Political Change and the Women's Movement in Hong Kong and Macau

LAM, Wai-man Ewha Womans University Press 2006 Asian Journal of Women's Studies(AJWS) Vol.12 No.1

During the colonial era, women's movements in Hong Kong and Macau differed substantially in nature, agenda, organization and strategies. Their divergence was mainly attributable to the different political opportunity structures offered by the British and the Portuguese colonial administrations at different points of time. Partial democratization in Hong Kong in the late transition period nurtured a rather vocal feminist movement which was not so in Macau during the same Administrative Regions (SARs) of China in 1997 and 1999 respectively, similar obstacles emerged before consciousness, women's movements in both places have been increasingly constrained by the development of a crude nationalistic discourse that emphasizes unity and stability, and political structures that do not share power with civil society and respond selectively to social demands.

Twenty-four months long-term follow-up report on the effect of poly lactic-co-glycolic acid suspension suture in Asian with mild-moderate face laxity

Lam Phoebe Kar Wai,Fung Chi Pun,Lam James Yui,Luk Wang Lung,Lee Alvin Ka Wai,Lee Cheuk Hung,Tam Paul Man Kei,Lau Edwin Kwan Chark 대한미용의학회 2022 대한미용의학회지 Vol.6 No.1

Background: There was evidence of improvement in mid-face laxity using three pairs of suspension sutures in mid-face lifting in our early and mid-term follow-up. Objective: This 24-month prospective follow-up study aimed to determine the efficacy of mid-face lifting and lower jawline contouring using poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) sutures in Asian patients. Methods: Ten healthy volunteers received three pairs of 8-cones bidirectional cones sutures at the mid-face. One of the ten volunteers lost to follow-up, and all remaining patients followed up for 24 months. Our primary outcome measure is the change in the facial laxity rating scale (FLRS), an “improvement” defined as at least “one-grade change” in FLRS. Other assessment parameters include the severity of the nasolabial fold (NLF), assessed on the wrinkle severity rating scale (WSRS). The secondary outcome measures were the self-satisfaction rating scale (SSRS) and global aesthetic improvement scale (GAIS), rated by participants at each follow-up interval. Results: A linear improvement in the mid-face was observed almost immediately after treatment, with progressive improvement up to at least 12 months following the intervention and no deterioration by 24 months. This improvement was significant (p<0.05), and the differences between before and after treatment at each follow-up interval were large (Cohen’s d>0.8). Contour improvement for the lower face followed a similar trend, except for a delay in the observable differences at three months (Cohen’s d=0.29, 0.8 at six weeks and three months, respectively). The differences in the level of patient satisfaction were significant (p<0.05) from 6 weeks to 24 months, peaking between 12 and 18 months, based on both the GAIS and SSRS ratings. No observed complications. Conclusion: Mid-facing lifting in Asian patients with mild-to-moderate laxity is safe and effective with PLGA bidirectional cone sutures, with concurrent improvement in the lower face contour and elevated patient satisfaction over the 24-month follow-up period.

電子學習對香港小學生書寫漢字的影響

( Wai Yi Chou ),( Chun Man Sin ),( Wai Ip Lam ),( King Ping Chan ),( Ka Man Ma ) 한국한자한문교육학회 2014 漢字 漢文敎育 Vol.33 No.-

