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InAs/GaSb 응력초격자를 이용한 적외선검출소자의 제작 및 특성 연구
김준오,신현욱,최정우,이상준,김창수,노삼규,Kim, J.O.,Shin, H.W.,Choe, J.W.,Lee, S.J.,Kim, C.S.,Noh, S.K. 한국진공학회 2009 Applied Science and Convergence Technology Vol.18 No.2
150 주기의 InAs/GaSb (8/8-ML) 제2형 응력초격자 (SLS)를 활성층에 탑재한 초격자 적외선검출소자 (SLIP) 구조를 MBE 방법으로 성장하고, 직경 $200{\mu}m$의 개구면을 가지는 SLIP 개별소자를 시험 제작하였다 고분해능 투과전자현미경 (TEM) 이미지의 휘도분포와 X선회절 (XRD) 곡선의 위성피크의 분석 결과는 SLS 활성층은 균일한 층두께와 주기적 응력변형을 유지하는 급격한 계면의 초격자임을 입증하였다. 흑체복사 적외선 광원을 이용하여 측정한 입사파장 및 인가전압에 따른 반응도 (R)와 검출률 ($D^*$)로부터, 차단파장은 ${\sim}5{\mu}m$이고 최대 R과 $D^*$ ($\lambda=3.25{\mu}m$)는 각각 ${\sim}10^3mA/W$ (-0.6 V/13 K)와 ${\sim}10^9cm.Hz^{1/2}/W$ (0 V/13 K)임을 보였다. 반응도의 온도의존성으로부터 분석한 활성화에너지 275 meV는 광반응 과정에 개입되어 있는 가전대 및 전도대 부준위 사이의 에너지 간격 (HH1-C)과 잘 일치하였다. The superlattice infrared photodetector (SLIP) with an active layer of 8/8-ML InAs/GaSb type-II strained-layer superlattice (SLS) of 150 periods was grown by MBE technique, and the proto-type discrete device was defined with an aperture of $200-{\mu}m$ diameter. The contrast profile of the transmission electron microscope (TEM) image and the satellite peak in the x-ray diffraction (XRD) rocking curve show that the SLS active layer keeps abrupt interfaces with a uniform thickness and a periodic strain. The wavelength and the bias-voltage dependences of responsivity (R) and detectivity ($D^*$) measured by a blackbody radiation source give that the cutoff wavelength is ${\sim}5{\mu}m$, and the maximum Rand $D^*$ ($\lambda=3.25{\mu}m$) are ${\sim}10^3mA/W$ (-0.6 V/13 K) and ${\sim}10^9cm.Hz^{1/2}/W$ (0 V/13 K), respectively. The activation energy of 275 meV analyzed from the temperature dependent responsivity is in good agreement with the energy difference between two SLS subblevels of conduction and valence bands (HH1-C) involving in the photoresponse process.
HWE 방법에 의한 CdSe 박막 성장과 광전기적 특성
신영진,홍광준,이상열,유상하,서상석,문종대,김택성,정태수,신용진,이관교,김혜숙,정준우,정경아 한국센서학회 1997 센서학회지 Vol.6 No.4
The CdSe thin films were grown on the Si(100) wafers by a hot wall epitaxy method (HWE). The source and substrate temperature are 600� and 430 respectively. The crystalline structure of epilayers was investigated by double crystal X-ray diffraction(DCXD). Hall effect on the sample was measured by the van der Pauw method and studied on the carrier density and mobility dependence on temperature. From Hall data, the mobility was increased in the temperature range 30K to 150K by impurity scattering and decreased in the temperature range 150K to 293K by the lattice scattering. In order to explore the applicability as a photoconductive cell, we measured the sensitivity(γ), the ratio of photocurrent to darkcurrent(pc/dc), maximum allowable power dissipation(MAPD), spectral response and response time. The results indicated that the photoconductive characteristic were the best for the samples annealed in Cu vapor compare with in Cd, Se, air and vacuum vapour. Then we obtained the sensitivity of 0.99, the value of pc/dc of 1.39 X 10^7, the MAPD of 335mW, and the rise and decay time of l0ms and 9.5ms, respectively
Shin, M.S.,Han, S.K.,Ryu, J.S.,Kim, K.S.,Lee, W.K. Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2008 Journal of Applied Microbiology Vol.105 No.2
<P>Abstract</P><P>Aims: </P><P>Screening and partial characterization of a bacteriocin produced by <I>Pediococcus pentosaceus</I> K23-2 isolated from Kimchi, a traditional Korean fermented vegetable.</P><P>Methods and Results: </P><P>A total of 1000 lactic acid bacteria were isolated from various Kimchi samples and screened for the production of bacteriocin. Pediocin K23-2, a bacteriocin produced by the <I>Pediococcus pentosaceus</I> K23-2 strain, showed strong inhibitory activity against <I>Listeria monocytogenes</I>. The bacteriocin activity remained unchanged after 15 min of heat treatment at 121°C or exposure to organic solvents; however, it diminished after treatment with proteolytic enzymes. The bacteriocin was maximally produced at 37°C, when the pH of the culture broth was maintained at 5·0 during the fermentation, although the optimum pH for growth was 7·0. The molecular weight of the bacteriocin was about 5 kDa according to a tricine SDS-PAGE analysis.</P><P>Conclusions: </P><P><I>Pediococcus pentosaceus</I> K23-2 isolated from Kimchi produces a bacteriocin, which shares similar characteristics to the Class IIa bacteriocins. The bacteriocin is heat stable and shows wide antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria, especially <I>L. monocytogenes</I>.</P><P>Significance and Impact of the Study: </P><P>Pediocin K23-2 and pediocin K23-2-producing <I>P. pentosaceus</I> K23-2 could potentially be used in the food and feed industries as natural biopreservatives, and for probiotic application to humans or livestock.</P>
