Flangeless Esser PET Phantom 영상 자동 분석 프로그램의 유용성 평가

남궁창경,남기표,김경식,김정선,임기천,신상기,조시만,동경래,NamGung, Chang-Kyeong,Nam, Ki-Pyo,Kim, Kyeong-Sik,Kim, Jeong-Seon,Lim, Ki-Cheon,Shin, Sang-Ki,Cho, Shee-Man,Dong, Kyung-Rae 대한핵의학기술학회 2009 핵의학 기술 Vol.13 No.1

Purpose: ACR (American College of Radiology) offers variable parameters to PET/CT quality control by using ACR Phantom. ACR Phantom was made to evaluate parameters which are uniformity, attenuation, scatter, contrast and resolution. Manual analysis method wasn't good for the use of QC because values of parameter were changed as it may user and it takes long time to analysis. Ki-Chun Lim, a nuclear scientist in AMC, developed program that automatically analysis values of parameter by using ACR Phantom to overcome above problems. In this study, we evaluated automatic analysis program's usability, through the comparing SUV of each method, reproducibility of SUV when repeated analysis and the time required. Materials and Methods: Using Flangeless Esser PET Phantom, the ideal ratio of 4 : 1 hot cylinder and BKG but it actually showed a ratio of 3.89 to 1 hot cylinder and BKG. SIEMENS Biograph True Point 40 was used in this study. We obtained images using ACR phantom at Fusion WB PET Scan condition (2 min/bed) and 120 kV, 100 mAs CT condition. Using True X method, 3 iterations, 14 subsets, Gaussian filter, FWHM 4 mm and Zoom Factor 1.0, $168{\times}168$ image size. We obtained Max. & Min. SUV and SUV Mean values at Cylinder (8, 12, 16, 25 mm, Air, Bone, Water, BKG) by automatic program and obtained SUV by manual method. After that, we compared manual and automatic method. we estimate the time required from opened the image data to final work sheet was completed. Results: Automatic program always showed same result and same the time required. At 8, 12, 16 and 25 m cylinder, manual method showed 6.69, 3.46, 2.59, 1.24 CV values. The larger cylinder size became, the smaller CV became. In manual method, bone, air, water's CV were over 9.9 except BKG (2.32). Obtained CV of Mean SUV showed BKG was low (0.85) and bone was high (7.52). The time required was 45 second, 882 second respectably. Conclusions: As a result of difference automatic method and manual method, automatic method showed always same result, manual method showed that the smaller hot cylinders became, the lager CV became. Hot cylinders mean region size, the smaller hot cylinder size becomes we had some trouble in doing ROI poison setting. And it means increase in variation of SUV. The Study showed the time required of automatic method was shorten then manual method.

쇄골두개이골증

정선진,홍순기 대한구강악안면방사선학회 2000 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.30 No.3

Cleidocranial dysplasia (previously known as cleidocranial dysostosis) is a well-known, rare and hereditary skeletal disorder characterized by a variety of dental abnormalities and as its name implies, striking involvement of the cra-nial vaults and clavicles. A 17-year-old female who presented with short stature and prolonged retention of decid-uous teeth, subsequent delay in eruption of permanent teeth is described, She could touch her shoulders together at the midline anteriorly. Diagnostic procedures showed hypoplasia of the maxillary and zygomatic bones, open fontanelles and sutures, and aphasia of the clavicles. The paranasal sinuses were absent or underdeveloped. Characteristically, she had near parallel-sided borders in the ascending ramus of the mandible and abnormal-shaped, the slender pointed coronoid process. The zygomatic arches had a downward bend and discontinuity at the zygomaticotemporal suture area. Radiographic and clinical investigations of her cranial and skeletal abnormalities revealed features of cleidocranial dysplasia.(Korean J Oral maxilloface Radiol 2000; 30: 229-234)

유아교육실습 지도교사 교육프로그램 개발 연구

윤기영,정현숙,류칠선 서원대학교 교육연구소 2001 敎育發展 Vol.20 No.2

The purpose of this study was to develop a in-service teacher education program for student teaching in early childhood education center in order to reinforce student teacher's educational role for improving their student teaching. In this paper, the sample consisted of 20 early childhood professionals who have experienced at least 3 years in students teaching program. The survey was administered using the Delphi method. The study explored the objectives, contents, administration and method, and evaluation of the developed program. We also attempt to outline the present conditions and problems on student teaching in early childhood education center. As a conclusion, the program have to assist the able kindergarten teacher for understanding student teacher correctly, to consist and administrate a practicum program with systematic support.

