The PPARα activator fenofibrate inhibits voltage-dependent K⁺ channels in rabbit coronary arterial smooth muscle cells

Li, H.,Shin, S.E.,Seo, M.S.,An, J.R.,Jung, W.K.,Ha, K.S.,Han, E.T.,Hong, S.H.,Bang, H.,Bae, Y.M.,Firth, A.L.,Choi, I.W.,Park, W.S. North-Holland 2017 European journal of pharmacology Vol.812 No.-

<P>We examined the effects of the PPAR alpha activator fenofibrate on voltage-dependent K+ (Kv) channels using a patch clamp technique in native rabbit coronary arterial smooth muscle cells. Kv current was inhibited by application of fenofibrate in a concentration-dependent manner, with an apparent IC50 value of 6.39 +/- 0.53 mu M and a slope value (Hill coefficient) of 1.63 +/- 0.10. Fenofibrate accelerated the decay rate of Kv channel inactivation. The rate constants of association and dissociation for fenofibrate were 0.81 +/- 0.05 mu M-1 s(-1) and 4.70 +/- 0.47 s(-1), respectively. Although fenofibrate did not affect the steady-state activation curves, fenofibrate shifted the inactivation curves toward a more negative potential. Application of train pulses (1 or 2 Hz) progressively increased the fenofibrate-induced inhibition of the Kv channel, and the recovery time constant from inactivation was increased in the presence of fenofibrate, which suggested that the inhibitory effect of fenofibrate is use-dependent. Another PPAR alpha activator, bezafibrate and PPARa inhibitor, GW 6471, did not affect the Kv current and also did not change the inhibitory effect of fenofibrate on the Kv current. From these results, we suggest that fenofibrate inhibited Kv current in a state-, time-, and use-dependent manner, completely independent of PPAR alpha activation.</P>

Characteristics and composition of atmospheric aerosols in Phimai, central Thailand during BASE-ASIA

Li, C.,Tsay, S.C.,Hsu, N.C.,Kim, J.Y.,Howell, S.G.,Huebert, B.J.,Ji, Q.,Jeong, M.J.,Wang, S.H.,Hansell, R.A.,Bell, S.W. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier [distribution] 2013 Atmospheric environment Vol.78 No.-

Comprehensive measurements of atmospheric aerosols were made in Phimai, central Thailand (15.183<SUP>o</SUP>N, 102.565<SUP>o</SUP>E, elevation: 206 m) during the BASE-ASIA field experiment from late February to early May in 2006. The observed aerosol loading was sizable for this rural site (mean aerosol scattering: 108 +/- 64 Mm<SUP>-1</SUP>; absorption: 15 +/- 8 Mm<SUP>-1</SUP>; PM<SUB>10</SUB> concentration: 33 +/- 17 μg m<SUP>-3</SUP>), and dominated by submicron particles. Major aerosol compounds included carbonaceous (OC: 9.5 +/- 3.6 μg m<SUP>-3</SUP>; EC: 2.0 +/- 2.3 μg m<SUP>-3</SUP>) and secondary species (SO<SUB>4</SUB><SUP>2-</SUP>: 6.4 +/- 3.7 μg m<SUP>-3</SUP>, NH<SUB>4</SUB><SUP>+</SUP>: 2.2 +/- 1.3 μg m<SUP>-3</SUP>). While the site was seldom under the direct influence of large forest fires to its north, agricultural fires were ubiquitous during the experiment, as suggested by the substantial concentration of K<SUP>+</SUP> (0.56 +/- 0.33 μg m<SUP>-3</SUP>). Besides biomass burning, aerosols in Phimai during the experiment were also strongly influenced by industrial and vehicular emissions from the Bangkok metropolitan region and long-range transport from southern China. High humidity played an important role in determining the aerosol composition and properties in the region. Sulfate was primarily formed via aqueous phase reactions, and hygroscopic growth could enhance the aerosol light scattering by up to 60%, at the typical morning RH level of 85%. The aerosol single scattering albedo demonstrated distinct diurnal variation, ranging from 0.86 +/- 0.04 in the evening to 0.92 +/- 0.02 in the morning. This experiment marks the first time such comprehensive characterization of aerosols was made for rural central Thailand. Our results indicate that aerosol pollution has developed into a regional problem for northern Indochina, and may become more severe as the region's population and economy continue to grow.

