Transcriptome analysis of colchicine-induced tetraploid Kiwifruit leaves with increased biomass and cell size

Zhu Yanyan,Tang Wei,Tang Xiaofeng,Wang Lihuan,Li Wei,Zhang Qian,Li Mingzhang,Fang Congbing,Liu Yongsheng,Wang Songhu 한국식물생명공학회 2021 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.15 No.5

Colchicine-induced polyploidization has been extensively utilized in plant-breeding programs to increase biomass and overall yield of various crop species. Chromosome doubling usually increases the plant size and cell size. However, the underly- ing mechanisms remain elusive. In this study, we showed that 0.1% colchicine is an optimized concentration for inducing tetraploidization of Actinidia chinensis var. chinensis ‘Hongyang’, a commercially important diploid kiwifruit cultivar. The tetraploid plants showed increased plant height, leaf size, and biomass, as compared with the corresponding diploid plants. Scanning electron microscopy and histological analysis indicated that the leaf cell size was significantly increased in the tetraploid plants. Our further transcriptome analysis revealed the 5922 differentially expressed genes between the diploid and tetraploid plants. Gene Ontology analysis enriched the cell wall-related genes, including the pectin methylesterases (PMEs) and expansins (EXPs), both of which play a critical role in cell wall loosening and extension. The increased expression of PME and EXP genes might contribute to the increased cell size in the tetraploid plants. Together, our work indicated that tetraploidization increases the organ and cell size in kiwifruit, possibly by enhancing the cell wall extensibility.

재한 중국 이주노동자의 삶과 여가문화에 대한 문화기술적 해석

주연염(YANYAN ZHU),사혜지(Hye Ji Sa),이철원(Chul-Won Lee) 한국레저사이언스학회 2023 한국레저사이언스학회지 Vol.14 No.1

본 연구는 질적 연구의 방법 중 하나인 문화기술지(ethnography) 방법으로 중국 이주노동자들의 한국 생활 적응에영향을 미치는 여가문화를 알아보는데 주목적이 있다. 눈덩이 수집법(Snowball Sampling)을 통하여 총 11명의 연구참여자를 모집하였고 최종 10명이 연구에 참여하였다. 연구 결과는 상위 범주 4개, 하위 범주 8개의 범주로 추출되었다. 먼저, 직종에 따라 중국 이주노동자들이 선택하는 여가 활동 방식에서 차별성을 확인할 수 있었다. 화이트칼라노동자들은 다양하고 활기찬 활동을 즐기는 편이었으며, 블루칼라 노동자들은 체력 회복과 같은 온화한 활동을 선호하는 것으로 나타났다. 중국인 이주노동자들은 한국문화에 적응할 때 '통합'과 '분리'의 두 가지 현상을 보였다. ‘통합’ 현상의 연구 참여자들은 한국의 문화를 적극적으로 받아들이고, ‘분리’ 현상에 있는 연구 참여자들은 자신만의 생활패턴을 유지하고 있다. 마지막으로 중국 노동자들은 많은 문화 차이로 인해 일상생활과 직장에서 다양한 어려움을겪고 있다. 이런 억눌린 감정들은 같은 이주노동자와 서로 하소연하며 그들은 끼리 공감대를 형성하고 가족처럼 친밀한 관계를 맺는 것을 확인할 수 있었다 The main purpose of this study was to explore the life and leisure culture affecting the adaptation of Chinese migrant workers living in Korea through an ethnographic approach of qualitative research. A total of 11 people were recruited through Snowball Sampling. Finally 10 people participated in the study. Meaningful results were extracted from the study for four upper-level categories and eight lower-level categories. Depending on the type of work, study participants show differentiation in the way they choose leisure activities. White-collar workers enjoy a variety of physically-active activities. However, blue-collar workers prefer gentle activities. Chinese migrant workers show two phenomena when adapting to culture: “integration” and “separation”. The study participants in the “integration” phenomenon actively embraced Korean culture, while the study participants in the “separation” phenomenon maintained their own life patterns. In addition, They empathise with their own kind and form a sympathetic bond and a family-like relationship.

