그람음성 간균의 수술후 상기도 정착에 관한 연구

석민호,김완식,조양자 한양대학교 의과대학 1987 한양의대 학술지 Vol.7 No.1

Upper respiratory colonization and subsequent postoperative pneumonia caused by gram-negative bacilli are increased in patients undergoing surgical procedure. The present study was to investigate the effect of surgical procedure on postoperative respiratory colonization and subsequent infection caused by gram-negative bacilli. Among patients undergoing various major and minor operations at Hanyang university hospital during the months of November and December of 1985, 50 patients were chosen to evaluate the changes in upper respirtory colonization by gram-negative bacilli and receptivity of buccal epithelial cells to Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a common respiratory colonizer and pathogen. Upper respiratory colonization by gram-negative bacilli was significantly increased from preoperative 10% (5/50) to postoperative 29% (13/45). Klebisiella pneumoniae was the most frequent postopertative isolate (4 strains). Viability of buccal epithelial cells was decresed postoperaively (P<0.05). Receptivity of buccal epithelial cell to Pseudomonas aeruginosa was increased postoperatively (P<0.001) in mean numbers of attached bacteria per cell and in numbers of cells with minimal numbers of attached bacteria and these two parameters were extremely correlated (=0.999). Upper respiratory colonization rate of gram-negative bacilli and increase in receptivity of buccal epithelial cells to Pseudomonas aeruginosa was significantly greater in patients whose operation took more than 2 hours than in those whose operation lasted less than 2 hours (P<0.001). Data obtained in the present study suggest that changes in surface binding properties of upper respiratory epithelium may be an important factor in predisposing to postoperative respiratory infection by gram-negative bacilli.

미국연방순회항소법원의 판례에 나타난 특허침해소송에 있어서의 균등성이론

양석완,송석언 제주대학교 1994 논문집 Vol.39 No.1

The main purpose of patent law is to promote the progress of science and technology by encouraging research and disclosure of results. To support this goal, the patent system gives the inventor a property right and protection from infringement. On the other hand, inventors are also required to specify their patent rights so that the public may know what they are prohibited from doing during theexistence of the monopoly……" Although the patent system intends to protect the patented inventor from would be infringers, there is strong public policy for limiting patent protection to the terms of the claim. patent infringement occurs where either the alleged infringing device li-terally falls within the scope of the claim, or where the accused device performs substantially the same function, in substantially the same way, to obtain substantially the same result as the claimed invention. The latter is the doctrine of equivalents designed to prevent a patented invention from being pirated by minor and unsubstantial changes. This doctrine may be a significant tool for proving infringement, and its use is becoming important to patent infringement litigation. One issue important in applying the doctrine of equivalents concerns the means plus function claim stated in the patent Act of 1952, §112(6). The purpose and the scope of this section has often been confused with the application of doctrine of equivalents. The CAFC has distinguished statutory equivalents from the doctrine of equivalents in interpreting the means plus function claims. Until 1982, infringement actions were heard in district courts and of Appeals of the several circuits. The courts in each circuit decided the same issue independently, and a great inconsistency arose among the circuits. After the Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit (CAFC) was establishedby merging the Court of Customs and Patent Appeals (CCPA) and the Appellate Division of the Court of Claims (Ct. Cl.), the CAFC addressed several major issues concering claim interpretation in patent infringement litigation, including the doctrine of equivalents. In the application of the doctrine of equivalents by the Federal Circuit, there has been much controversy over the judicial standards for infringement analysis. A most controversial and inconsistent issue is whether infribnge-ment under the doctrine of equivalents should be determined by looking at the invention as a whole" or on an element by element" basis. This controversy relates to the balancing requirement between public policy for limiting the patent claim by restrictive claim interpretation and protection of patented inventions by expensive interpretation of patent claims.