수험생활 중 경주 및 포항 지진 경험

김선주,김유영,김은주,박솔민,배지윤,이민영,이유진,정재원,Li Keying,Wuyingjinzhu,신수진,도지영 이화여자대학교 간호과학대학 2019 이화간호학회지 Vol.- No.53

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to understand the experiences of Gyeongju and Pohang earthquakes during the examinees’ life. Methods: This study applied Colaizzis’s Phenomenological method. The Data was collected through in-depth interviews with a total 8 students of university in Seoul. Results: On the analysis of the interviews, their experience can be expressed as ‘Feeling embarrassed and frightened by earthquakes’, ‘Reduced susceptibility to earthquake hazards due to heavy exam pressure’, ‘Increased exam stress due to earthquake’, ‘Feeling the inadequacy of examinees' earthquake related safety measures in retrospect’. Conclusion: This study was meaningful in deeply understanding of their experiences and revealing that the examinees were more focused on studying rather than actively coping with the disaster. Furthermore, it reconsider the social climate surrounding college admission exams. This study meaningfully discovered that examinees could not stably prepare for both the exam and the earthquake evacuation procedures due to the timing of the earthquake in relation to their upcoming college admission test. Therefore, this study highlighted the examinees’ difficulties due to the earthquakes and increased the necessity of acute phase nursing intervention in relation to the seismic safety education system.

A Phase 3 Evaluation of Daclatasvir plus Asunaprevir in Treatment-Naive Patients with Chronic HCV Genotype 1b Infection

( L. Wei ),( F. Wang ),( M. Zhang ),( J. Jia ),( A.A. Yakovlev ),( W. Xie ),( E.Z. Burnevich ),( J. Niu ),( Y.J. Jung ),( X. Jiang ),( M. Xu ),( X. Chen ),( Q. Xie ),( J. Li ),( J. Hou ),( H. Tang ),( 대한간학회 2017 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2017 No.1

Background/Aims: Treatment-naive GT 1b-infected patients from mainland China, South Korea and Russia were assessed for SVR at follow-up week 12 (SVR12) after receiving daclatasvir (60 mg, QD) and asunaprevir (100 mg, BID) (DCV+ASV). Methods: Patients were randomized 3:1 to receive DCV+ASV (24 weeks; immediate treatment [IM]) or 12 weeks of placebo followed by DCV+ASV (24 weeks; placebo-deferred treatment [PD]). The primary endpoint was to evaluate SVR12 in the IM arm to the historical rate for peginterferon/ribavirin (70%). Secondary endpoints included overall safety and safety comparisons between the treatment arms during the first 12 weeks. Results: 207 patients were randomized to IM (n=155) or PD (n=52); Asian (86%), female (59%), IL28B CC genotype (68%) and median age 49 (range 18-73) years; cirrhosis (13%), HCV RNA ≥6x106 IU/mL (53%). SVR12 in the IM arm was 92% and broadly unaffected by most baseline factors assessed (Figure); SVR12 was higher in patients without (96%) baseline NS5A-L31M/V or Y93H polymorphisms. There were 6 virologic breakthroughs, 6 relapses and 1 detectable HCV RNA at end-of-treatment in the IM arm. Safety was mostly comparable between the two arms during the first 12 weeks. The most frequent adverse events (AEs; ≥5%) during DCV+ASV (24 weeks) treatment in both arms were aminotransferase, bilirubin and INR elevations, hypertension, fatigue and respiratory tract infections; the most frequent treatment-emergent grade 3/4 laboratory abnormalities were aminotransferase (≤4.5%) and hematologic, lipase and total bilirubin abnormalities (≤2%); one patient (IM) discontinued DCV+ASV for aminotransferase elevations, nausea and jaundice (all reversible); one patient PD) discontinued DCV+ASV for a fatal AE unrelated to treatment. Conclusions: These data demonstrate that DCV+ASV is a highly efficacious and well tolerated treatment for treatment-naive HCV GT 1b-infected patients. Those treated immediately with DCV+ASV achieved a 92% SVR12 rate which was unaffected by factors known to attenuate response to interferon.

