STS 프로그램이 중학생들의 과학에 관련된 태도에 미치는 효과

정완호,김영신,권용주 한국교원대학교 과학교육연구소 1995 청람과학교육연구논총 Vol.5 No.1

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of STS Programs on science-related attitude of junior high school students. For this study, samples of 198 students who are in grade 8 were selected. The eight STS Programs were used in this study. One group pretest-posttest design was used in this study as an experimental design. The TOSRA was used in this study as the science-related attitude evaluation instrument. The major results of this study are as followings: 1. The effects of STS programs about the junior high school students' science-related attitude indicated that there were no statistically significant differences between pretest and posttest. 2. Total students were classified as high(above about mean) or low (bellow about mean) on the basis of science-related attitude pretest scores. The low level students have improved from using of STS programs in teaching science on science-related attitude scores. The high level students have dropped from using of STS programs in teaching science on science-related attitude scores.

Cyclodextrin Glucanotransferase와 Cyclodextrinase를 생산하는 Bacillus 속 세균의 분리와 그 효소들의 특성

권현주,남수완,김광현,곽영규,김병우 한국미생물생명공학회 ( 구 한국산업미생물학회 ) 1996 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.24 No.3

토양으로부터 CGTase와 CDase를 함께 분비·생산하는 내열성 세균을 분리하였으며, 동정결과 Bacillus stearothermophilus로 판명되어 KJ16으로 명명하였다. Bacillus stearothermophilus KJ16 균주는 회분배양할 경우 2단계 성장을 하며 일차증식기에 CGTase를 생산하고 이차증식기에 CDase를 생산하는 양상을 보였다. 배치 pH를 7.0으로 조절하면서 배양할 경우, CGTase는 균의 증식에 따라 증가하고 CDase는 CGTase보다 뒤에 생산되었다. 그 생산양은 pH 비조절 배양에 비해 CGTase는 최대 12배(1300 mU/ml)까지, CDase는 2배(225 mU/ml)정도 증가되었다. 분리균주가 생산하는 CGTase는 분자량이 65,000 dalton으로 pH 6.0, 60℃에서 최적활성을 보이며 HPLC 분석을 통해 α-, β-, γ-CD를 42: 46: 12의 비율로 생산하는 α/β 혼합형 CGTase였다. 또한 CDase는 분자량이 68,000 dalton으로 pH 6.0, 55℃에서 최적활성을 보이며 최적기질은 γ-CD였다. A bacterium named as Bacillus stearothermophilus KJ16. The growth of the isolated strain occurred in two steps, and syntheses of CGTase and CDase were dependent on the growth cycle of the cell. CGTase was constitutively synthesized during the 1st growing phase, while CDase was synthesized inducibly during the 2nd growing phase. When the medium pH was controlled at 7.0, the maximun enzyme activities of CGTase and CDase were increased by 12-fold(1300 mU/ml) and 2-fold (225 mU/ml), respectively, compared with the pH-uncontrolled batch culture. The CGTase of the isolate converted soluble starch to CDs with the ratio of α-CD: β-CD: γ-CD=42:46:12 at 55℃. The optimal pH and temperature of CGTase were 6.0 and 60℃, respectively and the optimal pH and temperature of CDase were 6.0 and 55℃. The molecular weights of the purified CGTase and CDase were estimated to be 65,000 and 68,000 dalton, respectively. Among serveral substrates, γ-CD was most rapidly hydrolyzed by the purified CDase.