Gravity balance mechanism for a spatial robotic manipulator

Yanyan Chen,Yubin Liu,Changle Li,Gangfeng Liu,Yanhe Zhu,Jie Zhao,Hegao Cai 대한기계학회 2016 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.30 No.2

A gravity balance mechanism for spatial robotic manipulator is proposed. In this design, a parallelogram linkage mechanism, pulleys and springs are utilized to accomplish the balance. As a passive structure, it needs no motors or actuators, and safety is another great highlight of the mechanism. The balance mechanism can solve the balance problem of both planar 2-link mechanism and spatial 2-link mechanism (a roll-pitch-yaw-roll 2-link mechanism) by adding a rotational degree of freedom. This is a more simple and effective method to solve the balance problem of spatial linkage system, especially the linkage system of multi-degree of freedom joint. And the mechanism can be extended to solve a multilink balance problem.

Polyglycerol modified polysiloxane surfactants: Their adsorption and aggregation behavior in aqueous solution

Guoyong Wang,Yanyan Zhu,Yunhui Zhai,Wanxu Wang,Zhiping Du,Jieqiong Qin 한국공업화학회 2017 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.47 No.-

A simple process to synthesize polyglycerol modified polysiloxane surfactants has been carried outapplying a “grafting-to” approach. After formation of allyl polyglycerol ether (APGE) from diglycerol(DGY) and allyl glycidyl ether (AGE), polysiloxane modified by designed number of polyglycerol groups(PHMS-APGE) were obtained by connecting the APGE structure to different Si H functionalizedpolyhydromethyl siloxane (PHMS). The synthesized APGE-PHMS were characterized by IR and 1H NMR. Solubility measurements showed that the solubility of the as-prepared polymers increased in polarsolvents with the increasing of the amount of hydrophilic APGE groups. Furthermore, the surface activity,surface adsorption, aggregation and spreading behaviors of APGE-PHMS were investigated utilizingsurface tension measurements, dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM)and contact angle measurements. The results showed that critical aggregation concentration (CAC) andthe time needed to reach adsorption equilibrium on water surface decrease systematically with theincrease in the number of APGE groups. These polymers in aqueous solutions could aggregate to formspherical assemblies. Moreover, the spreading behavior of these polymers on low energy surface wasfound to be influenced by the number of hydrophilic APGE groups.

Study on the mixing performance of mixing vane grids and mixing coefficient by CFD and subchannel analysis code in a 5×5 rod bundle

Han Bin,Zhu Xiaoliang,Yang Bao-Wen,Liu Aiguo,Xi Yanyan,Liu Lei,Liu Shenghui,Huang Junlin 한국원자력학회 2023 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.55 No.10

Mixing Vane Grid (MVG) is one of the most important structures in fuel assembly due to its high performance in mixing the coolant and ultimately increasing Critical Heat Flux (CHF), which avoids the temperature rising suddenly of fuel rods. To evaluate the mixing performance of the MVG, a Total Diffusion Coefficient (TDC) mixing coefficient is defined in the subchannel analysis code. Conventionally, the TDC of the spacer grid is obtained from the combination of experiments and subchannel analysis. However, the processing of obtaining and determine a reasonable TDC is much challenging, it is affected by boundary conditions and MVG geometries. In is difficult to perform all the large and costing rod bundle tests. In this paper, the CFD method was applied in TDC analysis. A typical 5 5 MVG was simulated and validated to estimate the mixing performance of the MVG. The subchannel code was used to calculate the TDC. Firstly, the CFD method was validated from the aspect of pressure drop and lateral temperature distribution in the subchannels. Then the effect of boundary conditions including the inlet temperature, inlet velocities, heat flux ratio between hot and cold rods and the arrangement of hot and cold rods on MVG mixing and TDC were studied. The geometric effects on mixing are also carried out in this paper. The effect of vane pattern on mixing was investigated to determine which one is the best to represent the grid's mixing performance.

