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Yuan Zhu,Shanshan Tong,Li Wang,Min Peng,Xia Cao,Ximing Xu,Jiangnan Yu 대한약학회 2010 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.33 No.6
Mixed micelles made of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), sodium cholate, and phospholipids were prepared to improve the solubility of poorly water-soluble drugs. Sylibin, a drug used in treating liver diseases, was incorporated into the mixed micelles. The formulation of sylibin containing PVP-sodium cholate-phospholipid mixed micelles with an optimized composition (PVP/sodium cholate/phospholipid/silybin = 3:3:4:1~2 by weight) was obtained based on the study of pseudoternary phase diagrams. The critical micelle concentration was used to evaluate the micellar stability towards dilution. The results showed that addition of PVP to sodium-cholate-phospholipid mixed micelles increased stability. The solubility of sylibin in PVP-sodium cholate-phospholipid mixed micelles was higher than that in pure water or in sodium cholate-phospholipid mixed micelles. In a stability study, we found that PVP-sodium cholate-phospholipid mixed micelles showed good stability. After 3 months storage at 40oC, just 2.6% sylibin was lost with only minor changes of the particle size when compared to a reference formulation containing sodium cholate and phospholipid mixed micelles. In addition, the developed formulation significantly improved in vitro drug release. The time required to release 50% sylibin (t50%) from sodium cholate and phospholipid mixed micelles was 326 h, while the t50% from PVP-sodium cholate-phospholipid mixed micelles was only 51.1 h. Our results suggest that these mixed micelles might have significant potential application to the biomedical field.
Weijiu Huang,Shanshan Yuan,Linjiang Chai,Luyao Jiang,Haiding Liu,Fangjun Wang,Dongzhe Wang,Junjun Wang 대한금속·재료학회 2019 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.25 No.2
A medium-strained (13% cold-drawing) 316L austenitic stainless steel rod was subjected to annealing between 750 and1100 °C. Electron backscatter diffraction and electron channeling contrast imaging techniques were jointly employed toinvestigate the development of microstructures and grain boundary character distribution during the annealing treatments. Results show that annealing at temperatures below 900 °C does not evidently change microstructures of the as-drawn specimen. Full recrystallization is observed after the temperature reaches 1000 °C and the deformation microstructures are replacedby fine and uniform recrystallized grains. A large number of annealing twins (with Σ3 misorientation) are produced by therecrystallization, leading to markedly increased fractions of special boundaries (fSB). The maximum fSB is found to be 67.3%in the present study. In addition, for the recrystallized grains, rapid growth is noticed at relatively high temperatures due toeasy migration of grain boundaries.
Xiurong Chen,Yuan Wang,Qiuyue Li,Yingying Yang,Xiao Wei,Shanshan Wang,Quanlin Lu,Xiaoli Sun 대한환경공학회 2021 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.26 No.5
To address problems associated with the potential toxicity of sludge when it is applied in land utilization, this study investigated the variations by which activated sludge becomes toxic when fed with wastewater containing mixed chlorophenols, and compared variations in sludge toxicity due to inputs of mixed chlorophenols and single chlorophenol groups. In this study, 4-chlorophenol (4-CP), 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (2,4,6-TCP) and mixed chlorophenols which consist of both 4-CP and 2,4,6-TCP were studied in sequencing batch reactors (SBR). The results indicate that in 0-30 d, the toxicity of sludge fed with mixed chlorophenols is higher than that of sludge fed with single chlorophenol groups. During 50-100 d, the toxicity of sludge fed with mixed chlorophenols ranged between two single chlorophenol groups. EPS and protein in EPS had a significant relationship with sludge toxicity, but there was no significant relationship between polysaccharide in EPS and sludge toxicity.