몇 가지 항진균제가 Aspergillus fumigatus에 의한 대식세포의 Cytokine 생산에 미치는 영향

권은영,박철민,박선희,최수미,이동건,유진홍,신완식,최정현 대한감염학회 2007 감염과 화학요법 Vol.39 No.1

배경 : 현재 임상에서 사용되는 서로 다른 계열의 항진균제가 면역세포인 폐 대식세포(alveolar macrophage)에서의 cytokine 생산과 nuclear factor- κB (NF- κB)활성에 미치는 영향을 시험관내에서 파악하고 그 의미를 추론해 보고자 하였다. 재료 및 방법 : AmB, MF, ITZ 등 세 가지 항진균제가 쥐의 폐 대식세포인 RAW264.7 세포의 생존에 미치는 영향과, 이들 항진균제의 전처치가 Aspergillus fumigatus conidia 자극에 의한 RAW264.7 세포에서의 TNF-α, IL-10 생산, NF-κB 활성에 미치는 영향, 그리고 GMCSF와의 상승 작용 등을 WST-1, ELISA, western blot assay를 이용해 통해 측정하였다. 결과 : AmB, MF, ITZ 모두 농도 의존적으로 RAW264.7 세포의 생존을 감소시켰다. A. fumigatus conidia 자극으로 RAW264.7 세포에서 TNF-α 생산이 증가하였으며, 세포 생존에 영향을 미치지 않는 농도의 AmB를 전처치하고 conidia로 자극한 경우 TNP-α 생산에는 차이를 보이지 않았으나, MF와 ITZ을 전처치한 경우에는 TNF-α 생산이 감소하였다. GM-CSF는 AmB 전처치 및 A. fumigatus conidia 자극에 의한 TNF-α 생산에 상승 효과를 보였으나, MF, ITZ은 GM-CSF에 의한 상승 효과를 보이지 않았다. IL-10은 AmB에 의해 생산량이 증가하였으며 GM-CSF와 동시 투여시 IL-10 생산이 유의하게 상승하였다. MF와 ITZ 역시 RAW264.7 세포에서 IL-10 생산을 유도하였으나 AmB에 비해 상승폭이 적었으며 GM-CSF와의 상승 효과는 관찰되지 않았다. A. fumigatus conidia는 NF- κB를 활성화하였으며 항진균제와 GM-CSF 등 약제 처치에 따른 NF-κB의 활성 정도는 분비된TNF-α와 IL-10의 생산 정도와 상관관계를 보였다. 결론 : AmB, MF, ITZ 등 본 연구에 사용된 항진균제는 시험관내에서 A. fumigatus conida로 자극하는 RAW264.7 세포에 전처치함으로써 염증성 cytokine인 TNF-α의 생산을 감소시키고 항염증성 cytokine인 IL-10의 생산을 증가시키는 면역 조절 효과를 나타낼 수 있음이 관찰되었다. 추후 약제간의 면역조절 기능 차이가 항진균효과에 미치는 영향 및 약제에 따른 면역 조절 경로 등에 대한 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다. Background : We wanted to evaluate the immunomodulatory effect of three antifungal agents, amphotericin B (AmB), micafungin (MF), itraconazole (ITZ), in the aspect of cytokine production and expression of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) in the Aspergillus fumigatus conidia treated-RAW264.7 cells, a murine alveolar macrophage cell line. Materials and Methods : We evaluated cytotoxic effect of antifungal agents using commercial cell proliferation assay. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-10 production according to stimulation (control, A. fumigatus conidia only, conidia + antifungal drug, conidia + antifungal drug + GM-CSF) was evaluated and compared each using commercial ELISA method. NF-κB activation was evaluated by western blot analysis. Results : AmB, MF, ITZ showed dose-dependent cytotoxic effect on the tested cells. Stimulation of cells by A. fumigatus conidia induced TNF-α production. Pretreatment of AmB at concentration not affecting cellular survival did not change the production of TNF-α compared to conidia treated cells, but pretreament of MF or ITZ showed reduced amount of TNF-α production compared to conidia treated cells. AmB also showed synergistic effect on TNF-α production when simultaneously treated with GM-CSF. IL-10 production was markedly increased when the cells were treated with AmB with conidia. MF and ITZ induced less increase of IL-10 production than AmB. AmB also showed synergistic effect on the production of IL-10 when treated with GM-CSF simultaneously. A. fumigatus conidia enhanced expression of NF-κB. The degree of NF-κB expression was associated with the amount of TNF-α and IL-10 produced. Conclusion : The antifungal agents we used in this experiment showed that decreased TNF-α production and increased IL-10 production from the RAW264.7 cells stimulated by A. fumigatus conidia after pretreatment of antifungal agents. But more studies, such as the association between immunomodulatory effect, antifungal activity and difference of signal pathway of cellular activation according to drugs should be performed.