홍콩 교육당국은 90년대부터 적극적으로 정보통신기술을 이용한 학습을 추진 하였다. 그러나 전자학습이 소학교 학생들의 연필을 잡고 한자를 쓰는데 있어 어떤 영향을 미칠 것인가에 대해서는 여전히 많은 논쟁이 있다. 전자교재를 교육의 보조도구로 활용하는 방안은 이미 20년을 넘도록 추진되고 있으나, 오직 학자들만이 가끔씩 이 변화가 가져오는 이익과 손해에 대해서 관심을 가지고 있을 뿐이다. 본 연구는 두 개의 소학교에 있는 네 개 반의 5학년 학생 80명을 연구 대상으로 삼아, 녹화와 분석을 통해 학생들의 한자쓰기를 상하구조, 좌우구조, 전포위구조, 반포위구조 등으로 분류하고, 계량화하였다. 이 때 비교실험군(전자학습반)과 통제군(전통학습반)으로 나누고 학생들의 한자 쓰기 필순의 습관과 틀리게 쓰는 상황이 각기 다르게 나타는 상황과 한자 쓰기 퀴즈와 면담의 내용 까지도 실험 내용에 포함시켰다. 연구를 통해 우리는 대조군과 실험군에서 암묵적으로 사용하는 한자쓰기와 필순에 별다른 차이가 없음을 발견하였다. 하지만 실험조의 낮은 수준의 학생들은 암묵적 쓰기에 있어서 대조군의 낮은 수준의 학생에 비해 현격하게 낮은 결과를 나타내었다. 교사 심층 면담을 통해 전자학습이 학생들의 한자 쓰기에 부정적 영향을 미치고 있으며, 합리적인 하자교육의 운용과 평가, 학교 공부를 통해 이를 감소시키거나 없앨 수 있음을 알았다. 바대로 얘기하자면 보조적인 교수 학습 전략이 부족하다면 낮은 수준의 학생들은 한자를 학습하는데 부정적인 영향이 계속 될 가능성이 있으며, 학습에 부담을 증가시킬 수 있다는 것이다. 때문에 교사는 전자학습의 보조적인 전략을 운영할 때에도 많은 주의를 기울여야 한다. The Hong Kong Education Bureau has been actively promoting e-learning since the 90s. However, it is still debatable whether the use of electronic media for learning is of negative influence to primary students` handwriting for Chinese characters. Ever since the adoption of e-learning, few scholars have paid ample and close attention to the pros and cons derived from the change. This research is based on four classes of 80 primary five students in total as subjects, through video recording and analysis of the performance of students` handwriting specifically by approaches such as evaluation of top-bottom, left-right and whole-surrounded, semi-surrounded structure of Chinese characters. To measure and compare between the experimental group (learning Chinese characters through electronic materials) and the control group (learning Chinese characters through traditional materials), handwriting of Chinese characters including order of strokes and seriousness of characters mistakes, were studied to see the difference. The research data includes the interviews of the teachers and the results of the Chinese characters writing test. The findings of this research, generally speaking, is that the experimental group has no significant difference in dictation ability and stroke order compared to the control group. However, low-achieving students in the experimental group are found to have lower dictation abilities than that of the control group. The teachers interview show that if the strategies, assessments and assignments of the teaching of literacy are well coordinated, the negative effect of e-learning on writing Chinese characters may be diminished or even eliminated. On the contrary, the insufficiency of corresponding strategies and the subsequent workloads may cause negative effect of learning Chinese character for low-achieving students. Therefore, teachers have to be careful while using corresponding strategies for teaching Chinese characters.

Political Change and the Women’s Movementin Hong Kong and Macau

Wai-man LAM,Irene L. K. TONG 이화여자대학교 아시아여성학센터 2006 Asian Journal of Women's Studies(AJWS) Vol.12 No.1

During the colonial era, women’s movements in Hong Kong and Macau differed substantially in nature, agenda, organization and strategies. Their divergence was mainly attributable to the different political opportunity structures offered by the British and the Portuguese colonial administrations at different points of time. Partial democratization in Hong Kong in the late transition period nurtured a rather vocal feminist movement which was not so in Macau during the same period. However, when Hong Kong and Macau became Special Administrative Regions (SARs) of China in 1997 and 1999 respectively, similar obstacles emerged before them. Though still substantially different in their levels of feminist con- sciousness, women’s movements in both places have been increas- ingly constrained by the development of a crude nationalistic dis- course that emphasizes unity and stability, and political structures that do not share power with civil society and respond selectively to social demands.

Outcome of mid- and lower face lifting using bidirectional cone sutures at 6 months and 1 year

Phoebe Kar Wai Lam,James Yui Lam,Alvin Kar Wai Lee,Clyde Wang Lung Luk,Paul Man Kei Tam,Cheuk Hung Lee 대한미용의학회 2021 대한미용의학회지 Vol.5 No.1

