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Normal-But-Low Serum Folate Levels and the Risks for Cognitive Impairment
Soomin Jang,Ji Won Han,Jiyoon Shin,Tae Hui Kim,Kyung Phil Kwak,Kayoung Kim,Bong Jo Kim,김신겸,Jeong Lan Kim,Taehyun Kim,Seok Woo Moon,Jae Young Park,Joon Hyuk Park,Seonjeong Byun,Seung Wan Suh,Ji-Yeong S 대한신경정신의학회 2019 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.16 No.7
Objective This study aimed to examine the association between normal-but-low folate levels and cognitive function in the elderly population using a prospective cohort study. Methods We analyzed 3,910 participants whose serum folate levels were within the normal reference range (1.5–16.9 ng/mL) at baseline evaluation in the population-based prospective cohort study named the “Korean Longitudinal Study on Cognitive Aging and Dementia.” The association between baseline folate quartile categories and baseline cognitive disorders [mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia] was examined using binary logistic regression analysis adjusting for confounding variables. The risks of incident MCI and dementia associated with the decline of serum folate level during a 4-year follow-up period were examined using multinomial logistic regression analysis. Results The lowest quartile group of serum folate (≥1.5, ≤5.9 ng/mL) showed a higher risk of cognitive disorders than did the highest quartile group at baseline evaluation (odds ratio 1.314, p=0.012). Over the 4 years of follow-up, the risk of incident dementia was 2.364 times higher among subjects whose serum folate levels declined from the 2nd–4th quartile group to the 1st quartile than among those for whom it did not (p=0.031). Conclusion Normal-but-low serum folate levels were associated with the risk of cognitive disorders in the elderly population, and a decline to normal-but-low serum folate levels was associated with incident dementia. Maintaining serum folate concentration above 5.9 ng/mL may be beneficial for cognitive status.
A Case of Autoimmune Hepatitis after Occupational Exposure to N,N-Dimethylformamide
Jang Boo-ok,Choi Gwang Hyeon,Jang Hee Yoon,Ahn Soomin,Choi Jae Kyun,Kim Siho,Lee Kyunghan,Jang Eun Sun,Kim Jin-Wook,정숙향 대한의학회 2020 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.35 No.28
N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), a widely used solvent in the chemical industry, is known to induce toxic hepatitis. However, there have been no reported cases of DMF-associated autoimmune hepatitis. A 31-year-old healthy man working at a glove factory since July 2015 had intermittently put his bare hands into a diluted DMF solution for his first 15 days at work. After 2 months, he felt nausea, fatigue, and hand cramping, and a jaundice followed. His laboratory findings showed positive autoantibodies and elevated immunoglobulin G (IgG), and his liver biopsy pathology was typical of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). Prednisolone and azathioprine therapy began, and he recovered rapidly without adverse events. Though his liver chemistry was normalized, the IgG level remained persistently upper normal range. His 2nd liver biopsy performed in April 2019 showed mild portal activity, and he was well under a low dose immunosuppressive therapy up to April 2020. This case warns of the hazard of occupational exposure to DMF, and clinicians should be aware of DMF-related AIH for timely initiation of immunosuppressive therapy.
