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Yong Zhang,Zhuang Zhou,Cheng’ai Wu,Danhui Zhao,Chao Wang,Xiaoguang Cheng,Wei Cai,Ling Wang,Yangyang Duanmu,Chenxin Zhang,Wei Tian 대한영상의학회 2016 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.17 No.5
Objective: To investigate the bone mineral density (BMD) of cervical vertebrae in a population-stratified manner and correlate with that of the lumbar vertebrae. Materials and Methods: Five hundred and ninety-eight healthy volunteers (254 males, 344 females), ranging from 20 to 64 years of age, were recruited for volumetric BMD (vBMD) measurements by quantitative computed tomography. Basic information (age, height, weight, waistline, and hipline), and vBMD of the cervical and lumbar vertebrae (C2–7 and L2–4) were recorded. Comparisons among sex, age groups and different levels of vertebrae were analyzed using analysis of variance. Linear regression was performed for relevance of different vertebral levels. Results: The vBMD of cervical and lumbar vertebrae was higher in females than males in each age group. The vBMD of the cervical and lumbar vertebrae in males and the vBMD of lumbar vertebrae in females decreased with aging. In each age group, the vBMD of the cervical vertebrae was higher than that of the lumbar vertebrae with gradual decreases from C2 to C7 except for C3; moreover, the vBMD of C6 and C7 was significantly different from that of C2–5. Correlations of vBMD among different cervical vertebrae (females: r = 0.62–0.94; males: r = 0.63–0.94) and lumbar vertebrae (males: r = 0.93–0.98; females: r = 0.82–0.97) were statistically significant at each age group. Conclusion: The present study provided normative data of cervical vertebrae in an age- and sex-stratified manner. Sex differences in vBMD prominently vary with age, which can be helpful to design a more comprehensive pre-operative surgical plan.
High-Speed Cam Design for Quick-Action Linkage System
Jing Wu,Rui-Jun Yan,Chao Yuan,Yong Seok Lee,Kyoo-Sik Shin,Chang-Soo Han 제어로봇시스템학회 2014 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2014 No.10
As a specially designed mechanism, cam is usually be used in many high-speed structures and mechanisms. Diverse geometric cam counters support for diverse motion applications, including the displacement, the velocity and the acceleration. This paper proposes a design of a high-speed cam which can be applied in a quick-action-based four bar linkage system. This variable high-speed cam is design by using the graphical combination of 5<SUP>th</SUP> and 7<SUP>th</SUP> polynomial cam curves. In addition, the kinematic model of a linkage system based on our proposed cam is constructed. Finally, the simulation results of the cam counter, velocity and acceleration of the designed cam are shown to validate the appropriate application of a quick-action linkage system.
The 5p15.33 Locus Is Associated with Risk of Lung Adenocarcinoma in Never-Smoking Females in Asia
Hsiung, Chao Agnes,Lan, Qing,Hong, Yun-Chul,Chen, Chien-Jen,Hosgood III, H. Dean,Chang, I-Shou,Chatterjee, Nilanjan,Brennan, Paul,Wu, Chen,Zheng, Wei,Chang, Gee-Chen,Wu, Tangchun,Park, Jae Yong,Hsiao, Public Library of Science 2010 PLoS genetics Vol.6 No.8
<▼1><P>Genome-wide association studies of lung cancer reported in populations of European background have identified three regions on chromosomes 5p15.33, 6p21.33, and 15q25 that have achieved genome-wide significance with p-values of 10<SUP>−7</SUP> or lower. These studies have been performed primarily in cigarette smokers, raising the possibility that the observed associations could be related to tobacco use, lung carcinogenesis, or both. Since most women in Asia do not smoke, we conducted a genome-wide association study of lung adenocarcinoma in never-smoking females (584 cases, 585 controls) among Han Chinese in Taiwan and found that the most significant association was for rs2736100 on chromosome 5p15.33 (p = 1.30×10<SUP>−11</SUP>). This finding was independently replicated in seven studies from East Asia totaling 1,164 lung adenocarcinomas and 1,736 controls (p = 5.38×10<SUP>−11</SUP>). A pooled analysis achieved genome-wide significance for rs2736100. This SNP marker localizes to the <I>CLPTM1L</I>-<I>TERT</I> locus on chromosome 5p15.33 (p = 2.60×10<SUP>−20</SUP>, allelic risk = 1.54, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 1.41–1.68). Risks for heterozygote and homozygote carriers of the minor allele were 1.62 (95% CI; 1.40–1.87), and 2.35 (95% CI: 1.95–2.83), respectively. In summary, our results show that genetic variation in the <I>CLPTM1L-TERT</I> locus of chromosome 5p15.33 is directly associated with the risk of lung cancer, most notably adenocarcinoma.