Soft tissue ptosis occurs with age, leading to loss of facial volume. The facial retaining ligamentous system is an intricate network of fibrous tissues connecting the whole face, restraining soft tissues from gravitational forces, and opposing facial movements. With proper positioning and anchorage within the ligamentous grid and superficial fat repositioning, lifting the mid-face and adjacent areas (e.g., jowl) is likely to occur. We aimed to determine whether inserting 3 pairs of bidirectional cone sutures can effectively improve the nasolabial fold (mid-face) and jowl (lower face) in Asian patients with mild to moderate mid-face laxity at 6 months and 12 months. Ten healthy volunteers with mild to moderate facial laxity received 3 pairs of bidirectional cone threads, inserted in a straight parallel technique. Based on validated evaluation parameters: facial laxity rating scale (FLRS) and the wrinkle severity rating scale, a total of 7 independent reviewers, among which 3 assessed the change in mid-face laxity (nasolabial fold), and the other 4 reviewers evaluated the change in jowl or lower face contour based on FLRS at 6 months and 12 months. All reviewers were experienced esthetic doctors. According to the reviewers’ evaluation based on the validated parameters, there was a linear improvement in the mid-face laxity/nasolabial fold and lower face laxity/jawline contour self-reporting patients’ satisfaction at 6 months and 12 months compared to baseline in all 10 patients. There was continuous improvement in mid-face laxity and lower face laxity from baseline, 6 months, and 12 months after treatment. The evaluation results among the reviewers were similar, apart from reviewer 7. All patients gave their best rating at 12 months, and their satisfaction almost doubled compared to that before treatment.

An Unusual Cause of Hemoptysis: Congenital Absence of the Right Pulmonary Artery in a Young Male

Chan Victor Siang Hua,Ma Wai Han,Ho Wai Yin,Chan Carmen Wing Sze,Cheung Stephen Chi Wai,Lam Wendy Wai Man 아시아심장혈관영상의학회 2019 Cardiovascular Imaging Asia Vol.3 No.1

Unilateral absent pulmonary artery (UAPA) is rare and can occur in association with cardiovascular anomalies or in isolation. Herein, we describe a case of isolated UAPA in a 14-yearold male patient who presented with hemoptysis secondary to abnormal hypertrophy of collateral vasculature. The patient was successfully treated by endovascular embolization with polyvinyl alcohol particles.

Psychosocial impacts and academic motivation of nursing undergraduates under the normalization of COVID-19: A cross sectional study

LAM, Angie Ho Yan,LI, Polly Wai Chi,CHAN, Claudia Kor Yee,Chan, Maggie Mee Kie,WANG, Kelvin Man Ping 한국간호과학회 2023 한국간호과학회 학술대회 Vol.2023 No.11

Origins of Gastrointestinal Cancer

Wong, Wai-Man,Wright, Nicholas A,Lam, Shiu-Kum Medical Publications Korea 2002 Medical Progress Vol.24 No.6

Development of a Non-Invasive Liver Fibrosis Score Based on Transient Elastography for Risk Stratification in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Chi-Ho Lee,Wai-Kay Seto,Kelly Ieong,David T.W. Lui,Carol H.Y. Fong,Helen Y. Wan,Wing-Sun Chow,Yu-Cho Woo,Man-Fung Yuen,Karen SL Lam 대한내분비학회 2021 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.36 No.1

Background: In non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), transient elastography (TE) is an accurate non-invasive method to identify patients at risk of advanced fibrosis (AF). We developed a diabetes-specific, non-invasive liver fibrosis score based on TE to facilitate AF risk stratification, especially for use in diabetes clinics where TE is not readily available. Methods: Seven hundred sixty-six adults with type 2 diabetes and NAFLD were recruited and randomly divided into a training set (n=534) for the development of diabetes fibrosis score (DFS), and a testing set (n=232) for internal validation. DFS identified patients with AF on TE, defined as liver stiffness (LS) ≥9.6 kPa, based on a clinical model comprising significant determinants of LS with the lowest Akaike information criteria. The performance of DFS was compared with conventional liver fibrosis scores (NFS, FIB-4, and APRI), using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC), sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values (NPV). Results: DFS comprised body mass index, platelet, aspartate aminotransferase, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and albuminuria, five routine measurements in standard diabetes care. Derived low and high DFS cut-offs were 0.1 and 0.3, with 90% sensitivity and 90% specificity, respectively. Both cut-offs provided better NPVs of >90% than conventional fibrosis scores. The AUROC of DFS for AF on TE was also higher (P<0.01) than the conventional fibrosis scores, being 0.85 and 0.81 in the training and testing sets, respectively. Conclusion: Compared to conventional fibrosis scores, DFS, with a high NPV, more accurately identified diabetes patients at-risk of AF, who need further evaluation by hepatologists.

