슬관절 골관절염 증상이 환자에게 미치는 우울 효과

박영규,이윤영,이계우,김정아,윤도경,박승회,조경환,홍명호,박용규 대한노인병학회 2001 대한노인병학회지 Vol.5 No.4

A comparison of fixation methods using three-dimensional finite element analysis following anterior segmental osteotomy

Kyoung In Yun,Min-Kyu Park,Myung-Kyun Park,Je Uk Park 대한구강악안면외과학회 2012 대한구강악안면외과학회지 Vol.38 No.6

Objectives: This study sought to evaluate fixation methods and determine the best method for the postoperative stabilization of maxillary osteotomy. For our analysis we performed a three-dimensional finite element analysis of stress distribution on the plate, screw, and surrounding bone, as well as displacement onto the plate. Materials and Methods: We generated a model using synthetic skull scan data; an initital surface model was changed to a solid model using software. Modified anterior segmental osteotomy (using Park’s method) was made using the program, and four different types of fixation methods were used. An anterior load of 100 N was applied on the palatal surface of two central incisors. Results: The Type 1 (L-shaped) fixation method gave stresses of 187.8 MPa at the plate, 45.8 MPa at the screw, and 15.4 MPa at the bone around the plate. The Type 2 (I-shaped) fixation method gave stresses of 186.6 MPa at the plate, 75.7 MPa at the screw, and 13.8 MPa at the bone around the plate. The Type 3 (inverted L-shaped) fixation method gave stresses of 28.6 MPa at the plate, 29.9 MPa at the screw, and 15.3 MPa at the bone around the plate. The Type 4 (I-shaped) fixation method gave stresses of 34.8 MPa at the plate, 36.9 MPa at the screw, and 14.9 MPa at the bone around the plate. The deflection of the plates for the four fixation methods was 0.014 mm, 0.022 mm, 0.017 mm, and 0.018 mm, respectively. Conclusion: The Type 3 (inverted L-shaped) fixation method offers more stability than the other fixation methods. We therefore recommend this method for the postoperative stabilization of maxillary osteotomy.

地域經濟活性化를 위한 農村市場開發에 관한 硏究 : 忠南 禮山地域市場을 中心으로

尹畯相,李武鉉,申尹撤,洪性贊,朴奉圭 公州大學校 産業開發硏究所 1994 産業開發硏究 Vol.2 No.-

Since the first year economic development plan, imblanced development of national territory during the economic development process has aggravated remarkable disparity between urban and rural areas. For this reason, this study introduced the development of rural market as one of the development strategies of regional economic to correct the imblance and relieve regional disparity. The purpose of this study were to look into the present situation of traditional rural market and to analyze the problems for the rural development in view of the current road situations in the rural areas and status of marketing facilities in market center and to measure the degree of rural area people's satisfaction to the rural market and to suggest the development plan of activating for rural market center. To collect data, the Yesan Gun rural market were selected and a total of 591 residents and 178 merchants were sampled as final subjects of survey. Interview and/or questionnaire method was the main method of data collection. The major findings of this study were as follows: 1) The population of Yesan Gun has decreased 2.85 persons per year from in 1984, but the number of vehicles were increased 2.85 times than in 1989. And the parking capacity of Yesan Eup was only 129 vehicles which were below of the total vehicles of Yesan Gun area (14,352). The number of Yesan area markets were 8 markets which consisted of 1 permanent market and 7 periodic markets. But as the economy has been developed, the conditions of rural markets have been changing. That is, the role of periodic market tends to be weakened with the growth of large cities, reinforcement of permanent markets, development of traffic facilities, large production, preferring high quality goods. 3) Generally, the people of Yesan Gun were attached for purchasing the necessaries of life and comodities and farming materials to ① Yesan Eup ② Seoul ③ Chonan Shi ④ Hongsung gun ⑤ Daejeon Shi. 4) The degree of community people's satisfaction to the town market presented 26.6% which meaned higher than dissatisfaction(9.5%). And the degree of people's inconvenience of accessibility to market center by transferring of bus terminal presented 64.2% which meaned higher than average. 5) The degree of people's dissatisfaction of traffic system in Yesan gun area presented followings: the road networks(61.5%), parking facility(68%), bus route(54%). 6) By the survey of merchants of Yesan gun area, on the average, it showed followings: the size of store was 6-10 pyeong(40%), the type of enterprise was retail dealer(70.9%), and purchasing place was wholesale dealer from Seoul(51.8%). 7) And they thought that Yesan town market were too small(70.8%), and the diversifying of goods was not enough(35.5%). 8) The merchants of Yesan area showed that the degree of into venience to traffic system was 72.7% and its to parking facility was 83.3%. And they complained that community administration agency have not tried to activate market(79.1%). Based on the results of this study, the following recommendation were made for activating regional economy and community market. That is, it is to strengthen the economic function in community market so as to suffice the economic and social activities for settlement area as their living space. And it is necessary to improve the interrelationship of the central functions. 1) So, the accessibility between market center and its surrounding areas must be rised. ① the enforcing preferentially to pave the bus terminal and market center to link two place. ② the running of shuttle-bus two place every regular market day. ③ the widening and connecting the road to rise accessibility between market center and its surrounding area. ④ the enforcement of parking facility around market center. ⑤ the constructing marketing centered area as intergrated body of various marketing facilities in the adjacent site is the centered area planned to achieve efficient marketing. 2) The modernization and specialization market center facilities. 3) The strengthening of drawing surrounding area people into Yesan market center. So, the following recommended: ① the development of special products market ② inducing special projects ③ the development tour and leisure course drawing industrial facilities. 4) And it needs to enforce community people's local patriotism and to support community markets by administration agency.