산성우에 의한 토양내의 이온 거동에 관한 연구

권영식,송승완 연세대학교 보건과학연구소 1995 보건과학논집 Vol.5 No.-

수정진동자에 의한 Langmuir-Blodgett(LB) 누적막의 평가

권영수,장상목,김기완 경북대학교 센서기술연구소 1991 센서技術學術大會論文集 Vol.2 No.1

AT-cut quartz crystals and SAW devices were applied as immunosensors and chemical vapour sensors coated with PG, PI, PE, PS and lipid A were useful for determine of amylacetate, acetoin, menthone and other organic vapours, which showed different affinities for each lipid. We conducted that the key problems of our sensor system for practical application are life time and reproducibility from our results. The most important points are chemical instability of natural lipid materials and randomness of coating method. In this paper, we combined an artificial lipid with a piezoelectric crystal in order to improve stability of our sensor. LB technique was applied to produce uniform lipid layers on the crystals. Relationships between frequency change and number of LB layers are also discussed.

Cyclodextrin Glucanotransferase와 Cyclodextrinase를 생산하는 Bacillus 속 세균의 분리와 그 효소들의 특성

권현주,남수완,김광현,곽영규,김병우 동의대학교 기초과학연구소 1997 基礎科學硏究論文集 Vol.7 No.1

A bacterium producing Cyclodextrin Glucanotransferase (CGTase) and Cyclodextrinase (CDase) was isolated from soil, and named as Bacillus stearothermophilus KJ16 . The growth of the isolated strain occurred in two steps, and syntheses of CGTase and CDase were dependent on the growth cycle of the cell. CGTase was constitutively synthesized during the 1st growing phase. while CDase was synthesized inducibly during the 2nd growing phase. When the medium pH was controlled at 7.0, the maximun enzyme activities of CGTase and CDase were increased by 12-fold (1300 mU/ml) and 2-fold (225 mU/ml), respectively, compared with the pH-uncontrolled batch culture. The CGTase of the isolate converted soluble starch to CDs with the ratio of α-CD:β-CD:γ-CD=42:46:12 at 55℃. The optimal pH and temperature of CGTase were 6.0 and 60℃,respectively and the optimal pH and temperature of CDase were 6.0 and 55℃. The molecular weights of the purified CGTase and CDase were estimated to be 65,000 and 68,000 dalton, respectively, Among serveral substrates, γ-CD was most rapidly hydrolyzed by the purified CDase.

高眞空下에서 브롬화벤질류와 이소퀴놀린과의 親核性 置換反應에 관한 速度論的 硏究

권병일,임종완,김영철 漢陽大學校 自然科學硏究所 1997 自然科學論文集 Vol.16 No.-

전기전도도법에 의해 아세토니트릴 용매내에서 브롬화벤질류(p-CH₃, p-H, p-NO₂)와 isoquinoline과의 반응을 고진공하에서 온도(15, 20, 25℃)변화에 따라 속도론적으로 연구하였다. 이때 반응속도상수는 온도가 증가함에 따라 증가하였으며, 또한 기질에 전자 주게 치환체(p-CH₃)가 치환된 경우 증가하였다. 이들 반응속도상수로 부터 활성화에너지(Ea), 활성화엔탈피(???), 활성화엔트로피(???), 활성화자유에너지(???) 및 Hammett 반응상수 ρ를 구하였으며, 이러한 속도론적 연구로 부터 전반적인 반응메카니즘은 dissociative ??? 반응으로 진행됨을 알 수 있었다. Rate of reactions of p-substituted benzyl bromides(p-CH₃, p-H, p-NO₂) with isoquinoline have been measured by conductivity method in acetonitrile, which was determined under vapor pressure of the solution obtained by using high vacuum apparatus, by kinetic studies at several temperatures. The rate constants are increased as a function of temperatures and are further increased by introducing the electron donating substituents in substrates. The activation energies (Ea), activation parameters(???,???,???)and Hammett ρ values are calculated from the rate constants and, generally, the results of these studies show a greater degree of bond breaking than bond formation in the transition state.

