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( Yoo Jin Lee ),( Seong-eun Kim ),( Yong Eun Park ),( Ji Young Chang ),( Hyun Joo Song ),( Duk Hwan Kim ),( Young Joo Yang ),( Byung Chang Kim ),( Jae Gon Lee ),( Hee Chan Yang ),( Miyoung Choi ),( Se 대한장연구학회 2022 Intestinal Research Vol.20 No.2
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the novel coronavirus, is threatening global health worldwide with unprecedented contagiousness and severity. The best strategy to overcome COVID-19 is a vaccine. Various vaccines are currently being developed, and mass vaccination is in progress. Despite the very encouraging clinical trial results of these vaccines, there is insufficient information on the safety and efficacy of vaccines for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients facing various issues. After reviewing current evidence and international guidelines, the Korean Association for the Study of Intestinal Diseases developed an expert consensus statement on COVID-19 vaccination issues for Korean IBD patients. This expert consensus statement emphasizes that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 vaccination be strongly recommended for IBD patients, and it is safe for IBD patients receiving immunomodulatory therapy. (Intest Res 2022;20:171-183)
韓國과 日本의 佛敎現況 比較 : 佛敎의 社會化面에서 From the point buddhist Socialization
柳炳德,韓種萬 圓光大學校 1979 論文集 Vol.13 No.1
The compartive study on Buddhism between Korea and Japan at the present situation will show us some suggestions for the socialization of Buddhism. Here are the coclusion of our study. Firstly, the religious life of Buddhism must take its root inthe actual life of every social stratum. In order to actualie Buddhism in our living, Buddhism itself must be revealed before our eyes. The statue of Buddha, whcih is traditionally located on the altar of the old temples in the distant mountains, must be built in every house of farming and fishing villages as well as in every office and street of the bigh cities. Mahayanist Buddism putemphasis on the meaning of Buddha's statue, but it is far from realiing its meaning as a general symbol of Buddhism. only when we can contact the image of Buddha as a living figure, when we can feel the benevolence of Buddha, and when we tend willingly to obey the teaching of Buddha, all of us will lead the pious life and approach to the ideal life of Buddha. Secondly, the ritual of Buddhism must be harmonized with the social celemonies. The ritual of Japanese Buddhism was connected with the ancestor-worship;it is mainly consisted of the funeral rituals. Consequently, Japanese Buddism was misunderstood as a religion of after-life. we can say that Japanese Buddhism has contributed to thepopularization of its ritual in every-day life. However, it can notescape the conviction that Japanese Buddhism has neglected its creed of moral trining. While Japanese Buddhism was practiced as a formal celemony of the funeral, Korean one seemed to be separated from the actual celemony of society. It is not incorporated with the ancestor-worship. Seldom is the ritual of the dead observed in Buddhistic rite in Korea. In these respects, Buddhism of Korea and Japan must find the way to unite the ritual of Buddhism with the social celemonies. Thirdly, the creed of Buddhism must be practiced to cultivate men of characters. It is the main gist of Buddhism to enhance the personality of mankind trained by dhyana or Meditation. In the world of material civilization, it is utmost neccessary to keep our spiritual integrity, such an integrity can be cultivated through the moral training of Buddhism. Fourthly, the public welfare must be achieved under the guidance of Buddhism. It is true the system and ordinance of the public welfare have done by the government and social organizaiton. However, Buddhism must supply them with the basic idea and vision. It is a matter of regret that Buddhism, so far, has served the temporary activities of relief. Thus, it is imperative that we should make use of Bdudhism as a thrusting power to accomplish the public welfare.
A Novel Grid-Connected PV PCS with New High Efficiency Converter
Byung-Duk Min,Jong-Pil Lee,Jong-Hyun Kim,Tae-Jin Kim,Dong-Wook Yoo,Kang-Ryoul Ryu,Jeong-Joong Kim,Eui-Ho Song 전력전자학회 2008 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.8 No.4
In this paper, new topology is proposed that can dramatically reduce the converter power rating and increase the efficiency of total PV system. Since the output voltage of PV module has very wide voltage range, in general, the DC/DC converter is used to get constant high DC voltage. According to analysis of PV characteristics, in proposed topology, only 20% power of total PV system power is needed for DC/DC converter. DC/DC converter used in proposed topology has flat efficiency curve at all load range and very high efficiency characteristics. The total system efficiency is the product of that of converter and that of inverter. In proposed topology, because the converter efficiency curve is flat all load range, the total system efficiency at the low power range is dramatically improved. The proposed topology is implemented for 200㎾ PCS system. This system has only three DC/DC converters with 20㎾ power rating each other. It is only one-third of total system power. The experiment results show that the proposed topology has good performance.
A Novel Grid-Connected PV PCS with New High Efficiency Converter
Byung Duk Min,JongPil. Lee,Jong-Hyun Kim,Tae-Jin Kim,Dong-Wook Yoo,Kang Ryoul Ryu,Jung Joong Kim,Eui-Ho Song 전력전자학회 2007 ICPE(ISPE)논문집 Vol.- No.-
In this paper, new topology is proposed that can dramatically reduce the converter power rating and increase the efficiency of total PV system. Since the output voltage of PV module has very wide voltage range, in general, the DC/DC converter is used to get constant high DC voltage. According to analysis of PV characteristics, in proposed topology, only 20% power of total PV system power is needed for DC/DC converter. DC/DC converter used in proposed topology has flat efficiency curve at all load range and very high efficiency characteristics. The total system efficiency is the product of that of converter and that of inverter. In proposed topology, because the converter efficiency curve is flat all load range, the total system efficiency at the low power range is dramatically improved. The proposed topology is implemented for 200㎾ PCS system. This system has only three DC/DC converters with 20㎾ power rating each other. It is only one-third of total system power. The experiment results show that the proposed topology has good performance.
A New Threshold Voltage Extraction Method for Organic Thin-Film Transistors
Yoo Chul Kim,Keum-Dong Jung,Byeong-Ju Kim,Jong Duk Lee,Byung-Gook Park 대한전자공학회 2007 ITC-CSCC :International Technical Conference on Ci Vol.2007 No.7
A novel approach to extract threshold voltage for organic thin film transistors based on Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute poly-Si TFT model is suggested, which considers gate voltage dependent mobility. From a linear curve which is obtained by dividing saturation regime current with linear regime current, threshold voltage can be extracted from x-axis intercept of the curve. Compare to conventional extraction method, uniform threshold voltage is obtained by using the suggested method.
PVP 단일막을 이용한 유기 박막 트랜지스터에서의 이력현상 최소화 조건에 대한 연구
김병주(Byung Ju Kim),정금동(Keum Dong Jung),김유철(Yoo Chul Kim),박병국(Byung Gook Park),이종덕(Jong Duk Lee) 대한전자공학회 2007 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.2007 No.11
Poly 4-vinyl phenol(PVP)는 유기 박막트랜지스터에서 고 이동도 특성으로 널리 연구되고 있는 게이트 절연체 중 하나이다. 하지만 문턱전압의 이력현상의 문제를 갖고 있다. 본 연구에서는 PVP 단일막을 이용하여 이력현상을 줄이기 위해 여러 조건으로 실험을 진행하였으며 PVP와 교차결합용액의 비가 1:1 이고 온도는 180도 이상 시간은 30분 이상인 조건으로 소자를 제작하였을 때 이력현상이 크게 줄어드는 조건임을 확인 할 수 있었다. 이런 현상으로 볼 때에 수산화기에 의한 영향과 반송자들의 injection이 함께 이력현상의 원인으로 생각된다.