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Seul-Bi Lee,Yang-Min Kim,Ye-Jin Lee,Yo-Sung Song,Cheol-Hyun Ryu,Deog-Bae Lee,Chan-Wook Lee,Chang-Hoon Lee,Jwakyung Sung 한국토양비료학회 2019 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.52 No.4
Given continuous needs for a public duty of agriculture and rural area, an effort to improve nutrient management in agricultural sector is strongly required. As a measure to solve these problems, Korean government (MAFRA) introduced the promotion policy called as “Agro-Environment Conservation Program (AECP)” in 2018 and has expanded 5 projet sites in 2019 from 3 in 2018. The program has a variety of agricultural activity to conserve soil, water, air, ecology and landscape. Of those, the nutrient input activity which is one of sub-activities is closely involved in not only crop productivity but also water quality and air pollution. Therefore, in order to lead a soft landing of AECP, it is essential to evaluate the conservation effects in a scientific point of view. In this respect, we focused on evaluating the effect of recommended nutrient input activities, standard fertilization and soil test fertilization, on rice productivity and nitrogen balance. The effect of nutrient management which is explained by rice yield and nitrogen balance was estimated with the combination of soil characteristics and rice varieties. Rice yield by recommended fertilization was 654 kg per 10a, 6% lower than control, but there was no statistical significance. By contrast, nitrogen balance was 4.7 kg lower, which means great improvement, in the recommended than the control. Conclusively, the recommended fertilization like soil test fertilization is expected to be useful as a measure to reduce nutrient balance, to ensure crop productivity, and finally to perform a public role of agriculture.
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Investigation of Touch Screen based User Interface in a Driving Context
Seul Chan Lee(이슬찬) 대한인간공학회 2021 대한인간공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2021 No.11
Objective: This study aims to investigate the effects of in-vehicle information systems (IVIS)’ tasks based on visual-manual interaction and provide design guidelines for touchscreen-based IVIS. Background: The understanding of driver behavior when interacting with touchscreen-based IVIS is very low although the functions of IVIS become complex. Method: A driving simulation study was conducted to achieve the research objective. In the experiment, the participants were asked to perform item searching tasks, hierarchical menu tasks, and touch gesture tasks to observe driving safety-related behaviors, including driving performance, visual distraction, secondary task performance, and subjective workload. Statistical analyses and modeling techniques were applied to analyze the data. Results: The results showed that driving safety-related behaviors were influenced depending on design variables of the touchscreen of IVIS. Conclusion: This research provides insights for both researchers and practitioners on the design of IVIS in terms of driving safety.
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Complexity of Automotive HMI Systems: A Literature Reviw
( Seul Chan Lee ),( Hwan Hwangbo ),( Ji Man Kim ),( Meen Jong Kim ),( Yong Gu Ji ) 한국감성과학회 2014 춘계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.-
With the continuous advancement of vehicle information technology, todays automotive human-machine interface (HMI) systems show more complicated and dynamic aspect than traditional driving systems. Along with the phenomenon, the types and amount of in-vehicle information rapidly increases, engendering concerns about driver`s safety issues. Various existing studies have conducted experiments about in-vehicle task performance and information behavior in the field of human factors. However, an integrative approach to automotive HMI that entails various information design factor such as amount, layout, type and its relationship with human characteristics, is still in need. In this study, we proposed the concept of ``Complexity``to provide generalizable implications in order to various applications of HMI as well as its complex relationships with human operator. By far the concept of complexity in human factor research has been limitedly discussed within specialized domains and contexts, where highly skilled experts are required, such as aircraft cockpit or nuclear power plant control room. Throughout this study, we performed extensive cross-disciplinary literature review about complexity in an attempt to define and classify the concept of complexity in the perspective of human factor and human computer interaction (HCI). The definitions of complexity have varied in accordance with academic fields, and its applications are different depending on the scale and scope of target systems.
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Lee, Seul Ki-Chan,Park, Sang-Min,Im, Chae-Uk The Korean Society of Pharmacology 2011 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.15 No.6
B13 analogues are being considered as therapeutic agents for cancer cells, since B13 is a ceramide analogue and inhibits ceramidase to promote apoptosis in cancer cells. B13 sulfonamides are assumed to have biological activity similar to B13, since they are made by bioisosterically substituting the carboxyl moiety of B13 with sulfone group. Twenty B13 sulfonamides were evaluated for their in vitro cytotoxicities against human colon cancer HT-29 and lung cancer A549 cell lines using MTT assays. Replacement of the amide group with a sulfonamide group increased cytotoxicity in both cancer cell lines. The sulfonamides with long alkyl chains exhibited activities two to three times more potent than that of B13 and compound (15) had the most potent activity with $IC_{50}$ values of 27 and $28.7{\mu}M$ for HT-29 and A549, respectively. The comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) and comparative molecular similarity indices analysis (CoMSIA) were used to carry out QSAR molecular modeling of these compounds. The predictive CoMSIA models for HT-29 and A549 gave cross-validated q2 values of 0.703 and 0.830, respectively. From graphical analysis of these models, we suppose that the stereochemistry of 1,3-propandiol is not important for activity and that introduction of a sulfonamide group and long alkyl chains into B13 can increase cytotoxicity.
