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서병관,류성룡,이송실,허정은,백용현,이재동,최도영,조윤제,김남재,박동석 WHO COLLABORATING CENTRE FOR TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2004 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2004 No.-
Objective : The aim of this study was to review systemically clinical trials on the effectiveness and safety of herbal medicines in the treatment of osteoarthritis. Methods : Computerized literature searches were carried out on seven electronic databases, and hand-searching on some chinese medical journals in library of Kyung Hee Medical Center. Trial data were extracted in a standardized, predefined manner and assessed independently. Results : 1. Thirty reports of clinical trials and two reports of meta-analyses concerning herbal medicine were collected and reviewed Among these reports three medical herbs were applied as topical medicine and others as internal medicine. 2. The western studies established NSAIDs or placebo as their control group. Five chinese reports established formulated herb pill(Ruanshnagshenjin pill) as their control group and Six did not establish a control group at all. 3. ACR was the most highly used diagnostic criteria in the western studies while the Chinese used their official criteria established by their government or the criteria of their text books. 4. 20 reports chose the Lequesne functional index, SHAQ, WOMAC OA index, AIMS, and their own unique scoring system as the criteria of analysing the effect. Others chose clinical symptoms, articular functions, and lab finding as their criteria. 5. 7 single herbs and 19 formulated herbs were studied. Among the formulated herbs, Achyranthes japonica was studied in 10 of the studies and Angelica gigantis Radix in 8, making them the most often studied herbs among the studies.
卞珠燮,趙成鎭,盧載榮,裵吉寬 충북대학교 엽연초연구소 1982 煙草硏究 Vol.9 No.-
This experiment was conducted to investigate the influence of pH, concentration of iron and phosphate and their interaction on the formation of nicotine in tobacco plants. For different levels of pH and phosphate respectively and two levels of iron were treated in thin experiment. The experimented tobacco plants were cultured by water culture in the greenhouse. The results are summarized as follows. 1.Stem height, stem diameter, length and with of the largest levels and number of total leaves increased at the plot of pH 5.5 and pH 7.0. 2.In the plot of treated 0.5 ppm of iron and 30 ppm of phosphate, weight of total leaves and weight of unit leaf area were large. It is considered that the yield increase was due to the increase of the weight of unit leaf area. 3.The root weight increased by treatment of 0.5 ppm of iron. And the root weight of the plot treated 0.5 ppm of iron increased by the treatment of 30 ppm of phosphate. 4.The difference nicotine content in the loaves among the treatments showed the same tendency as the root But there were no differences between the nicotine content at different concentation of phosphate in the case of 1.0 ppm of iron, and there were no differences between the nicotine content at different concentration of iron in the case of 60 ppm of phosphate.
이형숙,김현주,조재현,이승원,김현아,최준혁,송영준,김대중,이관우,정윤석 대한내분비학회 2003 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.18 No.5
연구배경 및 방법: 골형성부전증은 비교적 희귀한 유전병으로 교원질 대사 장애로 인한 골의 취약성과 다발성 골절 및 척추측만증 등을 특징으로 한다. 유전방식과 표현형의 발현 정도에 따라 다양한 임상 양상을 보이며, 임상적 중증도에 따라 4가지 형태로 분류된다. 지금까지 국내 보고는 분만과정이나 태아 진찰시 골격이상으로 발견된 증례보고가 주였다. 저자들은 비교적 경미한 임상 양상을 보이는 예를 포함한 다수의 골형성부전증 환자들의 전반적인 임상적 특징에 대해 보고하는 바이다. 결과: 2001년 6월부터 2003년 2월까지 골형성부전증으로 진단받은 6 가계, 10예를 대상으로 하였다. 평균 나이는 27.3(5∼56)세였고 소아가 2예였다. 모두 상염색체 우성으로 유전되었으며, 제 I형이 4예, 제 III형이 4예, 그리고 제 IV형이 2예였다. 전 예에서 다수의 골절 경험이 있었고, 골밀도 저하와 골피질 두께 감소 소견이 관찰되었다. 전신의 평균 골밀도는 0.690(0.421∼1.039) g/cm²였다. 골형성지표로 측정된 sAlk는 소아의 경우만 증가되어 있었고, 골흡수지표로 측정된 uDPD의 평균치는 12.9(4.4∼36.3) nM/mM Cr으로 증가된 소견을 보였다. mobility score는 대부분 3,4단계에 속해 있었다. 중증형일수록 진단 시의 mobility score가 낮은 경향을 보였다. 결론: 한국인 골형성부전증 환자의 임상적 특징을 살펴본 결과 기존의 보고된 II형 외에도 I, III, IV형이 다양하게 존재함을 알 수 있었으며, 모든 예에서 상염색체 우성으로 유전됨을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 모든 예에서 증가된 골흡수로 인한 골밀도 저하와 골절을 확인할 수 있었다. Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI) is a relatively rare hereditary disease, which is characterized by multiple bone fractures and spine scoliosis, due to the fragility of bone, and is often associated with blue sclerae, deafness and dentinogenesis imperfecta. Four types of OI can be distinguished, according to the clinical findings. Although mutations affecting type I collagen are responsible for the disease in most patients, the mechanism by which the genetic defects cause abnormal bone development remains to be fully understood. Here, the clinical characteristics of 10 OI patient cases are reported, with a review of the literature. All the cases, including 4 type I, 4 type III and 2 type IV, inherited OI as an autosomal dominant trait. All the subjects had multiple old fractures and decreased bone densities. In this study, the biochemical marker of bone formation, serum alkaline phosphatase, was found to be increased only in the pediatric OI patients, while the biochemical marker of bone resorption, urinary deoxypyridinoline, was increased in all cases. The mobility score was found to correlate with the severity of the type on diagnosis (J Kor Soc Endocrinol 18:496∼503, 2003).