Genomic Alterations in Biliary Tract Cancer Using Targeted Sequencing <sup>1</sup>
Yoo, Kwai Han,Kim, Nayoung K.D.,Kwon, Woo Il,Lee, Chung,Kim, Sun Young,Jang, Jiryeon,Ahn, Jungmi,Kang, Mihyun,Jang, Hyojin,Kim, Seung Tae,Ahn, Soomin,Jang, Kee-Taek,Park, Young Suk,Park, Woong-Yang,Le Neoplasia Press 2016 Translational oncology Vol.9 No.3
<P><I>Background:</I> Biliary tract cancers (BTCs) are rare and heterogeneous group of tumors classified anatomically into intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile ducts and gallbladder adenocarcinomas. Patient-derived tumor cell (PDC) models with genome analysis can be a valuable platform to develop a method to overcome the clinical barrier on BTCs. <I>Material and Methods:</I> Between January 2012 and June 2015, 40 BTC patients’ samples were collected. PDCs were isolated and cultured from surgical specimens, biopsy tissues, or malignant effusions including ascites and pleural fluid. Genome analysis using targeted panel sequencing as well as digital multiplexed gene analysis was applied to PDCs as well as primary tumors. <I>Results:</I> Extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (<I>N</I> = 15, 37.5%), intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (<I>N</I> = 10, 25.0%), gallbladder cancer (<I>N</I> = 14, 35.0%), and ampulla of Vater cancer (<I>N</I> = 1, 2.5%) were included. We identified 15 mutations with diverse genetic alterations in 19 cases of BTC from primary tumor specimens. The most common molecular alterations were in TP53 (8/19, 42.1%), including missense mutations such as C242Y, E285K, G112S, P19T, R148T, R248Q, and R273L. We also detected two NRAS mutations (G12C and Q61L), two KRAS mutations (G12A and G12S), two ERBB2 mutations (V777L and pM774delinsMA) and amplification, and three PIK3CA mutations (N345K, E545K, and E521K). PDC models were successfully established in 27 of 40 samples (67.5%), including 22/24 from body fluids (91.7%) and 5/16 from tissue specimens (31.3%). <I>Conclusions:</I> PDC models are promising tools for uncovering driver mutations and identifying rational therapeutic strategies in BTC. Application of this model is expected to inform clinical trials of drugs for molecular-based targeted therapy.</P>
Jang Esther,Jin Soomin,Cho Kyong Jin,Kim Daeseon,Rho Chang Rae,Lyu Jungmook 생화학분자생물학회 2022 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.54 No.-
Limbal stem cell deficiency causes conjunctivalization characterized by the covering of the corneal surface with conjunctival epithelium. However, the driving force for the encroachment of these conjunctival cells is unclear. Conjunctival stem cells are bipotent stem cells that can proliferate and differentiate into conjunctival epithelial cells and goblet cells to maintain regeneration of the conjunctival epithelium. Here, we show a robust proliferative response of conjunctival stem cells and upregulation of Wnt2b and Wnt3a gene expression in the conjunctivae of mice with induced limbal stem cell deficiency. Topical application of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling activator CHIR resulted in increased proliferation of ΔNp63α-positive stem cells in the basal layers of the bulbar and forniceal conjunctivae and enhanced invasion of conjunctival epithelial and goblet cells into the corneal surface. We also found that in cultures of stem cells isolated from the human conjunctiva, Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation improved the expansion of the ΔNp63α/ABCG2 double-positive cell population by promoting the proliferation and preventing the differentiation of these cells. These expanded stem cells formed a stratified epithelium containing goblet cells under airlift culture conditions. Our data reveal that Wnt/β-catenin signaling contributes to the pathological process of limbal stem cell deficiency by promoting the self-renewal of conjunctival stem cells and suggest that these cells are a driving force in corneal conjunctivalization.
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최수민(Soomin Choi),장강원(Gang-Won Jang),김윤영(Yoon Young Kim) 한국자동차공학회 2011 한국자동차공학회 학술대회 및 전시회 Vol.2011 No.11
Analysis based on classical beam theories for thin-walled box beams is inaccurate especially when they have angled joints. The main reason of poor results is incapability of classical theories in representing flexibilities of the beams due to warping and distortion. Therefore, accurate analysis requires the consideration of warping and distortion, thus they should be considered as additional field variables in a higher-order beam theory. In a higher-order theory, however, a new joint matching condition consistent with the increased degrees of freedom is needed. This work presents an explicit form of that joint matching condition; the matching condition is derived analytically without any assumption. This research can be also used to explain the complex phenomena taking place at an angled joint. In this research, the beam under out-of-plane bending and torsion will be mainly considered.