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Seul Chan Lee,Sol Hee Yoon,Yong Gu Ji 대한인간공학회 2020 大韓人間工學會誌 Vol.39 No.6
Objective: This study investigated the effects of design variables in in-vehicle touch user interfaces in terms of driving performance, glance behavior, and subjective workload. Background: Touch user interfaces are commonly used as in-vehicle information systems (IVISs). However, touchscreen design variables that may affect driver behavior have not been thoroughly investigated. Method: We conducted a driving simulation experiment involving an item searching task and a menu task. Each task included two design variables (item searching task: item numbers per screen and presentation format; hierarchical menu task: menu type and menu orientation consistency). Results: The results showed that the number of items per screen and menu orientation consistency have significant effects on driver behavior, whereas the presentation format and menu type exhibit no significant effects. By analyzing the differences in the drivers" age, we found that the effects of independent variables vary by age. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, the following conclusions and recommendations are proposed for the design of an in-vehicle touch interface: 1) When designing menus or lists for applying a touch task while driving, it is recommended that the number of items per screen be eight or less to reduce its impact on the driver behavior, 2) When designing a menu, the orientation of each menu level should be unified so that there is no negative influence of disorientation, and 3) When the menu structure has a simple structure, differences in the menu structure (whether expandable or sequential) have a weak effect on the driving behaviors. However, if the complexity of the information structure required by the task increases, it is necessary to be cautious about making an approach based on this conclusion. Application: The findings in this study can provide insight into the design of a touchscreen-based IVIS when considering driving safety.
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Seul Chan Park,Seong-Kyoon Choi,Se-Hyeon Han,Song Park,Hye Jin Jeon,Seung Chan Lee,Kyeong Yeon Kim,Young Seo Lee,김지형,Jee Eun Han 대한수의학회 2020 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.21 No.2
In this study, whiteleg shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) imported from Vietnam were collected from South Korean markets, and examined for 2 viruses: infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHHNV, recently classified as decapod penstyldensovirus-1), and white spot syndrome virus (WSSV). Among 58 samples, we detected IHHNV in 23 samples and WSSV in 2 samples, using polymerase chain reaction and sequencing analyses. This is the first report of IHHNV and WSSV detection in imported shrimp, suggesting that greater awareness and stricter quarantine policies regarding viruses infecting shrimp imported to South Korea are required.
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Seul Ki Chan Lee,Sang Min Park,Chaeuk Im 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 2011 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.15 No.6
B13 analogues are being considered as therapeutic agents for cancer cells, since B13 is a ceramide analogue and inhibits ceramidase to promote apoptosis in cancer cells. B13 sulfonamides are assumed to have biological activity similar to B13, since they are made by bioisosterically substituting the carboxyl moiety of B13 with sulfone group. Twenty B13 sulfonamides were evaluated for their in vitro cytotoxicities against human colon cancer HT-29 and lung cancer A549 cell lines using MTT assays. Replacement of the amide group with a sulfonamide group increased cytotoxicity in both cancer cell lines. The sulfonamides with long alkyl chains exhibited activities two to three times more potent than that of B13 and compound (15) had the most potent activity with IC<sub>50</sub> values of 27 and 28.7ՌM for HT-29 and A549, respectively. The comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) and comparative molecular similarity indices analysis (CoMSIA) were used to carry out QSAR molecular modeling of these compounds. The predictive CoMSIA models for HT-29 and A549 gave cross-validated q2 values of 0.703 and 0.830, respectively. From graphical analysis of these models, we suppose that the stereochemistry of 1,3-propandiol is not important for activity and that introduction of a sulfonamide group and long alkyl chains into B13 can increase cytotoxicity.
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Complexity of automotive HMI systems
Seul Chan Lee,Hwan Hwangbo,Ji Man Kim,Meen Jong Kim,Yong Gu Ji 대한인간공학회 2014 대한인간공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2014 No.5
With the continuous advancement of vehicle information technology, todays automotive human-machine interface (HMI) systems show more complicated and dynamic aspect than traditional driving systems. Along with the phenomenon, the types and amount of in-vehicle information rapidly increases, engendering concerns about driver’s safety issues. Various existing studies have conducted experiments about in-vehicle task performance and information behavior in the field of human factors. However, an integrative approach to automotive HMI that entails various information design factor such as amount, layout, type and its relationship with human characteristics, is still in need. In this study, we proposed the concept of ‘Complexity’ to provide generalizable implications in order to various applications of HMI as well as its complex relationships with human operator. By far the concept of complexity in human factor research has been limitedly discussed within specialized domains and contexts, where highly skilled experts are required, such as aircraft cockpit or nuclear power plant control room. Throughout this study, we performed extensive cross-disciplinary literature review about complexity in an attempt to define and classify the concept of complexity in the perspective of human factor and human computer interaction (HCI). The definitions of complexity have varied in accordance with academic fields, and its applications are different depending on the scale and scope of target systems. The concept of complexity in automotive HMI systems is defined in our study drawing on literature review and result of classification. Considerations for applying the concept into human factor research are also derived.
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