국제증권거래에 대한 미국의 사물재판관할권

서완석 한국기업법학회 2003 企業法硏究 Vol.13 No.-

With the reformation of the world securities markets, a great many transnational corporations with only nominal nationality issue stocks in many countries and list on multiple foreign exchanges. Besides, advances in telecommunications, international travel and shipping, and global financial liberalization played a decisive role to merge into an interconnected marketplace, which were once a large number of relatively isolated markets. And also, the development of Internet has given opportunity to an enormous number of investors to buy and sell securities in a public way. However, the increase in "transnational" securities transactions produces greater opportunity to any one who watches for a chance committing a fraud. To solve these problems, each country should extend the boundary of antifraud laws to largely foreign transactions. In some cases, it may happen that there will be a possibility to give up much-needed protection to their own citizens and markets. The application of the 1934 Act's antifraud provisions to foreign transactions distorted the scope of American legal system's fairness. Much is damaged as American Courts try to expand the reach of the United States securities laws to cover international transactions. Congress didn't intend the securities laws to inspect the international securities market. It legislated the domestic act covering the world's market scope without proper direction or purpose. Globalization of securities market places a heavier burden upon countries to investigate improper investment activity because the increase in "transnational" securities transactions produces greater possibility of committing securities fraud. Therefore, there can be assertion that a broader conduct analysis of subject matter jurisdiction should be adopted, but the international system requires a reconsideration of the internationalization of securities fraud and a modification of the doctrines for applying extraterritorial jurisdiction because of political sensitivity. After all, the extraterritorial application of the antifraud provisions must be considered both in a manner that the purpose of the 1934 Act should be comprehended and the role of one nation in the internationalized community played should be apprehended.

컴퓨터 비젼 방법을 이용한 3차원 물체 위치 결정에 관한 연구

장완식,김경석,이성민,주철,김재확,김대현 한국공작기계학회 1999 한국생산제조학회지 Vol.8 No.6

This study shows an alternative method for the determination of object's position, based on a computer vision method. This approach develops the vision system model to define the reciprocal relationship between the 3-D real space and 2-D image plane. The developed model involves the bilinear six-view parameters, which is estimated using the relationship between the camera space location and real coordinates of known position. Based on the estimated parameters in independent cameras, the position of unknown object is accomplished using as sequential estimation scheme that permits data of unknown points in each of the 2-D image plane of cameras. This vision control method is the robust and reliable, which overcomes the difficulties of the conventional research such as precise calibration of the vision sensor, exact kinematic modeling of the robot, and correct knowledge of the relative positions and orientation of the robot and CCD camera. Finally, the developed vision control method is tested experimentally by performing determination of object position is the space using computer vision system. These results show the presented method is precise and compatible.

음성신호의 실시간 끝점 검출에 관한 연구

김성석,이완주 용인대학교 자연과학연구소 2000 自然科學硏究所論文誌 Vol.5 No.1

In this paper, we present a speech end-point detection method for real time speech processing. The algorithm uses short time energy and zero crossing rate as a statistical feature of speech. Statistical thresholds of energy and zero crossing rate are periodically recalculated from the background noise if the speech start-point has not been detected. And if speech does not continue for pre-defined period of time, A/D conversion stops. In experiments, the real-time end-point detector on Pentium III PC shows the error rate of 2% in an office environment.

하부팽창형 임프란트의 유한요소 분석 및 골형성에 대한 연구

한석환,김영규,민경기,조완석,권종진 大韓顎顔面成形再建外科學會 2003 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.25 No.3

