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Development of Drying Uniformity for Round Hay Bales Dryer
( Yi-cheng Liao ),( Li-cheng Hsieh ) 한국농업기계학회 2018 한국농업기계학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.23 No.1
In Taiwan, most of the farmer dry hay by natural seasoning. Recent data have shown that moisture content should be 18 % or less in round hay bales for safe storage. If moisture content is too high, the hay will be putrefaction. However, it’s hard for the farmer to harvest on time due to raining season in Taiwan and it would drop hay quality as well. Therefore, it’s important to develop a hay dryer to improve the hay quality. The objective of this research was to modify the round bale hay dryer which had been developed by the Department of Bio-Industrial Mechatronics Engineering of National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan. The moisture content of the round bale could be dried below 18 % by the prototype but its drying efficiency is not sufficient, only 5.6 kg/hr. Therefore, the hay bale was sealed using a heavy fabric to prevent the drying air leaking. The drying-finished hay bales were sampled on three parts, upper, medium and lower layers, respectively. The results show that the innovative device can increase the drying efficiency up to 13.2 kg/hr. For the drying uniformity, the moisture content on the external and internal parts of upper and medium layers were significantly different from central parts’, without sealing. Its standard deviation is 8.02. With sealing, the whole hay bales’ moisture content could reach the goal for storage, and its standard deviation is 1.39. The results show that the new sealing approach can increase the drying uniformity significantly. However, sealing a bale manually takes 10 minutes with two workers. It’s time-consuming. Thus, one mechanism for sealing was designed, and one person could finish the sealing work in a minute.
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Acute Hepatitis Due to Agomelatine Use in Elderly Women with Depression: Case Series
Cheng-Chen Chang,Yen-Jen Chen,Yu-An Chen,Yi-Cheng Liao 대한정신약물학회 2021 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.19 No.4
Although agomelatine may be associated with an increased risk of hepatotoxicity, the incidence rate of acute hepatitis seemed divergent between clinical trials and daily practice. Whether aging or gender is a risk factor in developing hepatotoxicity due to agomelatine is not clear. We present 3 older female cases with acute hepatitis occurring due to highly probable idiosyncratic drug-induced liver injury caused by agomelatine. From these cases, regular surveillance on liver function in the older women taking antidepressants would be of benefits.
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( Cheng Wei Liu ),( Yi Ching Lin ),( Chung Ming Tu ),( Pen Chih Liao ),( Kuan Change Chen ),( Yen Wen Wu ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1
Background: Anemia is associated with poor prognosis in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI). However, it is unclear that erythrocytosis has protective effect in these populations. Hence, we conducted a retrospective cohort study to examine the relationship between erythrocytosis and mortality in patients with STEMI undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI ). Materials and Methods: We screened 1,156 consecutive patients with STEMI undergoing primary PCI in a single center during Feb 2007 and January 2012. There were 201 missing data for door-to-balloon time and 4 missing data for hemoglobin. Of 951 analyzable patients, they were divided into anemia (Hemoglobin<13.0mg/dl in men or <12.0mg/dl in women), normal hemoglobin, and erythrocytosis (hemoglobin =16.0mg/dl in men or =15.0mg/dl in women) groups. The study end point was one-year mortality. Results: There were 148, 535, and 268 patients in anemia, normal hemoglobin, and erythrocytosis groups, respectively. Patients in the anemia group were older and had lower body mass index than other two groups. There was more female, smokers, hypertension, and diabetes in the anemia group. One-year mortality rates were 16.2%, 6.5%, 2.6% (P<0.001) respectively. In univariate proportional hazards regression analysis, age, hemoglobin, total cholesterol, statin use, glycoprotein llb/llla inhibitor use, and TIMI risk score were associated with 1-year mortality in three groups. After adjustment for potential confounders, hemoglobin levels remained an independent predictor of one-year mortality in both anemia (hazard ratio 0.697, 95% CI 0.528-0.960) and erythrocytosis group (hazard ratio 3.129, 95% CI 1.1.474-6.642). Conclusions: Patients with STEMI and anemia had the worst outcomes than normal hemoglobin and erythrocytosis groups. Expectedly, hemoglobin had the protective effect on prognosis in anemia group. However, a hemoglobin level was an independent risk factor of one-year mortality in those with erythrocytosis.
