Effect of the Length of Feed Withdrawal on Weight Loss, Yield and Meat Color of Broiler

Kim, D.H.,Yoo, Y.M.,Kim, S.H.,Jang, B.G.,Park, B.Y.,Cho, S.H.,Seong, P.N.,Hah, K.H.,Lee, J.M.,Kim, Y.K.,Hwang, I.H. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2007 Animal Bioscience Vol.20 No.1

The current study was conducted to determine the optimum length of feed withdrawal for pre-harvest broilers. A total of three hundred broilers were sampled from an industrial population, and 30 chicks for each weight group (e.g., 1.5 and 2.5 kg) were randomly assigned to feed withdrawal treatments for 0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 h. Weight loss, yield, muscle pH, objective meat color and weights of gastro intestinal contents, crop, gizzard, provenriculus, small intestine, caecum, and rectum were determined. Live weight loss was significantly (p<0.05) increased as length of feed withdrawal extended. A significant (p<0.05) carcass yield for both 1.5 and 2.5 kg groups coincided after 9 and 6 h feed withdrawal, respectively. Net weights of intestinal contents for crop and gizzard were significantly (p<0.05) reduced by 6 h, and the reduction for proventriculus and small intestine occurred from 3 h. A noticeable effect of feed withdrawal on pH for breast muscle at 3 h postmortem occurred only when chicks were fasted for 3 h of which pH (6.05) was significantly (p<0.05) higher than that for other groups including the control (5.74). There was a linear tendency of higher lightness (Hunter L* value) numerically for chicks fasted for longer periods. The highest coefficient of determinations of regression models to estimate weight loss as a function of fasting period and body weights were achieved, when the models included both linear and quadratic terms for fasting period, and linear term for both 1.5 ($R^2=0.76$) and 2.5 kg ($R^2=0.78$) body weight groups. Given the practical aspect, approximately 1.5 kg of body weight is dominant, weight loss could be predicted by the following function; live weight $loss=26.6-0.28{\times}(fasting period)^2+12.34{\times}pasting\;period-0.012{\times}body\;weight$, $R^2=0.76$. Current data implied that the optimum fasting time for pre-slaughter chicks varied depending on slaughter weight; 6 and 9-h fasting were recommendable for 2.5 and 1.5 kg chicks, with little effect on objective meat color.

Expression of the Blue Fluorescent Protein (AmCyan) in the Fibroin of Transgenic Silkworms

Seon Young Kim,Seong Wan Kim,Eun Young Yun,Kwang-Ho Choi,Seong Ryul Kim,Seok Woo Kang,Seung Won Park,Tae Won Goo 한국응용곤충학회 2014 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2014 No.04

To product the blue fluorescent protein (AmCyan) expressed cocoon, we were fused AmCyan cDNA to the heavy chain gene and injected the gene into a silkworm. AmCyan was one of the existing violet fluorochromes and originally derived from the fluorescent protein amFP486. AmFP486 was cloned from the sea anemone Anemonia majano (GenBank accession number AF168421), and belongs to the family of fluorescent proteins (FPs) isolated from coral reef organisms. The AmCyan fusion protein, each with N- and C- terminal sequences or the fibroin H-chain, were designed to be secreted into the lumen of the posterior silk glands. The expression of the AmCyan/H-chain fusion gene was regulated by the fibroin H-chain promoter. The use of the 3xP3 EGFP as a marker allowed us to rapidly distinguish transgenic silkworm. Mixtures of the donor and helper vectors were micro-injected into 300 eggs of bivoltine silkworms (Baegokjam). EGFP fluorescence was observed in 3 broods of transgenic silkworms under a florescence stereomicroscope. The cocoon was displayed strong blue fluorescence, proving that the fusion protein was present in the cocoon. Accordingly, we suggest that the AmCyan gene expressed cocoon will be enable the production of the novel biomaterials based on the transgenic silk.