Association between PCR-RFLP Polymorphism of the Fifth Intron in Lipoprotein Lipase Gene and Productive Traits in Pig Resource Family

Zhang, B.Z.,Lei, M.G.,Deng, C.Y.,Xiong, Y.H.,Zuo, B.,Li, F.E. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2005 Animal Bioscience Vol.18 No.4

The study was aimed at detecting polymorphism of the fifth intron in lipoprotein lipase (LPL) gene and analyzing association between the polymorphism and productive traits. A pair of primers was designed for amplifying the fifth intron. Sequence analysis indicated that a G1171C substitution existed in Large White breed. The mutation was detected by PCR-AfaI-RFLP. Polymorphism analysis in a pig resource family showed that there existed significant effects on carcass and meat quality traits. Thoraxwaist fat thickness of BB genotype was significantly higher (14.2%, p<0.05) than that of AA on carcass traits, while BB genotype was significantly lower (3.6% p<0.01, 4.1% p<0.01; 2.3% p<0.01, 1.9% p<0.01; 1.8% p<0.01, 1.4% p<0.05) than AA and AB genotype in pH of m. Longissimus Dorsi (LD), m. Biceps Femoris (BF), m. Semipinali Capitis (SC). The allelic frequencies were also significantly different between indigenous Chinese breeds and exotic breeds. Data analyzed revealed that the mutation locus affected production traits mostly by additive effects. Based on these results, it is necessary to do more studies on LPL gene before making the LPL locus into the application of marker-assisted selection (MAS) programs.

Mapping of Quantitative Trait Loci on Porcine Chromosome 7 Using Combined Data Analysis

Zuo, B.,Xiong, Y.Z.,Su, Y.H.,Deng, C.Y.,Lei, M.G.,Zheng, R.,Jiang, S.W.,Li, F.E. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2004 Animal Bioscience Vol.17 No.10

To further investigate the regions on porcine chromosome 7 that are responsible for economically important traits, phenotypic data from a total of 287 F2 individuals were collected and analyzed from 1998 to 2000. All animals were genotyped for eight microsatellite loci spanning the length of chromosome 7. QTL analysis was performed using interval mapping under the line-cross model. A permutation test was used to establish significance levels associated with QTL effects. Observed QTL effects were (chromosomewide significance, position of maximum significance in centimorgans): Birth weight (<0.01, 3); Carcass length (<0.05, 80); Longissimus muscle area (<0.01, 69); Skin percentage (<0.01, 69); Bone percentage (<0.01, 74); Fat depths at shoulder (<0.05, 54);Mean fat depth (<0.05, 81); Moisture in m. Longissimus Dorsi (<0.05, 88). Additional evidence was also found which suggested QTL for dressing percentage and fat depths at buttock. This study offers confirmation of several QTL affecting growth and carcass traits on SSC7 and provides an important step in the search for the actual major genes involved in the traits of economic interest.

A new constructive neural network method for noise processing and its application on stock market prediction

Xi, L.,Muzhou, H.,Lee, M.H.,Li, J.,Wei, D.,Hai, H.,Wu, Y. Elsevier Science, B.V 2014 Applied soft computing Vol.15 No.-

In this paper, in order to optimize neural network architecture and generalization, after analyzing the reasons of overfitting and poor generalization of the neural networks, we presented a class of constructive decay RBF neural networks to repair the singular value of a continuous function with finite number of jumping discontinuity points. We proved that a function with m jumping discontinuity points can be approximated by a simplest neural network and a decay RBF neural network in L<SUP>2</SUP>(@?) by each @? error, and a function with m jumping discontinuity point y=f(x),x@?E@?@?<SUP>d</SUP> can be constructively approximated by a decay RBF neural network in L<SUP>2</SUP>(@?<SUP>d</SUP>) by each ε>0 error. Then the whole networks will have less hidden neurons and well generalization in the same of the first part. A real world problem about stock closing price with jumping discontinuity have been presented and verified the correctness of the theory.