컴포머에 대한 복합레진의 전단결합강도에 관한 연구

정송란,최남기,양규호,김선미,송호준 大韓小兒齒科學會 2005 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.32 No.3

컴포머(compomer) 충전물이 파절될 경우 즉, 컴포머 수복이 실패했을 때 기존 컴포머의 파절된 부분(aged compomer)을 복합레진으로 수복해야 하는 경우를 고려해야 한다. 본 연구에서는 컴포머의 표면처리 방법에 따른 수리(repair)를 위한 복합레진과의 전단결합강도 변화를 알아보기 위해 두 개의 mold를 만들어서 Dyract AP, F2000를 컴포머 수복재료로, Z250을 수리용 복합레진 재료로 사용하여 컴포머와 레진을 부착시킨 시편을 제작하였다. 컴포머와 복합레진의 종류 조합, 본딩레진 사용유무, 열순환 처리 유무, 표면거칠기 부여 유무, 기존 수복물의 시효(aging)에 따라 10개의 군으로 나누어, 컴포머와 복합레진간의 전단결합강도를 측정하고 그 파절양상을 관찰하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 컴포머의 복합레진에 대한 전단결합강도를 측정한 결과, Dyract AP가 F2000 보다는 높은 전단강도 값을 보였으나 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 없었으며 (p>0.05), fresh 컴포머군이 aged 컴포머군보다 결합강도가 높았다(p<0.05). 2. 각 군간의 전단결합강도를 측정한 결과 Dyract AP에 접착제를 도포하고 Z250을 접착시킨 제 5군이 가장 높았으며, Dyract AP를 충전하고 1주일간 물에 보관한 후 건조시켜 표면을 roughening 한 후 Z250을 충전시킨 제 9군에서 가장 낮았다(p<0.05). 3. 열순환을 시행한 군이 시행하지 않은 군보다 전단결합강도가 낮게 나타났으나 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 없었다. 4. 각 재료들의 결합실패가 일어난 파절단면을 조직학적으로 관찰한 결과, 전반적으로 접착파괴를 보였으나, 접착제를 도포한 군에서는 응집파괴가 우세하게 나타났다. 이상의 결과 fresh 컴포머 위에 접착제를 도포한 다음 수리용 복합레진 재료를 사용함으로써 컴포머와 복합레진간의 결합력을 증가시킬 수 있음을 알 수 있었다. 그리고 fresh 컴포머 위에 복합레진을 즉시 충전한 경우가 높은 결합력을 얻을 수 있었다. Aged 컴포머와 복합레진간의 성공적인 결합력을 얻으려면 aged 컴포머의 표면을 mechanically roughening하고 접착제를 도포한후 복합레진을 충전해야 할 것으로 사료된다. For the purpose of comparing the bond strengths of compomers to composite resin, composite 2250, and two polyacid modified composite resin, Dyract AP and F2000, were selected and investigated using universal testing machine for measuring the shear bond strengths. Additionally, the failure modes were examined by observing the fractured surfaces of each specimen. The following results were obtained. 1. The shear bond strength of Dyract AP to Z250 were higher than those of F2000, but there was no statistically significant difference between group 1 and group 3(p>0.05), and groups using fresh compomers showed higher bond strength than those using aged compomers(p<0.05). 2. After measuring the shear bond strength of each group, it was highest in group 5 and was lowest in group 9(p<0.05). 3. Although there was no statistically significant difference, groups treated with thermocycling showed lower bond strengths than those of non-thermocycling groups. 4. Overall compomer/composite resin failures were adhesive. Cohesive failures occurred mainly in groups using bonding agent. Based on these results, the application of a bonding agent on fresh polyacid-modified resin composite increases the bond strength between polyacid-modified resin composite and composite resin. Additionally, the surface of aged polyacid-modified resin composite has to be roughened mechanically and a bonding agent has to be used in combination with composite resin.

폐결핵 환자의 우울 상태

홍정표,최선희,조만종,이성주,박종,김기순,김양옥 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 1997 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.22 No.1

The main purpose of this study is to identify and evaluate the depressive states for the patients with chronic pulmonary tuberculosis. A questionnaire(Self-rating Depression Scale, SDS) survey was performed toward 57 pulmonary tuberculosis patients with initial treatment who started chemotherapy and 53 pulmonary tuberculosis patients with retreatment, admitted to one tuberculosis-centered hospital and two general hospital. Fifty three healthy persons as control group were investigated with the same questionnaire for comparison. The survey was performed from July to August 1996. The results are as follws : 1. The patients had significantly high scores in the depression than control and the patient with retreatment showed significantly high scores in the depression than the patient with initia1treatment(P<0.01). 2. The depressive levels of the patients were associated with duration of admission and the expectancy of recovery (P<0.05). 3. The percentage of the subjects with 40 or more scores tentatively classifiable as psychologically depressed was 67.1% of the total subjects, 48.4% of the control groups, 75.0% of the patient with initial treatment and 84.1% of the patient with retreatment. Because patient with pulmonary tuberculosis with initial treatment showed higher depression scores than normal persons, and patients with retreatment due to failure of initial treatment showed higher depression scores than initial treatment, it is necessary to give attention to depression of the patients during treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis.