Biological evaluation of anti-influenza viral activity of semi-synthetic catechin derivatives

Song, J.M.,Park, K.D.,Lee, K.H.,Byun, Y.H.,Park, J.H.,Kim, S.H.,Kim, J.H.,Seong, B.L. Elsevier/North-Holland 2007 ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH Vol.76 No.2

Catechin derivatives with different alkyl chain length and aromatic ring substitutions at the 3-hydroxyl group were synthesized from epigallocatechin (EGC) and (+)-catechin (C) and their anti-influenza viral activity were evaluated in vitro and in ovo. Pronounced antiviral activity was observed for derivatives carrying moderate chain length (7-9 carbons) as compared to those with aromatic rings, whereas the 5'-hydroxyl group of the trihydroxy benzyl moiety did not significantly contribute to antiviral activity. The derivatives exerted inhibitory effects for all six influenza subtypes tested including three major types of currently circulating human influenza viruses (A/H1N1, A/H3N2 and B type), H2N2 and H9N2 avian influenza virus. The compounds strongly inhibited adsorption of the viruses on red blood cell (RBC). They also restricted the growth of avian influenza virus in ovo with minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) of 5-10μM far exceeding the neuraminidase (NA) inhibitor oseltamivir or M2 proton channel inhibitor amantadine. The antiviral activity appears to be mediated by interaction with hemagglutinin (HA)/viral membrane rendering HA less fusogenic at the initial stage of infection. The broad spectrum activity against various subtypes of influenza viruses may complement the limitations of current antivirals and contribute for managing potentially emerging influenza pandemic. The structure-activity data of catechin derivatives may usefully guideline future research endeavors for applying green tea catechins as alternative anti-viral agents.

Effect of annealing of graphene layer on electrical transport and degradation of Au/graphene/n-type silicon Schottky diodes

Kim, D.J.,Kim, G.S.,Park, N.W.,Lee, W.Y.,Sim, Y.,Kim, K.S.,Seong, M.J.,Koh, J.H.,Hong, C.H.,Lee, S.K. Elsevier Sequoia 2014 JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS Vol.612 No.-

We have investigated the effect of annealing of graphene sheets on the electrical properties of Au/graphene/n-type silicon Schottky diode. Large scale graphene sheets were grown by chemical vapor deposition and then annealed at 300, 400, and 500<SUP>o</SUP>C; one sheet was left un-annealed as the control. The diodes were fabricated by transferring the graphene sheets directly onto n-type Si substrates and the current-voltage (I-V) and capacitance-voltage (C-V) characteristics were evaluated. The average values of the Schottky barrier height (SBH) and ideality factor (η) for the as-fabricated Au/graphene/n-type silicon Schottky diode from I-V measurements were determined to be ~0.8+/-0.01eV and ~1.79+/-0.05, respectively, whereas the SBH from C-V measurements was ~0.89+/-0.01eV. The electrical transport characteristics measured at room temperature indicated that annealing of graphene sheet prior to the transfer of the graphene onto the n-Si substrates significantly reduces the electric degradation of the Schottky diodes, even though no distinct differences in other electric properties, including ideality factors and SBHs, before or after annealing of the graphene sheets were observed. Thus, by simply annealing the graphene sheets at 500<SUP>o</SUP>C, we found that the Au/graphene/n-type silicon Schottky diode showed an approximately 3.3-fold lower series resistance as compared with the un-annealed Schottky diode under air exposure of up to 7days. These annealed diodes showed significantly reduced electrical degradation by removing the potentially trapped H<SUB>2</SUB>O and/or O<SUB>2</SUB> at the interface between the graphene layer and the n-Si substrate.

Intranasal Adenovirus-Vectored Vaccine for Induction of Long-Lasting Humoral Immunity-Mediated Broad Protection against Influenza in Mice

Kim, Eun Hye,Park, Hae-Jung,Han, Gye-Yeong,Song, Man-Ki,Pereboev, Alexander,Hong, Jeong S.,Chang, Jun,Byun, Young-Ho,Seong, Baik Lin,Nguyen, Huan H. American Society for Microbiology 2014 Journal of virology Vol.88 No.17

