Trophoblast Cell Subtypes and Dysfunction in the Placenta of Individuals with Preeclampsia Revealed by Single‑Cell RNA Sequencing

Wenbo Zhou,Huiyan Wang,Yuqi Yang,Fang Guo,Bin Yu,Zhaoliang Su 한국분자세포생물학회 2022 Molecules and cells Vol.45 No.5

Trophoblasts, important functional cells in the placenta, play a critical role in maintaining placental function. The heterogeneity of trophoblasts has been reported, but little is known about the trophoblast subtypes and distinctive functions during preeclampsia (PE). In this study, we aimed to gain insight into the cell type-specific transcriptomic changes by performing unbiased single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) of placental tissue samples, including those of patients diagnosed with PE and matched healthy controls. A total of 29,006 cells were identified in 11 cell types, including trophoblasts and immune cells, and the functions of the trophoblast subtypes in the PE group and the control group were also analyzed. As an important trophoblast subtype, extravillous trophoblasts (EVTs) were further divided into 4 subgroups, and their functions were preliminarily analyzed. We found that some biological processes related to pregnancy, hormone secretion and immunity changed in the PE group. We also identified and analyzed the regulatory network of transcription factors (TFs) identified in the EVTs, among which 3 modules were decreased in the PE group. Then, through in vitro cell experiments, we found that in one of the modules, CEBPB and GTF2B may be involved in EVT dysfunction in PE. In conclusion, our study showed the different transcriptional profiles and regulatory modules in trophoblasts between placentas in the control and PE groups at the single-cell level; these changes may be involved in the pathological process of PE, providing a new molecular theoretical basis for preeclamptic trophoblast dysfunction.

Parametric study on bearing capacity of CFST members considering the concrete horizontal casting effect

Wenbo Sun,Yiqun Luo,Weijian Zhou,Wei Huang 국제구조공학회 2012 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.13 No.3

Concrete filled steel tubular (CFST) member has been widely used in the construction of highrise buildings for its high axial bearing capacity. It can also be applied on long-span structures such as spatial structures or bridges not only for its high bearing capacity but also for its construction convenience. Concrete casting effect of CFST member is considered in the study of its bearing capacity in this paper. Firstly, in order to authenticate the applicability of constitutive relationship and yield criterion of steel and concrete based on FEM, two ANSYS models are built to simulate and compared with other’s test. Secondly, in order to find the huge difference in bearing capacity due to different construction processes, two full-size CFST models are studied when they are horizontally cast and axially compressed. Finally, the effects of slenderness ratio (L/D) and confining parameter (D/t) of CFST members are studied to reveal the intrinsic links between bearing capacity and slenderness ratio or confining parameter.

Ganoderma lucidum Polysaccharide Fractions Accelerate Healing of Acetic Acid-Induced Ulcers in Rats

Shufeng Zhou,Wenbo Tang,He Gao,Eli Chan,Jin Lan,Yihuai Gao 한국식품영양과학회 2004 Journal of medicinal food Vol.7 No.4

The polysaccharide (PS) fractions from several medicinal herbs have been reported to have antiulcer effects against experimental ulcer in the rat. The watersoluble PS fractions from G. lucidum (Reishi mushroom) have been shown to inhibit indomethacin-induced gastric mucosal lesions in rats. This study aimed to investigate the effect of the PS fraction from G. lucidum on the healing of gastric ulcer induced by acetic acid in the rat and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms involved. The abdomen of rats was incised and the stomach treated with 10 M acetic acid (100 l) for 1 min, and then treated with G. lucidum PS (0.1, 0.5 or 1.0 g/kg) intragastrically, once a day for 14 consecutive days. The results indicated that the oral administration of G. lucidum PS at 0.5 and 1.0 g/kg for 2 weeks caused a significant acceleration of the ulcer healing by 40.1% and 55.9%, respectively. In the mechanistic studies, additional rats were treated with 10 M acetic acid to induce acute ulcers, and then treated with G. lucidum PS (1.0 g/kg) for 3, 7, 10 or 14 days. Exposure of the rat stomach to acetic acid led to decreased mucus and increased prostaglandin levels. Treatment of G. lucidum PS at 1.0 g/kg significantly (P < 0.05) suppressed or restored the decreased gastric mucus levels and increased gastric prostaglandin concentrations compared to the control group. These results indicates that G. lucidum PS is an active component with healing efficacy on acetic acid-induced ulcer in the rat, which may represent a useful herbal preparation for the prevention and treatment of peptic ulcers.

