui Lin,Jeng-Hsien Yen 대한진단검사의학회 2019 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.39 No.1
Background: Several factors, including clinical manifestations and laboratory data, have been used to evaluate the disease activity of Sjögren’s syndrome (SS). We investigated saliva indicators of disease activity in primary SS patients. Methods: We enrolled 138 Taiwanese patients with primary SS and 100 Taiwanese normal controls. Interleukin (IL)-6, IL-17A, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and rheumatoid factor (RF)-IgA levels in saliva samples were measured using ELISA or fluorescent enzyme-linked immunoassay. Serum IgG, IgA, and IgM levels were measured by nephelometry. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) was measured with an automatic ESR analyzer. The t-test and Pearson correlation test were used. Results: IL-6 level was higher in primary SS patients than in normal controls (14.23±14.77 vs 9.87±7.32, P=0.012), but there were no significant differences in IL-17A, TNF-α, and RF-IgA levels. In primary SS patients, IL-6 level correlated weakly with ESR and IgG levels (r=0.252, P=0.015, and r=0.248, P=0.017, respectively), and TNF-α level correlated weakly with IgG level (r=0.231, P=0.024). Conclusions: IL-6 may play a role in SS pathogenesis. Saliva IL-6 might be an indicator of disease activity in primary SS patients.
Yu Jun Wong,Vy H. Nguyen,Hwai-I Yang,Jie Li,Michael Huan Le,Wan-Jung Wu,Nicole Xinrong Han,Khi Yung Fong,Elizabeth Chen,Connie Wong,Fajuan Rui,Xiaoming Xu,Qi Xue,Xin Yu Hu,Wei Qiang Leow,George Boon-B 대한간학회 2023 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.29 No.3
Background/Aims: Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and fatty liver (FL) often co-exist, but natural history data of this dual condition (CHB-FL) are sparse. Via a systematic review, conventional meta-analysis (MA) and individual patient-level data MA (IPDMA), we compared liver-related outcomes and mortality between CHB-FL and CHB-no FL patients. Methods: We searched 4 databases from inception to December 2021 and pooled study-level estimates using a random- effects model for conventional MA. For IPDMA, we evaluated outcomes after balancing the two study groups with inverse probability treatment weighting (IPTW) on age, sex, cirrhosis, diabetes, ALT, HBeAg, HBV DNA, and antiviral treatment. Results: We screened 2,157 articles and included 19 eligible studies (17,955 patients: 11,908 CHB-no FL; 6,047 CHB-FL) in conventional MA, which found severe heterogeneity (I2=88–95%) and no significant differences in HCC, cirrhosis, mortality, or HBsAg seroclearance incidence (P=0.27–0.93). IPDMA included 13,262 patients: 8,625 CHB-no FL and 4,637 CHB-FL patients who differed in several characteristics. The IPTW cohort included 6,955 CHB-no FL and 3,346 CHB-FL well-matched patients. CHB-FL patients (vs. CHB-no FL) had significantly lower HCC, cirrhosis, mortality and higher HBsAg seroclearance incidence (all P≤0.002), with consistent results in subgroups. CHB-FL diagnosed by liver biopsy had a higher 10-year cumulative HCC incidence than CHB-FL diagnosed with non-invasive methods (63.6% vs. 4.3%, P<0.0001). Conclusions: IPDMA data with well-matched CHB patient groups showed that FL (vs. no FL) was associated with significantly lower HCC, cirrhosis, and mortality risk and higher HBsAg seroclearance probability.
Mutual Funds Herding under Financial Crises : Evidence from Taiwan Stock Markets
Yu-Fen Chen,Sheng-Yung Yang,Fu-Lai Lin 한국재무학회 2012 한국재무학회 학술대회 Vol.2012 No.09
This paper intends to investigate herding behavior of mutual fund managers participated in Taiwan stock market, especially as they were facing the regional and global financial crises in 1997 and 2008. Furthermore, it identifies fund managers’ optimal choices of trading strategies as they are facing the shallow-dish characteristics in Taiwan stock market. The empirical results reveal that fund managers do herd as they are picking up their portfolios. Instead of pursuing stocks with high speculative intensity, mutual fund managers adhere to the prudent rule to trade. However, the trading styles are not robust during the period of 1997 Asian financial crisis.
Growth and Union Acclimation Process of Sweet Pepper Grafted by a Tubing-Grafting Robotic System
Yung-Chiung Chang,Suming Chen,Yi-Chich Chiu,Lian-Hsiung Lin,Yu-Sen Chang 한국원예학회 2012 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.53 No.2
Sweet pepper ‘Andalus’ (Capsicum annuum L. ‘Andalus’) was grafted on chili pepper ‘P’ (Capsicum chinense ‘P’) by hand and by using a tubing-grafting robotic system. After grafting, the growth and condition of the seedlings grafted by machine were similar to that of the seedlings grafted by the traditional hand method. Although the cut interfaces on the mechanically grafted seedlings were more irregular, seedlings’ acclimation process was similar to that of those which had been grafted by hand. This indicates that the tubing-grafting robotic system can be applied generally to grafting operations, thus allowing improvements in production efficiency.