<P>Influenza vaccines aimed at inducing antibody (Ab) responses against viral surface hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) provide sterile immunity to infection with the same subtypes. Vaccines targeting viral conserved determinants shared by the influenza A viruses (IAV) offer heterosubtypic immunity (HSI), a broad protection against different subtypes. We proposed that vaccines targeting both HA and the conserved ectodomain of matrix protein 2 (M2e) would provide protection against infection with the same subtype and also HSI against other subtypes. We report here that single intranasal immunization with a recombinant adenovirus (rAd) vector encoding both HA of H5 virus and M2e (rAdH5/M2e) induced significant HA- and M2e-specific Ab responses, along with protection against heterosubtypic challenge in mice. The protection is superior compared to that induced by rAd vector encoding either HA (rAdH5), or M2e (rAdM2e). While protection against homotypic H5 virus is primarily mediated by virus-neutralizing Abs, the cross-protection is associated with Abs directed to conserved stalk HA and M2e that seem to have an additive effect. Consistently, adoptive transfer of antisera induced by rAdH5/M2e provided the best protection against heterosubtypic challenge compared to that provided by antisera derived from mice immunized with rAdH5 or rAdM2e. These results support the development of rAd-vectored vaccines encoding both H5 and M2e as universal vaccines against different IAV subtypes.</P><P><B>IMPORTANCE</B> Current licensed influenza vaccines provide protection limited to the infection with same virus strains; therefore, the composition of influenza vaccines has to be revised every year. We have developed a new universal influenza vaccine that is highly efficient in induction of long-lasting cross-protection against different influenza virus strains. The cross-protection is associated with a high level of vaccine-induced antibodies against the conserved stalk domain of influenza virus hemagglutinin and the ectodomain of matrix protein. The vaccine could be used to stimulate cross-protective antibodies for the prevention and treatment of influenza with immediate effect for individuals who fail to respond to or receive the vaccine in due time. The vaccine offers a new tool to control influenza outbreaks, including pandemics.</P>

Human 성장호르몬을 도입한 Transgenic Rats 의 작출과 번식표현형에 관한 연구 - 2 . 형질전환된 Rats 의 hGH 수준이 번식표현형에 미치는 영향

성환후,김성현,윤창현,장규태,주학진,박미령 경상대학교 축산진흥연구소 1998 畜産振興硏究所報 Vol.25 No.1

시판 한우육과 한우육 판매점의 미생물 분포

김수민,이신호,성삼경,김순희,김대곤 한국축산학회 1997 한국축산학회지 Vol.39 No.3

The Bacteriological qualities of retailed Hanwoo beef and retail stores were studied to investigate hygienic status in marketing system of Hanwoo beef. Total bacterial counts of retailed Hanwoo beefs showed average 10³∼10⁴/㎠. Bacteriolgical quality of the retailed Hanwoo beefs was affected significantly by the sanitationary conditons of the individual retail store, not by the kind of retail stores. Total bacteria( counts of knives used in the retail stores showed from 10²/㎠ to 10^5/㎠ (average 10³∼10⁴/㎠). The level of contamination was increased as they were used frequently. Total bacterial counts of balance, cutting boards, slicing machine and chopper used in the retail Hanwoo beef stores were 10¹∼10⁴/㎠z, 10⁴∼10^5/㎠, 10³∼10^5/㎠ and 10³∼10^6/㎠, respectively. Chopper showed the highest contamiantion level among various materials used in the retail Hanwoo beef stores such as knife, cutting board, slicing machine and choppor.

Siberian Sturgeon Oocyte Extract Induces Epigenetic Modifications of Porcine Somatic Cells and Improves Developmental Competence of SCNT Embryos

Kim, So-Young,Kim, Tae-Suk,Park, Sang-Hoon,Lee, Mi-Ran,Eun, Hye-Ju,Baek, Sang-Ki,Ko, Yeoung-Gyu,Kim, Sung-Woo,Seong, Hwan-Hoo,Campbell, Keith H.S.,Lee, Joon-Hee Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2014 Animal Bioscience Vol.27 No.2

Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) has generally demonstrated that a differentiated cell can convert into a undifferentiated or pluripotent state. In the SCNT experiment, nuclear reprogramming is induced by exposure of introduced donor nuclei to the recipient cytoplasm of matured oocytes. However, because the efficiency of SCNT still remains low, a combination of SCNT technique with the ex-ovo method may improve the normal development of SCNT embryos. Here we hypothesized that treatment of somatic cells with extracts prepared from the germinal vesicle (GV) stage Siberian sturgeon oocytes prior to their use as nuclear donor for SCNT would improve in vitro development. A reversible permeability protocol with $4{\mu}g/mL$ of digitonin for 2 min at $4^{\circ}C$ in order to deliver Siberian sturgeon oocyte extract (SOE) to porcine fetal fibroblasts (PFFs) was carried out. As results, the intensity of H3K9ac staining in PFFs following treatment of SOE for 7 h at $18^{\circ}C$ was significantly increased but the intensity of H3K9me3 staining in PFFs was significantly decreased as compared with the control (p<0.05). Additionally, the level of histone acetylation in SCNT embryos at the zygote stage was significantly increased when reconstructed using SOE-treated cells (p<0.05), similar to that of IVF embryos at the zygote stage. The number of apoptotic cells was significantly decreased and pluripotency markers (Nanog, Oct4 and Sox2) were highly expressed in the blastocyst stage of SCNT embryos reconstructed using SOE-treated cells as nuclear donor (p<0.05). And there was observed a better development to the blastocyst stage in the SOE-treated group (p<0.05). Our results suggested that pre-treatment of cells with SOE could improve epigenetic reprogramming and the quality of porcine SCNT embryos.