A Randomized, Double-Blind and Placebo-Controlled Study of a Ganoderma lucidum Polysaccharide Extract in Neurasthenia

Shufeng Zhou,Min Huang,Wenbo Tang,Yihuai Gao,Guoliang Chen,He Gao,Xihu Dai,Jinxian Ye,Eli Chan 한국식품영양과학회 2005 Journal of medicinal food Vol.8 No.1

Effects of Water-Soluble Ganoderma lucidum Polysaccharides on the Immune Funtions of Patients with Advanced Lung Cancer

Shufeng Zhou,Yihuai Gao,Wenbo Tang,Xihu Dai,He Gao,Guoliang Chen,Jinxian Ye,Eli Chan,Hwee Lling Koh,Xiaotian Li 한국식품영양과학회 2005 Journal of medicinal food Vol.8 No.2

Preclinical studies have established that the polysaccharide fractions of Ganoderma lucidumhave potential an-titumor activity. Recent clinical studies have demonstrated that G. lucidumpolysaccharides enhance host immune functions[e.g., enhanced natural killer (NK) cell activity] in patients with advanced solid tumors, although an objective response wasnot observed. This open-label study aimed to evaluate the effects of water-soluble G. lucidumpolysaccharides (Ganopoly??,Encore International Corp., Auckland, New Zealand) on immune functions in patients with advanced lung cancer. Thirty-sixpatients were enrolled and treated with 5.4 g/day Ganopoly for 12 weeks. In the 30 cancer patients who completed the trial,treatment with Ganopoly did not significantly alter the mean mitogenic reactivity to phytohemagglutinin, mean counts of CD3,CD4, CD8, and CD56, mean plasma concentrations of interleukin (IL)-2, IL-6, and interferon (IFN)-., or NK activity in thepatients, but the results were significantly variable. However, some cancer patients demonstrated markedly modulated im-mune functions. The changes in IL-1 were correlated with those for IL-6, IFN-., CD3, CD8, and NK activity (P. .05), andIL-2 changes were correlated with those for IL-6, CD8, and NK activity. The results suggest that subgroups of cancer patientsmight be responsive to Ganopoly in combination with chemotherapy/radiotherapy. Further studies are needed to explore theefficacy and safety of Ganopoly used alone or in combination with chemotherapy/radiotherapy in lung cancer patients.

Effects of GanoPoly (A Ganoderma Iucidum Polysaccharide Extract) on the Immune Functions in Advanced-Stage Cancer Patients

Yihuai Gao,Shufeng Zhou,He Gao,Wenbo Tang,Xihu Dai,Wenqi Jiang,Min Huang 한의병리학회 2003 대한동의병리학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2003 No.7

Phase-field simulation of radiation-induced bubble evolution in recrystallized U-Mo alloy

Yanbo Jiang,Yong Xin,Wenbo Liu,Zhipeng Sun,Ping Chen,Dan Sun,Mingyang Zhou,Xiao Liu,Di Yun 한국원자력학회 2022 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.54 No.1

In the present work, a phase-field model was developed to investigate the influence of recrystallizationon bubble evolution during irradiation. Considering the interaction between bubbles and grain boundary(GB), a set of modified Cahn-Hilliard and Allen-Cahn equations, with field variables and order parametersevolving in space and time, was used in this model. Both the kinetics of recrystallization characterized inexperiments and point defects generated during cascade were incorporated in the model. The bubbleevolution in recrystallized polycrystalline of UeMo alloy was also investigated. The simulation resultsshowed that GB with a large area fraction generated by recrystallization accelerates the formation andgrowth of bubbles. With the formation of new grains, gas atoms are swept and collected by GBs. Thesimulation results of bubble size and distribution are consistent with the experimental results.