Documenting Stage Censorship and Ki Kuk-Seo’s Hamlet
Seong-kwan Cho(조성관) 한국셰익스피어학회 2016 셰익스피어 비평 Vol.52 No.4
Productions of Shakespeare’s revenge tragedy Hamlet have engaged with Korean politics since the 1980s. The inception of politicizing Hamlet was Ki Kuk-seo’s renditions (1981, 1982 and 1985) of the tragedy at a time when a playwright must jeopardize his or her life to write about contemporary political realities, the Gwangju massacre or the murder of the president Park Chung-hee, because there were suspicious deaths and tortures. Even if a playwright attempted to address contemporary political issues, such a script could not pass the stage censorship of KPPEC that silenced “rebellious” or “decadent” artists from 1975 to 1988. However, any Western classic work was unlikely to be suspected of being used for a contemporary political purpose, at least, from the perspective of governmental officers. Ki Kuk-seo chose Hamlet for disclosing what was hidden by the then authoritarian government and reflecting on the bloody history of the early 1980s, as he believed that the Shakespearean play included those materials that naturally matched the contemporary Korean politics. This essay investigates the Korean political context in the 1980s and shows how a politically safe text as believed by KPPEC became a dangerous one. Ki’s Hamlet reflected Chun Doo-hwan’s early reign of terror with its portrayal of Hamlet as a defeated young man. Not only its political nature, Ki’s brave experiment (deconstructing Shakespearean text to create his own script) influenced his contemporaries to look upon Shakespeare’s writing as raw material that can be treated as a malleable aesthetic resource.
능동적인 수용자 : 랑시에르의 관객론과 한국 연극의 셰익스피어 수용
조성관(Seong-kwan Cho) 한국비평이론학회 2021 비평과이론 Vol.26 No.1
셰익스피어 텍스트의 해석과 공연은 영어권에서 배울 수 있는데, 그 배움은 언제나 거리 속에서 이뤄진다. 한국에서 셰익스피어의 수용은 한국 연극 양식이라는 지역성과 셰익스피어 텍스트가 한국 문화에 대해 가질 수밖에 없는 타자성과의 긴장 관계 속에서 이뤄지고 있다. 셰익스피어의 텍스트는 영어가 아닐 경우 원작의 시는 온전한 전달이 불가능하기 때문에, 언제나 그 시는 훼손될 수밖에 없다. 셰익스피어는 지속적인 거리두기라는 역사적 실천으로 한국 연극의 일부가 되었고, 한국은 셰익스피어를 통하여 세계에 자신을 인정받을 수 있었다. 이러한 거리의 실천을 본고에서는 틈으로 규정했다. 이 틈은 셰익스피어가 한국에서 수용되었을 때 어긋날 수밖에 없는 형태로 나타나고 있는데, 이러한 틈 속에서 원작에는 이질적일 수밖에 없는 요소들이 반드시 우연적으로 출현하는 형태로 분열이 오히려 유기적인 형태로 나타남을 보인다. 이러한 제거될 수 없는 틈은 무언가가 도래할 수 있는 조건이기도 하다. Although Korea might have to learn how to interpret and stage Shakespearean plays from the Anglophone world, the learning always generates a distance between the pupil and the master. Shakespeare reception on the Korean stage has been attained in the midst of tension between her local theatrical style and the otherness of Shakespeare for Korean culture. It is impossible to translate Shakespearean poetry into non-English language without any destruction. Shakespeare has become a part of Korean theatre through a historical practice of incessant distancing, meanwhile Korean theatre could be recognized by the world with Shakespeare performances. Such historical practice is suggested as filling the hiatus. It emerges as an inevitable disjoint when Shakespeare is recontexualized in Korea, and something that should be alien to the original text appears by chance in the hiatus. Therefore, the disjoint is rather organic. The hiatus which is not removable is a condition for what is to come.