신상구(S.G. Shin),임정규(J.K. Lim),박찬웅(C.W. Park),김명석(M.S. Kim) 대한약리학회 1976 대한약리학잡지 Vol.12 No.1
Aconiti tuber butanol fraction shows positive inotropic effect on the isolated atrium of rabbit heart. To investigate the mechanism, the effect on microsomal ATPase activity of rabbit heart is observed. The microsomal fraction which contains the Na<sup>+</sup>- and K<sup>+</sup>-activated ATPase in the presence of Mg<sup>++</sup> is isolated from the left ventricle of rabbit heart. The microsomal ATPase activity is maximally stimulated at Na<sup>+</sup> and K<sup>+</sup> concentration of 100 mM and 10 mM respectively. Microsomal Na<sup>+</sup>-K<sup>+</sup>-activated ATPase is inhibited by ouabain and Aconiti tuber butanol fraction. Ouabain and Aconiti tuber butanol fraction depress Na<sup>+</sup>-stimulation on microsomal ATPase activity, and the inhibitory effects are not completely reversed at Na<sup>+</sup> concentration of 300 mM. Also, K<sup>+</sup>-stimulation on microsomal ATPase activity is inhibited by ouabin and Aconiti tuber butanol fraction and the inhibitions are not compeletely reversed at K<sup>+</sup> concentration of 30 mM. It is, therefore, suggested that the inhibitory effect of Aconiti tuber butanol fraction on the microsomal ATPase activity may contribute to leading to the positive inotropic effect.
Synthesis and Thermoelectric Properties of Ce1−z Pr z Fe4−x Co x Sb12 Skutterudites
Song, K. M.,Shin, D. K.,Jang, K. W.,Choi, S. M.,Lee, S.,Seo, W. S.,Kim, I. H. Springer Science + Business Media 2017 Journal of electronic materials Vol.46 No.5
<P>p-Type Ce1-z Pr (z) Fe4-x Co (x) Sb-12 skutterudites were prepared by encapsulated melting, quenching, annealing, and hot pressing. While the skutterudite phase was successfully synthesized, a small amount of the secondary phase (FeSb2) was observed. According to the scanning electron microscope analysis, (Ce,Pr)Sb-2 phases were also observed for Co-substituted specimens (x = 0.5). The electrical conductivity decreased with increasing temperature, implying a degenerate semiconductor behavior, and also decreased with increasing Co contents. All specimens showed p-type characteristics having positive signs of the Hall coefficient and the Seebeck coefficient. The Seebeck coefficient increased with increasing temperature and reached a maximum value at 823 K. The power factor (PF) increased with decreasing Co content and Ce0.75Pr0.25 Fe4Sb12 showed a peak value of PF = 3.2 mW m(-1) K-2 at 823 K. The electronic thermal conductivity decreased with increasing Co contents and the lattice thermal conductivity decreased with decreasing Ce and Co contents at high temperature. The thermal conductivity increased at temperatures above 623 K due to bipolar conduction. The dimensionless figurea of pound merit (ZT) showed a maximum value of ZT = 0.84 at 823 K for Ce0.25Pr0.75Fe4Sb12.</P>
Cooperative Activation of PI3K by Ras and Rho Family Small GTPases
Yang, H.,Shin, M.G.,Lee, S.,Kim, J.R.,Park, W.,Cho, K.H.,Meyer, T.,Do Heo, W. Cell Press 2012 Molecular cell Vol.47 No.2
Phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) and Ras and Rho family small GTPases are key regulators of cell polarization, motility, and chemotaxis. They influence each other's activities by direct and indirect feedback processes that are only partially understood. Here, we show that 21 small GTPase homologs activate PI3K. Using a microscopy-based binding assay, we show that K-Ras, H-Ras, and five homologous Ras family small GTPases function upstream of PI3K by directly binding the PI3K catalytic subunit, p110. In contrast, several Rho family small GTPases activated PI3K by an indirect cooperative positive feedback that required a combination of Rac, CDC42, and RhoG small GTPase activities. Thus, a distributed network of Ras and Rho family small GTPases induces and reinforces PI3K activity, explaining past challenges to elucidate the specific relevance of different small GTPases in regulating PI3K and controlling cell polarization and chemotaxis.