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Investigation of Visual Perception Under Zen-Meditation Based On Alpha-Dependent F-VEPs
Liao, Hsien-Cheng,Liu, Chuan-Yi,Lo, Pei-Chen The Korean Society of Medical and Biological Engin 2006 의공학회지 Vol.27 No.6
Variation of brain dynamics under Zen meditation has been one of our major research interests for years. One issue encountered is the inaccessibility to the actual meditation level or stage as a reference. In this paper, we propose an alternative strategy for investigating the human brain in response to external flash stimuli during Zen meditation course. To secure a consistent condition of the brain dynamics when applying stimulation, we designed a recording of flash visual evoked potentials (F-VEPs) based on a constant background EEG (electroencephalograph) frontal $\alpha-rhythm$ dominating activities that increase significantly during Zen meditation. Thus the flash-light stimulus was to be applied upon emergence of the frontal $\alpha-rhythm$. The alpha-dependent F-VEPs were then employed to inspect the effect of Zen meditation on brain dynamics. Based on the experimental protocol proposed, considerable differences between experimental and control groups were obtained. Our results showed that amplitudes of P1-N2 and N2-P2 on Cz and Fz increased significantly during meditation, contrary to the F-VEPs of control group at rest. We thus suggest that Zen meditation results in acute response on primary visual cortex and the associated parts.
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Yi‑Ju Ho,Hsiang‑Lung Cheng,Lun‑De Liao,Yu‑Chun Lin,Hong‑Chieh Tsai,Chih‑Kuang Yeh 한국생체재료학회 2023 생체재료학회지 Vol.27 No.00
Background Ischemic stroke-reperfusion (S/R) injury is a crucial issue in the protection of brain function after thrombolysis. The vasodilation induced by ultrasound (US)-stimulated microbubble cavitation has been applied to reduce S/R injury through sonoperfusion. The present study uses oxygen-loaded microbubbles (OMBs) with US stimulation to provide sonoperfusion and local oxygen therapy for the reduction of brain infarct size and neuroprotection after S/R. Methods The murine S/R model was established by photodynamic thrombosis and thrombolysis at the remote branch of the anterior cerebral artery. In vivo blood flow, partial oxygen pressure ( pO2), and brain infarct staining were examined to analyze the validity of the animal model and OMB treatment results. The animal behaviors and measurement of the brain infarct area were used to evaluate long-term recovery of brain function. Results The percentage of blood flow was 45 ± 3%, 70 ± 3%, and 86 ± 2% after 60 min stroke, 20 min reperfusion, and 10 min OMB treatment, respectively, demonstrating sonoperfusion, and the corresponding pO2 level was 60 ± 1%, 76 ± 2%, and 79 ± 4%, showing reoxygenation. After 14 days of treatment, a 87 ± 3% reduction in brain infarction and recovery of limb coordination were observed in S/R mice. The expression of NF-κB, HIF-1α, IL-1β, and MMP-9 was inhibited and that of eNOS, BDNF, Bcl2, and IL-10 was enhanced, indicating activation of anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptosis responses and neuroprotection. Our study demonstrated that OMB treatment combines the beneficial effects of sonoperfusion and local oxygen therapy to reduce brain infarction and activate neuroprotection to prevent S/R injury.
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Min-Hsiang Chuang,Yu-Shuo Tang,Jui-Yi Chen,Heng-Chih Pan,Hung-Wei Liao,Wen-Kai Chu,Chung-Yi Cheng,Vin-Cent Wu,Michael Heung 대한당뇨병학회 2024 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.48 No.2
Background: The initiation of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) typically leads to a reversible initial dip in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). The implications of this phenomenon on clinical outcomes are not well-defined.Methods: We searched MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library from inception to March 23, 2023 to identify randomized controlled trials and cohort studies comparing kidney and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with and without initial eGFR dip after initiating SGLT2i. Pooled estimates were calculated using random-effect meta-analysis.Results: We included seven studies in our analysis, which revealed that an initial eGFR dip following the initiation of SGLT2i was associated with less annual eGFR decline (mean difference, 0.64; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.437 to 0.843) regardless of baseline eGFR. The risk of major adverse kidney events was similar between the non-dipping and dipping groups but reduced in patients with a ≤10% eGFR dip (hazard ratio [HR], 0.915; 95% CI, 0.865 to 0.967). No significant differences were observed in the composite of hospitalized heart failure and cardiovascular death (HR, 0.824; 95% CI, 0.633 to 1.074), hospitalized heart failure (HR, 1.059; 95% CI, 0.574 to 1.952), or all-cause mortality (HR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.589 to 1.170). The risk of serious adverse events (AEs), discontinuation of SGLT2i due to AEs, kidney-related AEs, and volume depletion were similar between the two groups. Patients with >10% eGFR dip had increased risk of hyperkalemia compared to the non-dipping group.Conclusion: Initial eGFR dip after initiating SGLT2i might be associated with less annual eGFR decline. There were no significant disparities in the risks of adverse cardiovascular outcomes between the dipping and non-dipping groups.
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