Management strategy for Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera:Noctuidae) in mountain maize planting areas in China

Yao Yao,He Yanyan,Zhang Lilan,Wang Kun,Li Bin,Du Guangzu,Zhu Chunyue,Yi Xiaocui,Liu Yiyi,Zi Shengjiang,Chen Bin,Xiao Guanli 한국응용곤충학회 2023 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.26 No.4

The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is a major maize pest worldwide and has caused huge economic loss. To explore the control tactics of S. frugiperda in mountain maize planting fields, studies were performed in China from 2020 to 2021 for screening the S. frugiperda-resistant maize variety, seed coating agents, chemical insecticides, and biological agents. The results showed that 75 g/hm 2 Emamectin benzoate had better controlling efficacy (with a control efficacy of 91.05% at 1d) than other chemicals, so it was recommended in the high incidence period of pests. Compared with other seed coating treatments, 50% Lumi ngwei TM625FS (with a control efficacy of 76.19% at 10d) was the best seed coating against S. frugiperda. The biological control “Telenomus remus + Picromerus lewisi” and “T. remus + Eocanthecona furcellata” had good control efficacy on S. frugiperda with 76.01%, 64.10% at 20d, respectively. Additionally, there were lower numbers of S. frugiperda in maize variety GuiDan6, BaoYu9, and YanBaiYu8. In summary, this research rec ommended four effective pest management strategies (GuiDan6-resistant maize variety, 50% Lumingwei TM625FS-seed coating agents, 5% emamectin benzoate-chemical pesticide, and “T. remus + P. lewisi”-biological control) in mountain maize planting fields. The study provided effective control strategies for

fects of Dietary Soy Intake on Maternal Thyroid Functions and Serum Anti-Thyroperoxidase Antibody Level During Early Pregnancy

Jing Li,Xiaochun Teng,Weiwei Wang,Yanyan Chen,Xiaohui Yu,Shen Wang,Jianxin Li,Lin Zhu,Chenyan Li,Chenling Fan,Hong Wang,Hongmei Zhang,Weiping Teng,Zhongyan Shan 한국식품영양과학회 2011 Journal of medicinal food Vol.14 No.5

Soy and its isoflavones have been suggested to suppress thyroperoxidase (TPO), induce goiter, inhibit deiodinase, and modulate immune functions. This study initially investigated the effects of dietary soy consumption on maternal thyroid functions and anti-TPO antibody (TPOAb) production during early pregnancy. Data were collected through questionnaire from 505 women enrolled during early pregnancy by random sampling in Shenyang, China. Based on soy intake frequency, the subjects were divided into three groups (frequent [three or more times per week], conventional [more than twice per month but less than three times per week], and occasional [two or fewer times per month]). Serum thyrotropin (TSH), free thyroxine (FT_4), and TPOAb were measured by chemiluminescence immunoassay. Additionally, the concentrations of two primary isoflavones (daidzein and genistein) and creatinine were assessed in the spot urine samples from representative subjects (about 20%) randomly selected from the three groups. The percentages of frequent, conventional, and occasional consumers were 18.6%, 62.6%, and 18.8%, respectively. No difference was found in age, medical records, family history of thyroid diseases, serum FT_4, TSH, and TPOAb levels, TPOAb-positive percentages, or prevalence of thyroid dysfunctions among the groups. Both urinary daidzein and genistein levels were significantly higher in the frequent consumers compared with the other two groups. No correlations were found between urinary isoflavone levels and serum FT_4 or TSH. Urinary isoflavone levels were not significantly different between TPOAb-positive and -negative women among the randomly selected representative subjects. On the whole, our findings suggest dietary soy consumption during early pregnancy is not associated with the development of thyroid dysfunction or autoimmunity.

A review of the preparation and applications of MnO2 composites in formaldehyde oxidation

Shengnan Guan,Wenzhi Li,Jianru Ma,Yanyan Lei,Yuanshuai Zhu,Qifu Huang,Xiaomeng Dou 한국공업화학회 2018 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.66 No.-

This paper reviews several important preparation methods, and several kinds of MnO2 composites, which is efficient in formaldehyde catalytic oxidation. The preparation of MnO2 composites discussed in this article refer to sol–gel method, rheological phase reaction method, micro-emulsion method, chemical coprecipitation method, solid-phase synthesis and template method. After a presentation of methods for the preparation of MnO2, a review of the performance on formaldehyde catalytic oxidation over (I) manganese oxides; (II) metal–MnO2 oxide composites; (III) graphene–MnO2 composites is provided. The mechanisms for catalytic oxidation of HCHO over MnO2 composites, future directions and potential hotspots are also discussed to facilitate understanding.