Coring Damage Extent of Rock Cores Retrieved from High In-situ Stress Condition: A Case Study

Peng Yan,Qi He,Wenbo Lu,Yanli He,Wei Zhou,Ming Chen 대한토목학회 2017 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.21 No.7

The distribution of damage in deep rock cores is critical for assessing its influence on rock mechanical characteristics. This paper presents a case study on estimating the coring damage extent induced by the stress redistribution through a combined method of numerical simulation and X-ray Computed Tomography (CT) scanning. Rock cores are taken at 1900 m depth from the test tunnel at Jin-ping Second Stage Hydropower Station (JPII) in China. Firstly, the stress path experienced by the rock core during coring has been examined by the numerical simulation, and the distribution of tensile zone in the cross-section of rock core is also discussed. Then two kinds of samples, collected from the same position under different stress levels, are scanned to obtain CT images, and a special CT value analysis strategy was adopted to evaluate coring damage intensities of these samples. The result indicates that the stress state can be regarded as the principal factor for the distribution of coring damage. During coring in the Test Tunnel of JPII under the quasi-hydrostatic stress condition, high tensile stresses (over 5 MPa) are observed at the exterior edge of rock cores, which may lead to the nucleation of microcracks around the core boundary, and the coring damage then propagates to the core centre. The CT scanning also illustrates that the coring damage zone may cover approximately 70~80% of the entire cross-section from the outside inside (stress level of 50 MPa), and that the central part of the core is less damaged or eventually undisturbed. Thus, intact rock samples can be expected to be obtained by overcoring the original rock cores. However, the applicability of the overcoring method seems to be largely dependent on the state of in-situ stress at the coring site. The whole core may be damaged if the lateral stress coefficient reaches a critical value (e.g. greater than 3.0), in which case a special coring equipment should be adopted to improve the stress state during coring.

Surgical Options for Appropriate Length of J-Pouch Construction for Better Outcomes and Long-term Quality of Life in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis after Ileal Pouch-Anal Anastomosis

Xu Weimin,Tang Wenbo,Ding Wenjun,Hua Zhebin,Wang Yaosheng,Ge Xiaolong,Cui Long,Wu Xiaojian,Zhou Wei,Ding Zhao,Du Peng 거트앤리버 소화기연관학회협의회 2024 Gut and Liver Vol.18 No.1

Background/Aims: Total proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) is widely accepted as a radical surgery for refractory ulcerative colitis (UC). Definite results on the appropriate pouch length for an evaluation of the risk-to-benefit ratio regarding technical complications and long-term quality of life (QOL) are still scarce. Methods: Data on UC patients who underwent IPAA from 2008 to 2022 in four well-established pouch centers affiliated to China UC Pouch Center Union were collected. Results: A total of 208 patients with a median follow-up time of 6.0 years (interquartile range, 2.3 to 9.0 years) were enrolled. The median lengths of the patients’ short and long pouches were 14.0 cm (interquartile range, 14.0 to 15.0 cm) and 22.0 cm (interquartile range, 20.0 to 24.0 cm), respectively. Patients with a short J pouch configuration were less likely to achieve significantly improved long-term QOL (p=0.015) and were prone to develop late postoperative complications (p=0.042), such as increased defecation frequency (p=0.003) and pouchitis (p=0.035). A short ileal pouch was an independent risk factor for the development of late postoperative complications (odds ratio, 3.100; 95% confidence interval, 1.519 to 6.329; p=0.002) and impaired long-term QOL improvement (odds ratio, 2.221; 95% confidence interval, 1.218 to 4.050, p=0.009). Conclusions: The length of the J pouch was associated with the improvement in long-term QOL and the development of late post-IPAA complications. A long J pouch configuration could be a considerable surgical option for pouch construction.

Monitoring for Damage in Two-Dimensional Pre-Stress Scratching of SiC Ceramics

Gaofeng Zhang,Yijiang Zeng,Wenbo Zhang,Houming Zhou,Zhangya Wen,Yuan Yao 한국정밀공학회 2016 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.17 No.11

This paper reports an approach to use the acoustic emission (AE) technology for monitoring the surface/subsurface damage in twodimensional pre-stress scratching of SiC ceramics, in which the two-dimensional pre-stress is used to decrease the scratch-induced damage. Experiments in this study were conducted on a UMT-2 machine (CETR USA) utilizing a designed pre-stressing device under pressures of 0 MPa, 300 MPa and 500 MPa. The experimental results demonstrate that average frequency and magnitude of AE signals have a good correlation with the scratching tangential force and the scratch-induced surface /subsurface damage of materials. For a given normal load, the average frequency and magnitude of AE signals are observed to decrease with the increase in pre-stress, which indicates that surface/subsurface damage of SiC ceramics induced by two-dimensional pre-stress scratching is less than that induced by conventional scratching. The findings provide fundamental information for developing a practical on-line AE monitoring system that is effective in detecting surface/subsurface damage in scratching or grinding of ceramics. These results also demonstrate that two-dimensional pre-stress method contributes to decreasing the machining damage of brittle materials.