</P></▼1><▼2><P><B>Author Summary</B></P><P>Worldwide, approximately 15% of lung cancer cases occur among nonsmokers. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of lung cancer conducted in populations of European background have identified three regions on chromosomes 5, 6, and 15 that harbor genetic variants that confer risk for lung cancer. Prior studies were conducted primarily in cigarette smokers, raising the possibility that the associations could be related to tobacco use, lung carcinogenesis, or both. A GWAS of lung cancer among never-smokers is an optimal setting to discover effects that are independent of smoking. Since most women in Asia do not smoke, we conducted a GWAS of lung adenocarcinoma among never-smoking females (584 cases, 585 controls) in Taiwan, and observed a region on chromosome 5 significantly associated with risk for lung cancer in never-smoking women. The finding was independently replicated in seven studies from East Asia totaling 1,164 lung adenocarcinomas and 1,736 controls. To our knowledge, this study is the first reported GWAS of lung cancer in East Asian women, and together with the replication studies represents the largest genetic association study in this population. The findings provide insight into the genetic contribution of common variants to lung carcinogenesis.</P></▼2>
A 4th-Order Wideband Sigma Delta Modulator Using Linear System Theory Technique
Ming-yuan Ren,Yong-sheng Zhang,Wei-kun Wu,Zhen-xi Bao,Zi-wei Zhao,Chao Li,Hong-guo Zhang 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Vol.9 No.1
A 4th-Order Wideband Sigma Delta modulator structure is proposed in this paper, which uses linear system theory technique. There are many implementation techniques to improve the performance of Sigma Delta ADCs, such as noise coupling, differential sampling and dynamic elements matching. An extra loop delay is needed to be added in the system. This paper explains how to make the modulator stable with the addition of feed-forward and feed-back branches which are used to compensate the extra loop delay. Next, we restore the signal and noise transfer functions. A 4th-Order Wideband delta-sigma modulator have been designed and simulated to verify the method.
CHISELED NICKEL HYDROXIDE NANOPLATES GROWTH ON GRAPHENE SHEETS FOR LITHIUM ION BATTERIES
LEI-LEI TIAN,XIAN-YONG WEI,QUAN-CHAO ZHUANG,CHAO WU,RUI-LUN XIE,ZHI-MIN ZONG,YONG-LI CUI,SHI-GANG SUN 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2013 NANO Vol.8 No.6
The morphologies and structures of Ni(OH)2–graphene hybrid materials were tailored by using different mineralizers in this work. It was revealed that the synergic effects of the highly oxidized graphene sheets and the mineralizers played a crucial role in controlling the morphology and structure of the nanocomposites, and Na2CO3 is a very effective mineralizer for growing chiseled 2D nanoplates of Ni(OH)2 on graphene sheets. When produced with NaOH, fragmental Ni(OH)2 crystals with irregular shapes erratically decorated on graphene sheets. In contrast, chiseled Ni(OH)2 hexagonal nanoplates grown on graphene sheets were obtained when Na2CO3 was used as the mineralizer. These unique 2D–2D nanoarchitectures with higher contact area between the nanocrystals and graphene substrate can increase the interfacial interaction and then efficiently improve the structural stability of the composite material, thus exhibiting an enhanced Li storage capacity and excellent cycling performance of 562 mAh g-1 after the 36th cycle.
Wen-Yi Zhang,Xin-Ze Xiao,Chao Lv,Jia Zhao,Gong Wang,Xuan Gu,Ran Zhang,Bin-Bin Xu,Dan-Dan Zhang,Ai-Wu Li,Yong-Lai Zhang,Hong-Bo Sun 한국고분자학회 2013 Macromolecular Research Vol.21 No.3
Reported here is the fabrication of photopolymer hierarchical micronanostructures through a combinative process of electrospinning and subsequent photolithography. Electrospun SU-8 (epoxy-based negative photoresist)nanofiber films have been patterned into gratings with periods of 100, 200, 300, and 400 μm, respectively. Deposition of a silver nanolayer on these interlaced nanofiber films would lead to the formation of various plasmonic nanostructures,and therefore, giving rise to abundant surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) “hot spots”. In the detection of Rhodamine 6G (R6G), probing molecule, the resultant SERS substrates show both high sensitivity and good reproducibility. The SERS enhancement factor could reach as high as ~108, indicating high efficiency. The fabrication of patterned, highly efficient SERS substrates may hold a great promise for the integration of SERS substrates in various microdevices such as microfluidic chips.