以功能語法構建的應用文教材對提高非華語學生功 能字詞運用的成效

Mark Shiu Kee SHUM,Wai Ip LAM,Chung Pui TAI,Paisley Tsz Mei CHEUNG,Jo Jo Wan Shan YUNG,Jessica Man Yi YOUNG 단국대학교 한문교육연구소 2020 International Han-character Education Research Vol.2 No.1

홍콩의 비중국어권 학습자의 실용문 학습과 상황에 맞는 정확한 표현 능력의 제고를 위해 홍콩대학 Dr. Mark Shum Shiu Kee (岑紹基) 연구팀은 교육국의 연구비 지원을 받아 2016~ 2017년 비중국어권 학습자용 실용문 교재를 개발하였다. 본 논문은 기능 어법 이론을 바탕으로 비중국어권 학습자용 실용문 교재를 어떻게 설계했는지를 밝히고, 본 교재가 비중국어권 학습자의 기능어 운용 능력 향상에 끼친 영향에 대해 고찰하였다. 또한 연구팀이 개발한 실용문 교재가 비중국어권 학습자의 기능어 운용 능력 향상에 어떠한 성과를 가져왔는지를 밝히는 것을 본 논문의 주목적으로 삼았다. 연구팀은 체계 기능 언어학 이론을 바탕으로 비중국어권 학습자용 실용문 교재를 개발하였으며, 실용문의 종류에 따라 달라지는 의사전달 기능, 도식 구조, 어법 특징을 고려하여 읽기 예문의 주제를 선정하였다. 또한, 비중국어권 학습자가 기능어와 구문 활용에서 갖는 어려움을 실용문 종류에 따라 나누어 분석하였다. 아울러, 「文類功能(문체기능)」 이론 및 「閱讀促進學習(읽기촉진학습)」 교수법을 참고로 읽기 쓰기 통합형 쌍방향 연습법을 개발하여 학습자가 모범 예문을 분석, 해체 및 재구조화를 할 수 있게 하고, 더 나아가 학습자가 스스로 실용문 쓰기를 할 수 있도록 도왔다. 이외에도, 교육 일선에서 지도하고 있는 중국어 교사들을 초청하여 시범적으로 교수법을 시행하고 이를 통해 본 교재의 실제 효과를 검증해 보았다. 학습자가 작성한 실용문을 교수법 시행 전후로 비교 분석하고 교사와 학습자 인터뷰도 함께 진행하여, 본 실용문 교재가 비중국어권 학습자의 기능어 운용과 실용문 쓰기에 끼친 효과를 평가하였다. 아울러, 본 연구 결과를 바탕으로 비중국어권 학습자 실용문 교육을 위한 실행 가능한 몇 가지 방안을 제시하였다. In order to enhance Hong Kong non-Chinese speaking (NCS) students’ ability to learn practical writing and presenting ideas appropriately in Chinese, Dr. Mark Shum Shiu Kee’s research team received funding from the Hong Kong Education Bureau to develop Chinese practical writing teaching materials for NCS students in 2016/17. This paper describes how the researchers develop these teaching materials by adopting Functional Grammar Theory, and investigates the effectiveness of the teaching material package at equipping the NCS students’ with ability in using function words. This paper aims at exploring how effective the newly developed practical writing teaching material package at enhancing NCS students’ ability to use function words is. With reference to the Systemic Functional Linguistic (SFL) Theory, Chinese practical writing teaching material package suitable for NCS students was developed. The package reading materials were developed by looking into the communicative function, schematic structure and metalanguage of different genres. Besides, NCS students’ difficulty in using function words and expressions of different genres were also analyzed. By referring to “Genre Function” theory and “Reading to Learn” pedagogy, interactive exercises that combine reading and writing were designed. These suggested exercises guide students to learn in a process, from deconstruction of the sample texts to joint construction and individual construction. Apart from the above, frontline Chinese language teachers were invited to conduct tryout sessions to test the effectiveness of the teaching material package. The analysis of students’ writings in pre-tests and post-tests, together with the research data from teachers and students interviews, provide a comprehensive evaluation on the effectiveness of the practical writing teaching material package. Feasible suggestions for enhancing NCS students’ ability, particularly in using function words and constructing practical writing, are provided for teaching NCS students to construct practical writing.