변위된 미맹출 상악 견치의 교정 치험례 : CASE REPORT

임혜정,최남기,김선미,양규호 大韓小兒齒科學會 2005 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.32 No.3

상악 견치는 가장 긴 치근을 가지며 저작기능과 함께 하악의 측방운동을 유도하고 심미적으로도 치열궁의 구각부위에 위치하여 교합관계의 조화와 대칭을 유지하는 등의 중요한 기능을 수행한다. 상악 견치는 발육기간이 가장 길며 형성되어 맹출하기까지 복잡한 경로를 갖기 때문에 다른 치아보다 매복의 빈도가 높다. 이러한 매복치를 치료하기 위해 임상의는 관찰을 하거나 외과적 노출과 교정적 견인, 자가치아이식, 발치 등 다양한 치료방법을 고려할 수 있다. 외과적 노출과 교정치료는 견치를 교합선상에 배치할 수 있기 때문에 가장 이상적인 접근으로 생각할 수 있다. 본 증례 보고는 구개측으로 매복된 상악 견치를 외과적 노출과 교정적 치아이동을 통해 기능적, 심미적으로 양호한 결과를 얻었다. The maxillary canine is especially important as it has the longest root, provides guidance for lateral movement of the mandible and masticatory function and is a key in esthetics due to its position. Maxillary canine has the longest time to develop and a complex route from the place of formation to the site of eruption, and so it is prone to impaction more than other teeth. The clinician should consider the various treatment options : (a) No treatment and observation, (b) surgical exposure and orthodontic traction (c) autotransplantation (d) extraction. Surgical exposure of the canine and orthodontic treatment to bring the tooth into the line of occlusion is considered the most desirable approach. This case presents the results of treatment for impacted maxillary canine by surgical exposure and orthodontic tooth movement.

과학 포트폴리오 체제의 적용이 초등학생의 사회심리학적 교실 환경에 미치는 효과

조선형,김찬종,김범기,김철영,김혜정 한국교원대학교 과학교육연구소 2001 청람과학교육연구논총 Vol.11 No.1

The purpose of the research is to investigate the effects of a portfolio system on students' socio-psychological classroom environments in elementary science class. Two schools were selected from a metropolitan area, a city, and one school from a rural area in central Korea. Two fifth-grade classes were sampled from each school selected, and one class is assigned to experimental group and the other to control group, respectively. The total number of participants of the study is 399. Portfolio system was administered to experimental group, and conventional teaching to control group for two and half month. WIHIC, an inventory to measure socio-psychological classroom environment, was administered as a pre-and post-test. Experimental group gained statistically higher scores on WIHIC after administering portfolio system. They showed more positive perceptions on sub-areas of WIHIC such as teacher support, task orientation, and equity. There is interaction between region and group: the effects of the portfolio system is highest in rural area, lowest in metropolitan area, and the city in between. Portfolio system have positive effects on students' socio-psychological classroom environments. Enhanced socio-psychological classroom environments is expected to contribute to positive self-concept, higher science achievements, and self-directed learning.

상아질 접착제의 미세누출에 관한 연구

손정민,최남기,김선미,양규호,박지일 大韓小兒齒科學會 2008 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.35 No.4