Birch-Type Hydrogenation of Few-Layer Graphenes: Products and Mechanistic Implications
Zhang, Xu,Huang, Yuan,Chen, Shanshan,Kim, Na Yeon,Kim, Wontaek,Schilter, David,Biswal, Mandakini,Li, Baowen,Lee, Zonghoon,Ryu, Sunmin,Bielawski, Christopher W.,Bacsa, Wolfgang S.,Ruoff, Rodney S. American Chemical Society 2016 JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY - Vol.138 No.45
<P>Few-layer graphenes, supported on Si with a superficial oxide layer, were subjected to a Birch-type reduction using Li and H2O as the electron and proton donors, respectively. The extent of hydrogenation for bilayer graphene was estimated at 1.6-24.1% according to Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic data. While single-layer graphene reacts uniformly, few-layer graphenes were hydrogenated inward from the edges and/or defects. The role of these reactive sites was reflected in the inertness of pristine few-layer graphenes whose edges were sealed. Hydrogenation of labeled bilayer (C-12/C-13) and trilayer (C-12/C-13/C-12) graphenes afforded products whose sheets were hydrogenated to the same extent, implicating passage of reagents between the graphene layers and equal decoration of each graphene face. The reduction of few-layer graphenes introduces strain, allows tuning of optical transmission and fluorescence, and opens synthetic routes to long sought-after films containing sp(3)-hybridized carbon.</P>
Jie Deng,Yi Zhou,Shanshan Li,Lei Xiong,Jianli Wang,Shandong Yuan,Yaoqiang Chen 한국공업화학회 2018 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.64 No.-
Three CeO2–ZrO2–Y2O3–La2O3 (CZ) nanomaterials with controllable crystallite size were prepared by a simple co-precipitation method combined with hydrothermal treatment at different temperatures. The material CZ-180 possesses a high surface area of 43.6 m2 g−1 and a low reduction temperature of 344 °C simultaneously even after aging at 1000 °C for 4 h. Moreover, with improving hydrothermal temperature, the incorporation of rear earth metals was accelerated and surface properties were modified. And higher Pd dispersion and larger proportion of active Pd2+ species were achieved on the modified surface of CZ-180. Consequently, the supported catalyst Pd/CZ-180 shows a superior three-way catalytic performance.
Central role of autophagic UVRAG in melanogenesis and the suntan response
Yang, Yongfei,Jang, Gyu-beom,Yang, Xuanjun,Wang, Qiaoxiu,He, Shanshan,Li, Shun,Quach, Christine,Zhao, Shihui,Li, Fan,Yuan, Zengqiang,Lee, Hye-Ra,Zhong, Hanbing,Liang, Chengyu National Academy of Sciences 2018 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF Vol.115 No.33
<P>UV-induced cell pigmentation represents an important mechanism against skin cancers. Sun-exposed skin secretes alpha-MSH, which induces the lineage-specific transcriptional factor MITF and activates melanogenesis in melanocytes. Here, we show that the autophagic tumor suppressor UVRAG plays an integral role in melanogenesis by interaction with the biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles complex 1 (BLOC-1). This interaction is required for BLOC-1 stability and for BLOC-1-mediated cargo sorting and delivery to melanosomes. Absence of UVRAG dispersed BLOC-1 distribution and activity, resulting in impaired melanogenesis in vitro and defective melanocyte development in zebrafish in vivo. Furthermore, our results establish UVRAG as an important effector for melanocytes' response to alpha-MSH signaling as a direct target of MITF and reveal the molecular basis underlying the association between oncogenic BRAF and compromised UV protection in melanoma.</P>
Yin Xiaoyue,Yan-Xia Liu,Qian Chaoju,Zhou Shanshan,Fang Tingzhou,Fan Xingke,Gao yuan,Chang Yuxiao,Yang Jian,Ma Xiao-Fei 한국식물생명공학회 2021 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.15 No.3
Agriophyllum squarrosum is a folk Mongolian medicine with pleiotropic pharmacological and ecological economic importance endemic to Asian temperature deserts. Terpenoids play critical roles in biotic and abiotic stresses due to their antioxidative activities. Based on non-targeted metabolomic analysis, we detected eight terpenoids enriched in the above-ground tissues of A. squarrosum, however, the molecular mechanism underlying terpenoids biosynthesis in this desert medicinal plant is rarely understood. Here, a comparative transcriptome analysis of diferent tissues in A. squarrosum was conducted to identify 84 unigenes encoding key enzymes in the upstream backbone biosynthesis and 53 unigenes encoding the downstream enzymes for terpenoid diversifcation. Most of the upstream genes exhibited signifcant high expression levels in leaf, and some of which were validated by qRT-PCR. Phylogenetic analysis showed that two downstream gene families OSCs (oxidosqualene cyclases) and TPSs (mainly in terpene synthases -g subfamily) had undergone notable gene expansions in A. squarrosum comparing with the other Amaranthaceae plant species and Arabidopsis. Nevertheless, most members from these two gene families showed the tissue-specifc expression in A. squarrosum, which supported the diversifcation and tissue-specifc enrichment of terpenoids across above-ground tissues. Considering to the habitat characteristics of A. squarrosum, we proposed that the enrichment of terpenoids and the functional diversifcation of terpenoids biosynthesis enzymes were more or less involved into its adaptation to stressful environments of deserts. These results expand the available genetic information underlying terpenoid biosynthesis in A. squarrosum, and contribute to deeper researches on pharmaceutical and eco-agricultural applications in this desert medicinal plant.