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우성주,박예진,황순호,홍유화,김남재,김인종,김신규 慶熙大學校 1996 論文集 Vol.25 No.-
Tetrahydroberberine-13-one was treated with ethylchloroformate to give the C_8-N bond cleaved product 1. On the treatment with Lawesson's reagent (LAS), chloroketone 2 derived from the hydrolysis of 1 afforded the thioketone 3. On the other hand, spirotype-chloroketone 4 was transformed to diaziridine 8 by a reduction, chlorination and aziridine introduction. Also, spirotype-chlorothioketone 6 was obtained from chloroketone 4.
공성화,방찌야,서민숙,현신숙,김희정,이미애1,이미애2,유현희,허재경,김은애,박경숙 성인간호학회 2004 성인간호학회지 Vol.16 No.1
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the knowledge and attitudes of oncology ward nurses toward cancer pain management and to find ways to improve the educational program for nurses. Method: A total of 209 nurses working at the oncology ward of three hospitals in Seoul and a Gyenggi Province. The survey instrument used was the 32-item scale for evaluating nurses knowledge and attitudes originally developed by McCaffery and Ferrell'(1990). that was by Kim'(1997). Result: In terms of the nurses knowledge of pain management. the result showed that the nurses scored an average of 67.8 out of 100 for phamacokinetics of opioids. 84.8 for classification of analgesics, 60.1 for pain assessment, and 70.7 for drug administration. 18.2% of the nurses hesitate to inject the narcotic agent because of concerns regarding the drug's potential side effects. there was significant difference in the knowledge of pain management according to the general characteristics of pain in terms of the nurses age(p=.001), position (p=.016). years of experiences(p=.002), experience of cancer pain education(p= .001). Conclusion: The also showed that nurses working at cancer ward lack knowledge. It is important to provide intensive education to nurses about cancer pain management.
의식이 명료한 다발성 외상환자에게 전신 전산화단층촬영이 반드시 필요한가?
문유호 ( You Ho Mun ),김윤정 ( Yun Jeong Kim ),신수정 ( Soo Jeong Shin,),박동찬 ( Dong Chan Park ),박신율 ( Sin Ryul Park ),류현욱 ( Hyun Wook Ryu ),서강석 ( Kang Suk Seo ),박정배 ( Jung Bae Park ),정제명 ( Jae Myung Chung ),배지 대한외상학회 2010 大韓外傷學會誌 Vol.23 No.2
Purpose: Whole-body CT is a very attractive diagnostic tool to clinicians, especially, in trauma. It is generally accepted that trauma patients who are not alert require whole-body CT. However, in alert trauma patients, the usefulness is questionable. Methods: This study was a retrospective review of the medical records of 146 patients with blunt multiple trauma who underwent whole body CT scanning for a trauma workup from March 1, 2008 to February 28, 2009. We classified the patients into two groups by patients` mental status (alert group: 110 patients, not-alert group: 36 patients). In the alert group, we compared the patients` evidence of injury (present illness, physical examination, neurological examination) with the CT findings. Results: One hundred forty six(146) patients underwent whole-body CT. The mean age was 44.6±18.9 years. One hundred four (104, 71.2%) were men, and the injury severity score was 14.0±10.38. In the not-alert group, the ratios of abnormal CT findings were relatively high: head 23/36(63.9%), neck 3/6(50.0%), chest 16/36(44.4%) and abdomen 9/36(25%). In the alert group, patients with no evidence of injury were rare (head 1, chest 6 and abdomen 2). Nine(9) patients did not need any intervention or surgery. Conclusion: Whole-body CT has various disadvantages, such as radiation, contrast induced nephropathy and high medical costs. In multiple trauma patients, if they are alert and have no evidence of injury, they rarely have abnormal CT findings, and mostly do not need invasive treatment. Therefore, we should be cautious in performing whole-body CT in alert multiple trauma patients. (J Korean Soc Traumatol 2010;23:89-95)
유기인계 농약 중독환자에서 기계환기 필요성에 대한 예측인자 분석
박동찬 ( Dong Chan Park ),박정배 ( Jung Bae Park ),김윤정 ( Yun Jeong Kim ),신수정 ( Soo Jeong Shin ),문유호 ( You Ho Mun ),박신률 ( Sin Ryul Park ),류현욱 ( Hyun Wook Ryoo ),서강석 ( Kang Suk Seo ),정제명 ( Jae Myung Chung ) 대한임상독성학회 2010 대한임상독성학회지 Vol.8 No.2
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors that predict using mechanical ventilation for patients with organophosphate intoxication. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 111 patients with acute organophosphate intoxication and who were treated in our emergency center from January 2000 to December 2008. We compared the toxicologic characteristics, the laboratory findings and the APACHE II scores between the Mechanical Ventilation group (MV group) and the non-Mechanical Ventilation group (the non MV group). Results: Sixty three patients were in the MV group and 48 patients were in the non MV group. In the MV group, the patients had an older age (p<0.001), a larger amount of ingestion (p<0.001), a lower initial serum cholinesterase level (p=0.003), a higher APACHE II score (p<0.001) and they ingested a more toxic agent (p=0.001). There were no significant differences in gender, the type of visit and the arrival time between the MV group and the non MV group. Conclusion: We suggest that the patient’s age, the amount of organophosphate ingestion, the toxicity of the agent, the initial serum cholinesterase level and the APACHE II score are important factors to determine if mechanical ventilation will be applied for patients with organophosphate intoxication.