중년 사무직 남성의 직무스트레스와 허리둘레, 체질량지수의 관계에 관한 연구

강수임,고보경,김지영,노정연,리청,송주은,이현영,이혜민,최유경,정덕유,이민경 이화여자대학교 간호과학대학 2016 이화간호학회지 Vol.- No.50

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between job stress, body mass index and waist circumference among middle aged male workers. Methods: Using a descriptive correlation study design, a total of 122 middle aged male workers were recruited through convenience sampling from November 8 to December 13, 2015. The questionnaire included in this study were general characteristics and the Korean Occupational Stress Scale-Short Form (KOSS-SF). Data were statistically analyzed using SPSS windows version 22 program with Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Results: A significant relationship was found between job stress, body mass index (p=.043) and waist circumference (p=.007). Conclusion: These results suggest that high job stress are significantly associated with both body mass index and waist circumference of middle aged male workers. This implies a need for intervention that focuses on reducing obesity and metabolic syndrome influenced by job stress.

Effects of Brazing Temperature on Microstructure and High-Temperature Strength of Joints Using a Novel Fourth-Generation Nickel-Based Single Crystal Superalloy

Z. P. Zhang,J. D. Liu,K. Q. Qiu,Y. Y. Huang,J. G. Li,X. G. Wang,J. L. Liu,M. Wang,M. K. Zou,Y. Z. Zhou 대한금속·재료학회 2023 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.29 No.2

A novel fourth-generation nickel-based single crystal superalloy was bonded by vacuum brazing at 1230 °C, 1260 °C and1290 °C for 60 min using a new type of Co-based filler alloy. The effects of the brazing temperature on the microstructureand mechanical properties of the brazed joint were investigated. The brazed joint was mainly composed of the non-isothermalsolidification zone (M3B2 type-boride, CrB boride, Ni3Bboride and MC carbide), isothermal solidification zone (γ and γ'Phase) and base metal. With the increase of brazing temperature, the volume fraction of borides and γ' phase in the centerof the joint decreased and increased, respectively. The high-temperature tensile test results show that the tensile strength ofthe joints was improved with increasing brazing temperature, and the maximum tensile strength of the joint was 766 MPaafter brazing at 1290 °C for 60 min. Fracture observation shows that the fracture modes of the joints were the same, whichbelongs to the typical quasi cleavage fracture. The element distribution in the joint was homogenized to a certain extent at1290 °C. The segregation of Si and Ru was found, but they were still dissolved in the γ solid solution. The experimentalresults help to better understand the microstructure characteristics of the novel fourth-generation nickel-based single crystalsuperalloy and provide guidance for further optimizing the process parameters of the brazed joint.

New Evidence of Alleles (V199I and G52S) at the PRKAG3 (RN) Locus Affecting Pork Meat Quality

Chen, J.F.,Dai, L.H.,Peng, J.,Li, J.L.,Zheng, R.,Zuo, B.,Li, F.E.,Liu, M.,Yue, K.,Lei, M.G.,Xiong, Y.Z.,Deng, C.Y.,Jiang, S.W. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2008 Animal Bioscience Vol.21 No.4

The porcine PRKAG3 (RN) gene encodes the regulatory gamma subunit of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which is a good candidate gene affecting meat quality. In this study, the effects of two missense mutations A595G (Ile199Val) and G154A (Gly52Ser) in porcine PRKAG3 gene on meat quality traits were studied in M. Longissimus dorsi (LD), M. Semispinalis capitis (SC) and M. Biceps femoris (BF) from different populations of 326 pigs. The PRKAG3 alleles 199I, 199IV, 52S and 52G were identified with PCR-RFLPs and all genotypes - 199I/199I, 199I/199V, 199V/199V, 52S/52S, 52S/52G and 52G/52G - were found. The frequency of V allele was larger than that of I allele in all populations. I allele frequency was zero in Chinese Meishan pigs (population D) especially. G allele frequency was larger than that of S allele in all populations except Large White (population A). Both variations at the PRKAG3 locus significantly affected these meat quality traits. The pork meat quality has not previously been established in Meishan or crosses thereof. The results suggested that generally pH of LD, SC and BF was higher in Meishan pigs than that in other populations. Moreover, Meishan pigs showed higher water-holding capacity and intramuscular fat (IMF), lower water content and water loss percentage compared to other populations in terms of the two variations. The results present here supply new evidence that alleles V199I and G52S at the PRKAG3 locus affect pork meat quality and provide useful information on pork production.