제주 지역의 B형 간염 바이러스 유전자형

조지현,박도심,김태현,염주진,김학철,문주현,양재식 대한간학회 2004 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.10 No.1

목적: HBV 감염이 무증상의 자연 회복부터 간경변 혹은 간세포성 간암까지 다양하게 나타나는 요인들로 숙주의 요인과 바이러스의 요인으로 구분되어 제시되는데, 바이러스 요인으로는 감염된 바이러스이 유형이나 염기 변이들이 논의된다. HBV 유형을 구분하는 데는 혈청형과 유전자형이 이용되는데 근자에는 주로 유전자형이 이용된다. 이러한 HBV의 분포는 지역적으로 다르나 지역에 따라서 다른 유형들이 혼재되어 있다. 동남아시아는 B형이지만 극동아시아는 C형으로 알려져 있으며, 대만과 오키나와에서는 B와 C형이 혼재되어 나타난다. 이러한 결과로 미루어 보아 우리 나라의 남부지역에서는 B과 C형이 혼재되어 있을 가능성이 있다. 이에 본 연구는 제주 지역에서 HBV의 유전자형을 조사하고자 하였다. 대상과 방법: 원적지가 제주도이면사, HBsAg가 양성이었던 107명(평균 연령: 46.5세)을 대상으로 하였다. 이들의 혈청으로부터 HBsAg/antiHBe를 분석하고, DNA를 추출하여 7개의 유전자형에 따라 특이성을 갖는 시발체(genotype specific primer)들을 이용하여 PCR로 증폭한 후 이를 분석하였다. 주된 유전자형의 일부와 다른 유형에서 증폭에 이용되었던 시발체를 다르게 이용하여 hemi nested PCR로 증폭한 후 염기를 분석하여 계통발생학적 분석법을 이용하였다. 결과: 1. PCR에 의한 HBV DNA 양성은 107명 중 59명(55.1%)이 양성이었다. HBeAg/anti HBe의 발현 양태에 따라 음성/음성에서 2명(66.7%), 음성/양성에서 30명(41.1%), 양성/음성에서 24명(85.7%), 양성/양성에서는 3명(100%)에서 증폭되었다. 2. Multiplex PCR에서는 58명의 유전자형이 C형, 1명에서는 B형과 C형이 동반 출현하였다. 3. Genotype specific primer를 이용하여 각각 따로 PCR을 시행한 경우에 A형에 의하여 증폭된 예가 1예, B형에 의하여 증폭된 예가 1예, C형에 의하여 증폭된 예가 59예로 A형과 B형 모두가 C형에서 증폭된 예였다. 4. 한 쌍의 시발체에 의하여 증폭되었던 A형과 B형 및 C형의 일부에서 염기를 분석한 결과 모두 C 유전자형이었다. 결론: HBsAg이 양성인 제주 지역 주민의 HBV의 유전자형은 C형일 것으로 생각된다. Background/Aims: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) was classified into 8 genotypes by a sequence divergence in the entire genome designated from A o H. HBV genotypes have distinct geographic distributions. Recently, HBV genotypes have been partially found as influencing the clinical manifestation of chronic liver disease in hosts. In Korea, the distribution of HBV genotypes remains unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of the HBV genotype on Jeju Island. Methods: Hepatitis B virus genotypes were evaluated among 107 hepatitis B carriers residing on Jeju Island. We used single PCR and multiplex-PCR assay with genotype-specific primer pairs for HBV genotypes A-F for the genotyping. Results: 1. Fifty nine samples (55%) were positive for HBV DNA. The positivity was different according to the pattern of HBeAg/anti-HBe expression, as -/-; 2/3 (66.7%), -/+; 30/73 (30%), +/-; 24/28 (85.7%) and +/+; 3/3 (100%). 2. In the single primer set of genotype-specific PCR, 59 samples (100%) were detected as genotype C and 2 (3%) were also detected as genotype A and B. 3. In multiplex-PCR, 58 samples (98%) were detected as genotype C and only one (2%) as a mixed pattern of genotype B and C. 4. When the PCR products were amplified with universal sense and genotype specific anti-sense from one genotype A, one B, and 2 C, all were included in genotype C. Conclusions: These results suggest that on Juju Island, almost all HBV genotypes are C.(Korean J Hepatol 2004;10:42-50)

설포메틸화법에 의한 無公害 傳統韓紙의 제조에 관한 연구

趙南奭,閔斗植,崔泰鎬,李載源 충북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 1993 農業科學硏究 Vol.10 No.2

This study was performed to investigate the pollution-free papermaking characteristics from paper mulberry by sulfomethylation pulping. Bast fibers were pulped by sulfomethylated cooking liquor and by alkali and alkali-peroxied processes for the comparison. Sulfomethylated pulping resulted in the superior pulp with high yield and better quality compared to those of alkali and alkali- peroxide pulps. Since the pulp was so bright, there was almost no need additional bleaching. Polluttant loads of sulfomethylated pulping effluent were very low in terms of pH, turbidity and color compared to those of alkali. Pollution-free effluents was accomplished by simple filtering treatment with pine bark, charred rice hull and sawdust compost. Pine bark was the most effective in reduction rate of pollutants. Key words : Korean traditional paper, Paper mulberry, Alkali-Peroxide, Sulfomethylated pulping, Effluent.