경호업무의 인적구성요소와 그 상호관계

박윤규 龍仁大學校 武道硏究所 1997 武道硏究所誌 Vol.8 No.2

What sort of people make good bodyguards? What sort of people make good protecters? These are very important questions because they affect the relationship between the bodyguard and his client, and they affect the strength of the operation. Many executives and other potential clients as well as aspiring bodyguards, don´t truly know what makes for a good protective effort, partly because they get their ideas from television. The human factors will make the protective operation be successful or break it. Equipment and gadgets are no better than the people who use them. Careful choosing and blending of the right people can make a winning team. When taking on a client, it´s important to arrive at an understanding at the outset. A bodyguard ought to inform his client about his protective services, and make him aware of the need for cooperation from him, his family and his staff. It´s vital that he understand that the bodyguard requires certain perquisites and privileges, not as a ˝power trip,˝ but to help ensure his safety. Obtaining the client´s cooperation is vital to the protective effort. Despite this, we may find some clients to be recalcitrant. If the client´s lack of cooperation endangers him severly, it´s best to drop him and advise him to hire someone else. We may not like losing a client, but it´s better to lose him this way than by having him killed while in our charge. It also beats getting ourselves arrested for aiding a client´s illegal activity. The damage to our reputation will lose us many more potential clients.

발화기구의 정량적 해석을 위한 재현 실험 : 1차년도 전기화재 재현 Reconstruction for Electrical Fire

박남규,김상현,김진표,김윤희,문병선,조영진 內務部 國立科學搜査硏究所 2001 國立 科學 搜査 硏究所 年報 Vol.33 No.-

HL-60 세포주를 이용한 결핵균항원의 세포성면역반응의 분석

박정규,강윤중,김운옥,임재현,송창화,조은경,김화중 충남대학교 의학연구소 2001 충남의대잡지 Vol.28 No.2

Most persons who become infected with M. tuberculosis mount a protective immune response and remain clinically well, the only evidence of infection being development of a positive tuberculin skin test. Five to 10% develop tuberculosis disease within the first 2 years after infection (primary tuberculosis) or thereafter (reactivation tuberculosis). Acquired resistance against tuberculosis paradigmatically rests on cell-mediated immunity, with the major factors being mononuclear phagocytes and T Lymphocytes. While the former cells act as the principal effectors, the latter ones serve as the predominant inducers of protection. The usefulness of the single dose of BCG routinely given in childhood in many developing countries in preventing far more commonly occurring tuberculosis in adults is in doubt. An effective and safe vaccine against tuberculosis is sorely needed. A subunit vaccine are capable of inducing protective immunity and could have substantial advantages over BCG or other whole-bacterium vaccines. The human promyelocytic cell line HL-60 adopted characteristic macrophage-like properties, including adherence and CD14 expression after a period of continuous culture at high ambient CO_(2) concentration. When HL-60 cells were cultured with 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D_(3) for 4 days, the cells acquired the activity to potentiate T cell proliferation by the 30 kDa or 38 kDa antigen of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv Therefore, vitamin D-treated HL-60 cells showed the function of the antigen presenting cells.