고관절근력강화운동이 뇌졸중환자의 기능증진에 미치는 효과

강권영,이완희 한국전문물리치료학회 2006 한국전문물리치료학회지 Vol.13 No.3

The purpose of this study was to determine the consequence of resistance strengthening exercise on the hip flexor and extensor to improve functional mobility in stroke patients with more than six months poststroke. Seventeen patients were randomized as two groups. Both groups received conventional physical therapy for six weeks. In addition, the experimental group performed eccentric resistance strengthening exercise in the hip flexor and extensor using isokinetic dynamometer. The hip flexor and extensor strength, stair up and down, Timed get up and go (TUG), 10 m gait velocity, and functional reach were repeatedly measured at baseline, three weeks, and six weeks after treatment. The results were followed: The first, the experimental group improved more remarkably in the hip flexor and extensor strength, stair up and down, and 10 m gait velocity at each three weeks and six weeks after treatment than baseline (p<.05). The second, the control group improved significantly in the hip flexor and extensor strength, and 10 m gait velocity at three weeks after treatment than baseline (p<.05). The third, at each three and six weeks, the experimental group made greater gains in the hip flexor and extensor strength, stair up and down, and 10 m gait velocity than control group (p<.05). In conclusion, it is desirable to perform resistance strengthening exercises combined with conventional physical therapy to improve functional mobility in chronic stroke.

초등학교 자연과에서의 야외 수업 실태와 개선 방안 및 지도 방략

정완호,권치순,김재영,임채성 한국교원대학교 과학교육연구소 1996 청람과학교육연구논총 Vol.6 No.1

When we consider the developmental level of children, minds-on/hands-on experiences have very important value for effective science learning. As a basis for the development of outdoor-inquiry materials, we surveyed the status of outdoor activities in the elementary school science, then analyzed the data. Data were obtained from fifty-one teachers of nineteen elementary schools. Most of them (about 80%) recognized the necessity of outdoor instruction. However, they were using the outdoor activities 1.7 times at average per school year in practice. Most of these activities were practiced within school or nearby areas including parks. The major reasons for these poor use of outdoor activities presented by respondents were the cognitive characteristics of children and the excessive amount of science content to be covered. Also, these outdoor activeities were focused only to the observations in natural environment and cognitive aspects. Several factors, such as the lack of time, appropriate outdoor sites and instructional materials, and the insufficient experiences on the outdoor activities of teacher oneself, were acknowledged. These results have implications for the development of instructional materials for both of children and teachers. In this study, we suggested the effective instructional methods at outdoor environment in relation to the characteristics of children, topics, and sites.

STS 교육운동의 국내 연구 경향 분석과 적용 방안에 관한 조사 연구

정완호,권용주,김영신 한국교원대학교 과학교육연구소 1993 청람과학교육연구논총 Vol.3 No.1

The purposes of this study are to analyse trend of STS movement in Korea and to collect basic data on application of STS to school science education. It investigated, from 1990 to March 1993, journals of 6 associations, a monthly magazine of science education, and printed materials of seminars or workshops about science education. It also surveied a question to 47 science teachers and 26 researchers who had experienced STS workshop. The results of the study are as follows: (1) The studies of STS increased since 1990, but they are made at a introduction or background of STS. (2) The 98.7% of the respondents want to apply STS in school science education. (3) They responded that a device for the application of STS which is added last part of each chapter or last chapter, will use the STS program that made by subject, still maintain current science curriculum. (4) They responded that the knowledge & compreshion domain and inquiry process domain contain more high than others. (5) The STS subjects for application to the school science education are as follows: Environment pollution, science for living, ethics of science, human health and disease, information communication, an ecosystem destruction, development and storage of natural resources. This study suggested that establishment of a research institute for systematic research of STS, in-service training, a new evaluation process, a balancing of other subjects and increasing learning hour and changing objectives.