골반 내 농양 1예

조인숙,이해혁,김태희,이권해,남계현,이임순,김정식,박성진 순천향의학연구소 2004 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.10 No.2

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is a disease that affects young, sexually active, reproductive age women. Most pathogens are Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria Gonorrheae transmitted sexually. One of serious acute complication of PID is tubo-ovarian abscess (TOA) that involves the fallopian tube, ovary and adjacent structures (eg, bowel, pelvic peritoneum). The microbiology of TOAs is polymicrobial with anaerobic organisms and causal organisms of PID. Common anaerobic organisms are Peptostretococcus spp, Bacteriodes spp, Prevotella spp, Escherichia coli and aerobic streptococci. Treatment is necessary to admission for intravenous broad-spectrum antibiotics and surgery is often reserved for patients with suspected rupture or patients who fail to respond to antibiotics. So, we reported this case found pelvic abscess due to ruptured tube-ovarian abscess.

경정맥 신우조영술중 파열된 자궁의 악성혼합뮬러리안 종양 1예

조희정,김태희,김정식,이해혁,남계현,김희경 순천향의학연구소 2004 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.10 No.2

The Malignant Mixed Mullerian Tumor(MMMT) of uterus, a biphasic malignant tumor composed of both epithelial and stromal component, is rare but very aggressive and generally lethal. Most of these tumors arise spontaneously in the sixth to eighth decade of life, but certain proportions are known to be occurred in women, who had received pelvic irradiation. But, the precise role of irradiation in the genesis of uterine neoplasia remains uncertain. We experienced a case of MMMT of uterus which ruptured during intravenous pyelogram and she had received pelvic irradiation 40years ago.

임신 중 발견된 대망 종괴 1례

조인숙,김태의,김정식,이해혁,이권해,김희경,남계현 순천향의학연구소 2004 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.10 No.2

A case of omental mass during Pregnancy Omental cyst is a rare lesion and occur primarily during childhood and young adulthood. When encountered, most of them are benign and intraabdominal masses. It shows a large mass but not palpable and often asymptomatic. The precise diagnosis is made by most commonly at surgery or during pathologic examination. So, we report this case with brief review of literatures.

원발성 난소 소세포암 2례

조인숙,남계현,김태희,김정식,이해혁,이권해,권계원 순천향의학연구소 2004 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.10 No.2

Two cases of primary small cell carcinoma of the ovary occurred. One was a case of 43-year-old woman associated with hypercalcemia and the other was a case of 40-year-old woman with pulmonary type. Ovarian small cell carcinoma of the hypercalcemic type have clinicopathological, immunohistochemical, ultrastructural, and flow cytometric features that from differ from those of small cell carcinomas of the pulmonary type. It is important for therapeutic reasons to distinguish these two types of ovarian tumors from each other and from a variety of malignant small cell tumors that ovary primarily or secondarily. So, we reported these cases with a brief review of the concerned literatures.

Ca-alginate로 고정한 녹조류 Chlorella pyrenoidosa에 의한 구리의 생물 흡착시 경쟁 간섭의 영향

전태성,조중식 忠州大學校 2009 한국교통대학교 논문집 Vol.44 No.-

Batch experiments were carried out to asses the coexistence effect of lead and cadmium ions on the biosorption of copper ions by Chlorella pyrenoidosa immobilized with Ca-alginate. The uptake of copper ions was examined for single and binary solutions at different initial concentrations. The experimental results showed that the biosorption equilibrium was reached within 1 hour and the adsorption capacity of copper increased with increasing initial copper ions concentration in solution. The biosorption capacity of copper was found to be adversely affected by the presence of lead or cadmium ions in the binary solution, although decrease of the biosorption capacity in the presence of cadmium was less than in the presence of lead. The equilibrium data on the single and binary metal biosorption were fitted to two isotherm models: Langmuir and Freundlich; the Langmuir isotherm gave the better fit for the equilibrium data.