Surveillance of Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns among Shigella Species Isolated in China during the 7-Year Period of 2005-2011

Haifei Yang,Guosheng Chen,Yulin Zhu,Yanyan Liu,Jun Cheng,Li-Fen Hu,Ying Ye,Jia-Bin Li 대한진단검사의학회 2013 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.33 No.2

Background: Shigella is a frequent cause of bacterial dysentery in the developing world. Treatment with antibiotics is recommended for shigellosis, but the options are limited due to globally emerging resistance. This study was conducted to determine the frequency and pattern of antimicrobial susceptibility of Shigella in China. Methods: We studied the antimicrobial resistance profiles of 308 Shigella spp. strains (260S. flexneri, 40 S. sonnei, 5 S. boydii, and 3 S. dysenteriae) isolated from fecal samples of patients (age, from 3 months to 92 yr) presenting with diarrhea in different districts of Anhui,China. The antimicrobial resistance of strains was determined by the agar dilution method according to the CSLI guidelines. Results: The most common serogroup in the Shigella isolates was S. flexneri (n=260, 84.4%),followed by S. sonnei (n=40, 13.0%). The highest resistance rate was found for nalidixic acid (96.4%), followed by ampicillin (93.2%), tetracycline (90.9%), and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (80.8%). Among the isolates tested, 280 (91.0%) were multidrug resistant (resistant to ≥2 agents). The most common resistance pattern was the combination of ampicillin,tetracycline, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (70.8%). Resistance to ampicillin and tetracycline were more common among S. flexneri than among S. sonnei isolates. Conclusions: S. flexneri is predominant in Anhui, China, and its higher antimicrobial resistance rate compared with that of S. sonnei is a cause for concern. Continuous monitoring of resistance patterns is necessary to control the spread of resistance in Shigella. The recommendations for antimicrobial treatment must be updated regularly based on surveillance results.

Screening of key miRNAs related with the differentiation of subcutaneous adipocytes and the validation of miR-133a-3p functional significance in goats

Li Xin,Zhang Hao,Wang Yong,Li Yanyan,Wang Youli,Zhu Jiangjiang,Lin Yaqiu 아세아·태평양축산학회 2023 Animal Bioscience Vol.36 No.1

Objective: Adipocyte differentiation is regulated by a variety of functional genes and noncoding RNAs. However, the role of miRNAs in lipid deposition of goat white adipose tissue is still unclear. Therefore, this study revealed the miRNA expression profile in goat subcutaneous adipocytes by sRNA-seq. Methods: The miRNA expressed in goat subcutaneous preadipocytes and the mature adipocytes were sequenced by sRNA-seq. The differentially expressed miRNAs (DEm) were screened and gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto encyclopedia for genes and genomes (KEGG) analyses were performed. Gain-of-function and loss-of-function combined with oil red O staining, Bodipy staining, and quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) were utilized to determine the effect of miR-133a-3p on adipocyte differentiation. Results: A total of 218 DEm were screened out. The target genes of these DEm were significantly enriched in GO items such as biological regulation and in KEGG terms such as FAK signaling pathway and MAPK signaling pathway. qPCR verified that the expression trend of miRNA was consistent with miRNA-seq. The gain-of-function or loss-of-function of miR-133a-3p showed that it promoted or inhibited the accumulation of lipid droplets, and CCAAT enhancer binding protein α (C/EBPα) and C/EBPβ were extremely significantly up-regulated or down-regulated respectively (p<0.01), the loss-of-function also led to a significant down-regulation of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) (p<0.01). Conclusion: This study successfully identified miRNAs expression patterns in goat subcutaneous adipocytes, and functional identification indicates that miR-133a-3p is a positive regulator of the differentiation process of goat subcutaneous adipocytes. Our results lay the foundation for the molecular mechanism of lipid deposition in meat-source goats from the perspective of miRNA.