신사구체 경변증을 나타내는 FGS/NgaKist mice 간장에서 사이토크롬 P4501A1/2 단백질 발현

정규식,현병화,이철호,박상준,최양규,류시윤,이차수,민병길 대한해부학회 1997 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.30 No.2

地方行政機關의 力量培養

박윤규 용인대학교 산업경영연구소 1998 산업경영논총 Vol.3 No.-

The central-local government relationship can be regarded as the management of organizational complexity under condition of interdependence; a degree of pluralism is inescapable. The study of local government has been dominated by two concerns. The first concern is the question of decentralization: what should be the powers and capabilities of local government in modern states? The second is the question of reorganization, expressed in terms of how ‘best’ to organize local government unit to provide public services. The second concern raises another question: why local government, not central government? The rationale for local government usually stresses two related aspects. First, by having decisions made at the local level, local government is an efficient agent for providing services. Second, by having local decision making, local government is responsive to the community. Local government is a political institution which responds to the demands and wishes of those who love and work within a particular boundary and satisfies them efficiently. The focus of the study of local government is not the national system downward to the locality, but the system of government at the locality. There are differing needs to be met under differing conditions. Pressures and demands upon government involves the study of the capacity to take into account of what is particular to a locality. It involves the study of the capacity of government to respond to difference, which implies a capacity for local choice. The study of local government is not merely about the capacity to respond to difference but is also about the capacity to create difference. The services provided by government shape the way of life of communities. They interact in their impact on a locality. The study of local government involves a study of the planning process reforming local government, which involves a study of local choice in direction. The ultimate purpose of the public domain is to constitute political conditions which capture the twin principles: (1) to secure private rights against public depredations and (2) to secure public authority from powerful private interests. The public authority has the responsibility of constituting a community or society which has the capacity to make public choices. This requires constitutive conditions which integrate the strength of both representativeness and participation. The former ensures the feasibility of public choice and action for the public interest to be achieved, and the latter ensures plurality of interests to be voiced and discussed. The essential rationale of the politics of local government is not to provide public services efficiently but to create representative government.

警護理論에서 威脅의 分析

박윤규 龍仁大學校 1997 용인대학교 논문집 Vol.14 No.-

Professional bodyguards agree upon some points, and differ widely in others. Sometimes this is the result of ignorance and an "unprofessional" attitude. Generally, the best way to protect the client is to anticipate troubles and take steps to avoid it. This demands an effort at gathering information about the client. possible enemies and potential threats. Basically, we have to understand what sort of throats are on the horizon, and how vulnerable the protectee is to these threats. There are only a few types of threats, which is fortunate because they're serious enough: impersonal threats and personal attacks. The types of threats in order of increasing seriousness are crowds, special individuals, Pranksters and nuisances. unfriendly crowds. kidnappers, individual assassins and hostile groups and organizations. Another type of threat is the individual masquerading as a group. In assessing the likelihood of a client's being attacked, the security specialist has to consider a number of related aspects. One is his client's character and occupation. Usually, this is obvious, and is the reason the client hired him. The next is the level of attacks in the locale. While some attacks are truly unpredictable, there are usually cues for the alert protection specialist. The term "stalker" is conventionally used only for individuals, but we should recognize that a professional terrorist or kidnapping group also stalks its targets. With more personnel and talent available, groups can be more effective in stalking, and because individual members take turns keeping the target under observation, they're less likely to make themselves conspicuous to the target or his bodyguards. Threats assessment is a matter of using eyes, ears and common sense. There's nothing arcane about perceiving and understanding threats. Likewise, preparing to cope with them is mostly common sense, fortified by some technical skills.

대장균의 GlnE 유전자 조절 부위의 염기서열 분석에 관한 연구

박종환,이영규,노연희,구자현 건국대학교 1996 學術誌 Vol.40 No.2

The enzymatic activity of glutamine synthetase (GS) which is a major enzyme assimilating nitrogen in enteric bacteria is modulated by a bicyclic cascade that consists in adenylylation / deadenylylation of GS and uridylylation / deuridylylation of a regulatory protein PII. The adenylylation of GS converts the enzyme to an inactive form. The cunverter enzyme for the adenylylation / deadenylylation cycle is adenylyltransferase (AT), a bifunctional enzyme. It is known that many of regulatory proteins of GS are affected by the nitrogen content in medium. In this study, glnE gene sequence from BamHI to Sali restriction site was determined to elucidate the possibility of its nitrogen sensing ability by searching the consensus sequence(WGCA) found in other nitrogen utilizing operons. The results are as follows ; 1) The nucleotide length of a part of glnE gene was 1203 dp and the initial codon ATG was determined by comparing the sequence with 13 amino acid residues from N-terminus of AT. 2) The probable consensus sequence TTGCA showing high homology with those of other nitrogen utilizing operons was found at 43 bp upstream region from the start point. Actual nitrogen sensing capability of glnE gene should be tested to find the complex regulatory mechanism of GS cascade system for further study.