교합면 열구 법랑질의 미세구조 및 산부식 형태

조태식,이상호,윤정훈,김수관 大韓小兒齒科學會 2005 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.32 No.2

치면열구전색제의 접착력에 영향을 줄 수 있는 교합면 열구 법랑질의 미세구조 및 산부식 형태, 그리고 산부식 형태에 영향을 줄 수 있는 prismless enamel의 존재 여부 및 법랑질의 화학적 조성을 규명하고자 소구치를 대상으로 협설면과 근원심으로 각각 절단하여 열구내의 법랑질 표면과 산부식 형태를 주사전자현미경으로 관찰하고 EDX를 사용하여 법랑질의 화학적 조성을 분석한 결과 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 열구내 법랑질은 대부분이 prismless enamel이 존재하였다. 2. 미성숙 영구치와 성숙된 영구치 간의 열구내 법랑질 표면 구조 및 산부식 형태는 차이가 없었다. 3. 열구 법랑질은 부위 에 관계없이 60초 산부식 이 15초, 30초, 45초에 비해 산부식 효과가 가장 켰으며 15초, 30초, 45초의 산부식 시간에서는 적절한 유지력을 얻을 수 있는 산부식 상이 관찰되지 않았다. 4. 열구 법랑질의 표면을 기계적으로 제거한 경우는 30초의 산부식 시간에서도 60초 산부식 시간에 못지않은 전형적 인 산부식 상이 관찰되었다. 5. 산부식 형태는 주로 rod 주위가 소실된 제 2형의 산부식 상이 관찰되었다. 6. 열구 내 법랑질의 부위별 화학적 조성의 차이는 없었으나 미성숙 영구치와 성숙된 영구치 사이의 칼슘/인 비는 유의한 차이를 보였다. 이상의 연구결과를 종합하면 교합면 열구내 법랑질은 대부분 산에 저항성이 큰 prismless enamel로 덮여 있어 기존에 제안된 15-30초의 산부식 시간으로는 적절한 유지력을 얻을 수 있는 산부식 상을 형성할 수 없다는 사실을 알 수 있다. 따라서 기존의 제안된 산부식 시간에 대한 재고가 필요하며 이와 함께 적절한 산부식 상을 얻기 위한 방안으로 산부식 전bur를 사용하여 열구내 법랑질 표면을 제거해 주는 보조적인 술식에 대한 검토가 필요하리 라 사료된다. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of mechanical and acid treatment on enamel surfaces for the retention of pit and fissure sealants and evaluate the presence of a prismless layer. The etch pattern produced on enamel from immature and mature premolar teeth extracted with varying period of acid etching using 37% phosphoric acid was examined using a scanning electron microscope(SEM). The composition of each groups was evaluated using an energy dispersive x-ray(EDX) spectroscopy. The result of present study can be summarized as follows: 1. Prismless layer was commonly observed on the fissure enamel in young and mature premolar. 2. There were no differences in micro-structure and etching pattern on fissure enamel between the young and the mature premolar. 3. The most effective etching pattern for retention of pit and fissure sealant was observed in 60 seconds of etching time and no apparent difference of etching pattern was found among 15, 30, and 45 seconds of etching time which showed non-retentive etching patterns. 4. The etching pattern obtained by grinding enamel surface with bur followed by 60 seconds of etching was similar to that of 60 seconds of etching without any pretreatment of fissure surface. 5. Type 2 etching pattern was commonly found on fissure enamel in both young and mature premolar. 6. The calcium content and P/Ca ratio in fissure enamel between the young and the mature premolar were significantly different(PK0.05). But content of calcium, phosphate and P/Ca ratio on various regions of fissure enamel in both young and mature premolar did not showed any difference. Based on these results, prismless layer may negatively influence the retention of pit and fissure sealants. 'Therefore, the mechanical removal of the prismless layer by grinding prior to etching or by prolonged etching time of enamel within the fissure system should result in an improved bonding of a pit and fissure sealant.

호텔의 합리적인 업적평가 방향에 관한 연구

조문식,남태석 동국대학교 관광산업연구소 1999 관광·호텔경영연구 Vol.1 No.1

The management of a hotel would be more in terdependent and detaily divided according to their specificity of Jobs than in any other industries. So unreasonable factor in management would easily be negative to the producing profits which is common to the hotel owner and employee. For that reason, this study investigated the way to reach the greatest degree of their profits through performance evaluation of a hotel for the owner and the employee. The effects of evidence study are followed: First, efficient performance evaluation of hotel have to be made according to the position of the individual in hotel organization. Second, he new Efficient performance evaluation of hotel have to be made according to the view of behavior of the individual. Third, Efficient performance evaluation of hotel have to be made according to the work quality. Fourth, Efficient performance evaluation of hotel have to be made according to the uncertainty of the individual. Fifith, Efficient performance evaluation of hotel have to be made according to the gap between achievement and purpose of the work.

간세포암에서 중앙 2구역 절제술의 유용성

김태윤,김성용,백무준,이문수,조무식,김창호 순천향의학연구소 2004 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.10 No.1

Liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is now popular. For treatment of centrally located hepatocellular carcinoma, central bisegmentectomy is recommended as a radical surgical procedure and may have an important advantage. Five patients with HCC underwent central bisegmentectomy with an operating time of 380-420 minutes. One patient who had undergone preoperative live artery embolization died by car accident. Four patients survived without relapse 13-35 months postoperatively. Central bisegmentectomy is a safe and effective operative procedure for the treatment of centrally located HCC.