완전 이식형 인공중이의 국내 개발현황

조진호,박일용,임형규,윤영호,성기웅,정의성,한지훈,김민규,이상흔 한국장애인재활협회 2006 재활복지 Vol.10 No.3

인구의 고령화가 진행되면서 난청인구는 증가하고 있으며 난청자들은 일반적으로 공기전도형 보청기를 사용하고 있다. 이러한 보청기는 미용문제와 귀 폐쇄감 및 하울링 현상 등으로 인해 난청자들이 기피하고 있으며, 이를 극복하기 위한 방법으로 완전히 은닉할 수 있고 음향 피드백의 영향이 적은 완전 이식형 인공중이 시스템이 전 세계적으로 주목받고 있다. 경북대 첨단 감각기능 회복장치연구센터(Advanced Research Center for Recovery of Human Sensibility, ACRHS)는 보건복지부의 지원과 (주)파이컴의 참여 하에, 약 4년간의 연구 결과로 차동 전자 트랜스듀서를 기반으로 하는 완전 이식형 인공중이 시스템의 시제품 ACROHS-1.5와 그 주변장치로 무선 제어기 및 무선 충전장치를 각각 구현하고 실험을 통해 평가하였다. 현재는 제작된 시제품을 기반으로 한국식품의약품안전청 (KFDA)의 시험을 받기 위한 준비과정에 있다. Recently, persons who have difficulty in hearing are increase as aging of population, conventional hearing aids are generally used by them. In contrast with conventional hearing aids, implantable middle ear hearing devices (IMEHDs) with the advantages of complete concealment, occlusion of ear, and reduction of acoustic feedback are remarkable methods to overcome difficulties of people who have from moderate hearing loss to severe hearing loss. At Advanced Research Center for Recovery of Human Sensibility (ACRHS) in Kyungpook National University (KNU) under the auspices of Korean Ministry of Health & Welfare (KMHW) and PHICOM Co, as the products of their research during 4 years, fully implantable middle ear hearing device (ACROHS-1.5) based on a differential floating mass transducer (DFMT), an implantable microphone, a remote controller, and a wireless charger have been implemented. Each prototype has been evaluated through several experiments. In the present time, we are going to prepare clinical trials for approval of Korean Food and Drug Administration (KFDA).

Hospital-based Influenza Morbidity and Mortality (HIMM) Surveillance for A/H7N9 Influenza Virus Infection in Returning Travelers

Song, Joon Young,Noh, Ji Yun,Lee, Jacob,Woo, Heung Jeong,Lee, Jin Soo,Wie, Seong-Heon,Kim, Young Keun,Jeong, Hye Won,Kim, Shin Woo,Lee, Sun Hee,Park, Kyung-Hwa,Kang, Seong Hui,Kee, Sae Yoon,Kim, Tae H KOREAN ACADEMY OF MEDICAL SCIENCE 2018 JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE Vol.33 No.7

<P>Since 2013, the Hospital-based Influenza Morbidity and Mortality (HIMM) surveillance system began a H7N9 influenza surveillance scheme for returning travelers in addition to pre-existing emergency room (ER)-based influenza-like illness (ILI) surveillance and severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) surveillance. Although limited to eastern China, avian A/H7N9 influenza virus is considered to have the highest pandemic potential among currently circulating influenza viruses. During the study period between October 1st, 2013 and April 30th, 2016, 11 cases presented with ILI within seven days of travel return. These patients visited China, Hong Kong, or neighboring Southeast Asian countries, but none of them visited a livestock market. Seasonal influenza virus (54.5%, 6 among 11) was the most common cause of ILI among returning travelers, and avian A/H7N9 influenza virus was not detected during the study period.</P>