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( Won-mook Choi ),( Jonggi Choi ),( Danbi Lee ),( Ju Hyun Shim ),( Kang Mo Kim ),( Young-suk Lim ),( Han Chu Lee ),( Changhoon Yoo ),( Sook Ryun Park ),( Min-hee Ryu ),( Baek-yeol Ryoo ) 대한간학회 2020 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2020 No.1
Aims: Nivolumab showed durable response and safety in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the previous trials. However, real-world data of nivolumab in HCC patients, especially those with Child-Pugh class B, is lacking. We aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of nivolumab in a real- world cohort of patients with advanced HCC. Methods: This study retrospectively evaluated 203 patients with HCC who were treated with nivolumab between July 2017 to February 2019. Radiologic evaluation was based on mRECIST. Survival outcomes were estimated by Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazard model. Logistic regression model was used to identify the predictive factors of treatment response. Results: Of 203 patients, 132 patients were within Child-Pugh class A and 71 patients were within Child-Pugh class B. Objective response rate was lower in patients with Child-Pugh class B than A (2.8% vs. 15.9%; P=0.010 by unweighted analysis and P=0.034 by weighted analysis) and Child-Pugh class was an independent predictor for objective response (Odds ratio, 0.21; 95% confidence interval; 0.05-0.93; P=0.040). Median overall survival was shorter in Child-Pugh B patients (11.3 vs. 42.9 weeks; P<0.001 by both unweighted and weighted analyses). However, other efficacy outcomes including disease control rate, time to progression, and progression-free survival were comparable between Child-Pugh A and B patients by unadjusted, adjusted, matched, and weighted analyses. There was no significant difference in terms of safety between Child-Pugh A and B patients. Conclusions: Given the limited treatment options for advanced HCC in Child-Pugh B patients, nivolumab may be a viable option despite lower response in these patients. Further studies are needed in this patient population.
( Won-mook Choi ),( Jonggi Choi ),( Danbi Lee ),( Ju Hyun Shim ),( Young-suk Lim ),( Han Chu Lee ),( Young-hwa Chung ),( Young-sang Lee ),( Sook Ryun Park ),( Min-hee Ryu ),( Baek-yeol Ryoo ),( So Jun 대한간학회 2020 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2020 No.1
Aims: Regorafenib and nivolumab are drugs approved for second-line treatment of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after sorafenib failure. However, the effectiveness of regorafenib and nivolumab following sorafenib has not been directly compared. Methods: This study retrospectively evaluated 373 patients with HCC who were treated with regorafenib (n=223) or nivolumab (n=150) after sorafenib failure between July 2017 and February 2019. Results: Progression-free survival (PFS; hazard ratio [HR], 0.85; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.69-1.06; P=0.150), time to progression (TTP; HR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.77-1.19; P=0.680), and overall survival (OS; HR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.64-1.07; P=0.154) did not differ significantly between groups of patients treated with regorafenib and nivolumab, findings consistently observed by multivariable-adjusted, propensity score-matched, and inverse probability treatment weighting (IPTW) analyses. However, the objective response rate was significantly higher in the nivolumab than in the regorafenib group (13.3% vs, 4.0%; P=0.002). When the effectiveness of regorafenib and nivolumab was compared in non-progressors to treatment, defined as patients who achieved complete response, partial response, or stable disease after first response evaluation, PFS (HR, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.33-0.75; P=0.001), TTP (HR, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.31-0.73; P<0.001), and OS (HR, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.31-0.87; P=0.013) were significantly longer in the 59 non-progressors to nivolumab than in the 104 non-progressors to regorafenib, findings also observed by multivariable-adjusted and IPTW analyses. Conclusions: Survival outcomes in patients treated with regorafenib and nivolumab after sorafenib failure did not differ significantly. However, nivolumab may be more effective than regorafenib in non-progressors.
Autonomic Neural Regulation of Sodium Transporters and Water Channels in Rat Submandibular Gland
Ryu, Sun-Yeol,Jung, Hyun,Kim, Ki-Yung,Kim, Mi-Won,Lee, Jong-Un The Korean Society of Pharmacology 2006 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.10 No.2
The present study was undertaken to explore the role of autonomic nerves in the regulation of sodium transporters and water channels in the salivary gland. Rats were denervated of their sympathetic or parasympathetic nerves to the submandibular gland. One week later, the expression of Na,K-ATPase, epithelial sodium channels (ENaC), and aquaporins (AQP) was examined in the denervated and contralateral glands. The sympathetic denervation slightly but significantly decreased the expression of ${\alpha}1$ subunit of Na,K-ATPase, whereas the parasympathetic denervation increased it. The expression of ${\alpha}$-subunit of ENaC was significantly increased in both the denervated and contralateral glands either by the sympathetic or parasympathetic denervation. The sympathetic denervation significantly increased the expression of AQP5 in both the denervated and contralateral glands, whereas the parasympathetic denervation decreased it. It is suggested that the autonomic nerves have a tonic effect on the regulation of sodium transporters and AQP water channels in the salivary gland.
Association of the G134A and G184C Polymorphisms in the CYP1A1 Gene with Lung Cancer Incidence
Ryu, Doug-Young,Huang, Ming-Ai,Park, Chang-Bo,Chang, Soo-Im,Im, Ruth,Choi, Seong-Jin,Kim, Na-Young,Park, In-Won,Choi, Byoung-Whui,Kim, Jae-Yeol,Shin, Jong-Wook,Choi, Jae-Chul,Choi, Byung-Sun,Park, Jun Korean Society of ToxicologyKorea Environmental Mu 2008 Toxicological Research Vol.25 No.3
The G184C and G134A single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) of the CYP1A1 gene result in Ala62Pro and Gly45Asp substitutions, respectively. Here, we tested whether these SNPs are associated with an alteration in lung cancer incidence. We examined 80 Korean subjects with lung cancer and 240 age- and sex-matched controls. For each subject, the CYP1A1 gene was PCR amplified and sequenced. We observed that the odds ratio(OR) for lung cancer was 3.37 higher in subjects with the G184C polymorphism than in controls(95% confidence interval(CI), $0.89{\sim}12.73$, P=0.07). In contrast, the OR for lung cancer was 1.23 in subjects with the G134A polymorphism compared to controls(95% CI, $0.68{\sim}2.20$, P=0.49). The G184C polymorphism exacerbated the effects of smoking on lung cancer development. Gene-smoking interaction analyses revealed that past or present smokers with the G184C polymorphism had a higher incidence of lung cancer(OR, 24.72; 95% CI, $4.48{\sim}136.31$; P<0.01) than control smokers(OR, 6.65; 95% CI, $2.72{\sim}16.28$; P<0.01). However, there was only a slight difference in the ORs for lung cancer between control smokers and smokers with the G134A polymorphism. These findings suggest that the G184C polymorphism, but not the G134A polymorphism, is associated with an increased risk of lung cancer.
PDG를 이용한 Intraprocedural 슬라이서의 설계
강원임(Won-Im Kang),류희열(Hee-Yeol Ryu),박재흥(Jae-Heung Park) 한국정보과학회 1994 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.21 No.2B
슬라이스의 유용성은 testing, parallel processor distribution, maintenance, debugging등에서 잘 알려져 있다. 슬라이스를 구하기 위한 기법은 자료 흐름 분석과 제어흐름 분석을 이용한 기존의 Weiser 방법과 PDG를 이용하는 방법이 있다. 본 논문은 기존의 방법보다 더욱 정확한 슬라이스를 구할 수 있는 PDG를 이용하여 슬라이서를 설계한다.