박유신,박혜련 대한보건협회 1995 대한보건연구 Vol.21 No.1
본 연구는 대전시에 위치한 한 국민학교 6학년 아동 765명을 대상으로 아동의 4년간 성상발육 정도와 관련 식행동을 비교 분석하고자 하는 목적으로 시도되었고 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 아동들의 체위는 1985년 소아발육 표준치와 비교해볼 때 남녀 모두 신장과 체중면에서 모든 대표백분위 값이 85년 표준치보다 컸다. 2. 아동들의 신장의 연간 성상폭은 5개 BMI 군에서 비슷하였으나 체중의 연간 성장폭은 5군 쪽으로 갈수록 크게 늘어 비만이 늘어나고 있음을 보여주었고 2학년 때 양 극단 군(1군과 5군)에 속했던 (아동들을 4년간 추적해 본 결과 아동이 속한 군에 변화가 적었다. 2학년 때 1군에 속했던 아동의 70.2%가 6학년 때도 1군 또는 2군에 속하였고 5군에 속했던 아동의 79.4%도 4,5군에 머물러 있어 체중조절이 어렵거나 또는 합리적으로, 시도되지 않고 있음을 보여주었다. 3. 아동들은 비교적 자신의 비만정도를 잘 알고 있었으나(p<0.0001) 아동이나 보호자 모두 균형있는 섭취나 규칙적인 식사, 편이식품 섭취, 운동 등의 면에서 합리적으로 식행동을 변화시키고자 하는 노력은 찾아보기 어려웠고 다만 저녁 식사 후 간식을 자제하는 정도였다(p<0.0001). 4 저녁의 주식량(p<0.05)과 하루 주식섭취량(p<0.0001)은 5군에 속한 아동들이 더 많이 차이를 보였으나 육류 섭취량은 1군의 아동에서 더 많았다(p<0.01). 이는 아동들의 편식습관 때문인지 응답자의 수가 너무 작은 때문인지 알 수 없었다. 이 연구결과는 비만이 확산되고 있는 속도에 비해 체중조절에 대한 인식과 합리적이고 과학적인 실천은 뒤따르지 못하고 있음을 보여주고 있어 비만아동과 그 학부모에 대한 선별적이고 적절한 영양교육이 시급한 것으로 사료된다. A study of elementary school children's growth pattern for 4 years and related food habits was carried out on 765. 6th grade children living in Daejeon in June, 1993. The results were as follows: 1. Each percentile values of weight-for age and height for-age of surveyed children were larger than those of 1985 Korean Growth Standard. 2. Average incremental heights of the children of 5 BMI group were similar to each other but those of weight were different a lot. The higher the BMI group, the larger the incremental weight, which shows increasing prevalence of obesity. 3. 70.2% of the children of BMI group 1 (n=74) at 2nd grade were still in group 1 or 2 at 6th grade and 79.4% of the children of BMI group 5 (n=73) at 2nd grade were still in BMI group 4 or 5 at 6th grade. 4. Although children generally were aware of their physical fitness(p<0.0001), both of obese children and their mothers were not concerned about changing their food habits such as balanced food intake, regular meal intake, avoiding instant food, or regular exercise except reducing snack after supper(p<0.0001). 5. Children in group 5 ate more rice at supper(p<0.05) and during a whole day (p<0.0001) than those in group 1 hut children in group 1 ale more meat than those in group 5 (p<0.01). These results of showing difficulties in weight control or little concerns about it reassert the importance of nutrition education focusing on weight control of obese or overweight children and their mothers who cannot change their food habits due to insufficient nutrition information or deficient awareness of negative health effects of overweight.