The aim of this study was to evaluate by finite element analysis influence of investigated expanding implant on stress distribution and to observe biocompatibility, bone formation feature and change in the bone contact area around the explanding implant through experimental animal study. FEA models of the mandible were constructed based on three-dimensional graphic data of the bone structure around an osseointegrated implant, analysis of stress distribution followed by 100N vertical, 50N horizontal was done. And in the animal study, expanding implant were placed in the mandibles of eight Korean mongrel dogs and analyzed the results with histomorphometric measurements. In finite element analysis, compressive stresses are produced at the bone tissue surrounding the implant, and the contact area between the implant and the bone tissue is increased, which result in increased resistance to horizontal and vertical pressure loads. In the histomorphometric analysis, the measured ratio of the contact surface and bon density between implant and bone was similar to those of the controlled group from 6 weeks. It is thought that increased horizontal and vertical resistance is a great help to the immediate loading on expanding implant and that there needs standardizing quantitative measurement of implant stability and osseointegration to determine whether or not to use the functional loading and to reduce the total treatment period reliably by placing functional loading on each implant based on both bone quality and implant stability.

GRAM 작업 관리용 확장형 실행환경 정보 서비스 시스템 설계

김완규,김현주,정미숙,장경일,박규석 진주산업대학교 산업과학기술연구소 2005 산업과학기술연구소보 Vol.- No.12

Grid computing is an emerging technology that promise to unify resources and computing power in many organizations together. It couples a wide variety of geographically distributed computational resources, and presents them as a unified integrated high-end computer. The Globus Resource Allocation and Management(GRAM) service provides for the management and remote execution of jobs defined using a standard Resource Specification Language(RSL) requested by client in grid environment. However, Currently the GRAM has very limited functionality to support for applications that required special execution environment. Here, we provide a proposal for Execution Environment Information interacted with broker to support the GRAM's special execution environment.

부품교정공정의 학습효과 연구

곽태완,윤석명 충남대학교 경상대학부설 경영경제연구소 1992 경영논집 Vol.8 No.2

서버기반의 상호대화방식 객체 모델을 이용한 대화형 웹사이트 구현

고완기,문석환 제주한라대학 1997 論文集 Vol.21 No.-

The number of users who want to get new information from the internet which called "Ocean of Information" are increasing every year. For Company, they connect to outside network system which called internet with inside network system for improving their competition against others and re - thinking their own image through an interchange of information freely. Thus, it is very important that we have to protect of information so that we can make an information - oriented society. We should build closed web site for the protection which is known to hackers who can exchange their own information and to public users who can get any information through any source from Unix and TCP/IP. It can be possible to protect site without firewall. In regard to certification of the users and maintain, we can explain ASP (Action Service Page) which is easily able to manage with Cookies Collection and can build closed web site model with ASP. This thesis introduces new web site by ASP for person to person among closed web users or each web user to server. That is, this is the way to build perfect protection web site for closed users. This method will develope web shopping system by internet or controlled conversation system which must be protected for the same company groups.

Dead hand poison pill의 정당성

서완석 圓光大學校 法學硏究所 2006 法學硏究 Vol.22 No.1

In recent years the status of so-called dead hand polson pill as an anti-takeover means has been the main subject of discussion in the United States. Even though there are no authorities in Court of Appeals at federal level as yet, this upgraded new version of poison pill has been reviewed in several courts in various states. It is true to say that it is impossible to find any uniform or harmonizing standard in recognizing the validity or effectiveness of this new breed throughout different courts at this moment. However under the circumstance In which on the one hand European Union and adjacent Japan has already adopted poison pill as a valid anti-takeover measure in their system and on the other hostile takeover biddings have been on the increase in domestic market gradually, it seems to be high time to consider seriously the possibility of the adoption of so-called poison pill or its permutation as an effective anti-takeover measure. Under this realization it seemed productive to delve into the situation in which this measure has been employed in various forms according to the needs of the market. The provisional conclusion drawn from the above observations into the status quo in US from both theoretical and practical perspective is that the measure itself can perform quite a positive role to enhance the overall benefits for shareholders as well as the managements if it is possible for the shareholders can have a countervailing means to check the delinquency of the managements. In this sense it is submitted with due respect that this kind of defense measure can also be considered to be operative as a balancing factor even in our system provided that more independent outside directors are to be appointed and anterior or posterior regulatory mechanisms are to be fully equipped for the protection of the shareholders.