본 연구는 여러가지 상아질 접착제들의 법랑질 변연과 상아질 변연에서의 미세누출을 비교 평가하기 위해 이루어졌다. 발거된 건전한 영구치의 협면과 설명에 5급 와동을 형성하고 형성된 50개의 와동을 무작위로 5개의 군으로 나누어 각군에 Adper™ Scotchbond™ Multi-purpose Plus Adhesive (SM; 3M ESPE. USA), Adper™ Single bond 2 (SB; 3M ESPE, USA), Clearfil™ SE Bond (SE; Kuraray Medical Inc., Japan), Adper™ Prompt™ L-Pop™ (PL; 3M ESPE, USA), G-Bond™ (GB; GC Co., Japan)를 적용하고 Filtec™ Z350 A3 (3M ESPE. USA)로 충전하였다. 시편을 37℃ 증류수에 24시간 보관한 후 5℃와 55℃에서 10초씩 1000회 열순환하고 2% methylene blue 용액을 24시간 넣어 염색한 뒤, 주수 하에 치아를 협설로 절단하여 색소의 침투 정도를 화상분석현미경을 이용하여 침투깊이를 측정한 뒤 각 군간의 미세누출 정도를 비교하여 침투깊이에 따라 0~3점으로 분류하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 범랑질 변연에서의 미세누출은 PL(0.85), SB(0.55), GB(0.50), SM(0.35), SE(0.25) 순이었으며 PL은 SM 및 SE와 통계학적으로 유의한 차이를 나타냈다(p<0.05). 2. 상아질 변연에서의 미세누출은 GB(2.10), SE(1.45), PL(1.40), SB(1.05), SM(0.70) 순이었으며 GB는 SB 및 SM과 통계학적으로 유의한 차이를 나타냈다(p<0.05). 3. 각 실험재료 군내에서 법랑질 변연에 비해 상아질 변연에서 미세누출이 더 크게 나타났으며, SE, PL, GB에서 통계학적으로 유의한 차이를 나타냈다(p<0.05). The objective of this study was to compare the microleakage of five adhesive systems in the enamel and dentin of permanent teeth. Class V cavity preparations with occlusal margins in enamel and gingival margins in dentin were prepared on both buccal and lingual surfaces of 25 extracted human molar teeth. The tested adhesives were: Adper Scotchbond Multi-purpose Plus Adhesive (SM), Adper Single bond 2 (SB), Clearfil SE Bond (SE), Adper Prompt L-Pop (pL) and G-Bond (GB). The results were as follows: 1. At the enamel margins, PL showed the highest leakage value(0.85), and others showed values of SB(0.55), GB(O.50), SM(O.35) and SE(0.25) in decreasing order. There were statistically significant differences in PL vs. SM and PL vs. SE(p<O.05). 2. At the dentin margins, GB showed the highest leakage value(2.10), and others showed values of SE(1.45), PL(1.40), SB(1.05), SM(0.70) in decreasing order. There were statistically significant differences in GB vs. SB and GB vs. SM(p<O.05). 3. Dentin margins showed high dye penetration rate than enamel margins in all material tested groups and there were statistically significant differences for SE, PL and GB.

상악 전치부에 발생한 여러 유형의 치아 외상 : CASE REPORT

임혜정,최남기,양규호,김선미 大韓小兒齒科學會 2005 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.32 No.1

외상으로 인해 완전 탈구와 함입성 및 정출성 탈구가 병합되어 나타나는 경우는 드물다. 2003년 7월에 10세 2개월의 여아가 상악우측 측절치의 완전탈구와 상악우측 중절치의 함입성 탈구, 상악 좌측 중절치의 정출성 탈구로 전남대학교병원 소아치과에 내원하였다. 내원 당일 외상치아를 외과적으로 재위치시켰으며 레진 강선 고정을 시행하였다. 외상 2주 후 완전탈구된 상악우측 측절치는 근관치료를 시행하였다. 외상 3개월 후 방사선사진 상에 상악 좌우측 중절치의 치근 외흡수가 관찰되었으며 수산화칼슘을 이용한 근관치료를 시행한 후 치근 외흡수가 정지되었다. 1년 4개월 동안의 관찰기간 동안 병적인 변화없이 양호한 결과를 보였으며 추후 장기적인 추적관찰이 필요하리라 사료된다. It is rare that the complete avulsion, intrusive luxation, and extrusive luxation occurred by trauma at the same time. In July, 2003, 10-year and 2 month-old-girl was referred to Department of Pediatric dentistry, Chonnam National University Hospital due to complete avulsion of upper right lateral incisor, intrusive luxation of upper right cental incisor and extrusive luxation of upper left central incisor. Traumatized teeth were surgically repositioned and fixated with resin-wire splint at the same day. Endodontic treatment of avulsed tooth was performed 2 weeks after trauma. A radiograph was taken 3 months after trauma, which demonstrated root resorption of both upper central incisors. External root resorption was arrested by the root canal therapy with calcium hydroxide. It showed good results for 1 year and 4 month but further follow-up is needed to check root resorption and ankylosis.

Uncoupling Protein 3의 골격근 세포내 과발현이 OLETF 백서 및 배양된 골격근 세포에서 포도당대사에 미치는 영향

한정희,박혜선,고정민,김하영,강호경,이인규,박중열,홍성관,이재담,이기업 대한당뇨병학회 2002 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.25 No.6

연구배경:Uncoupling protein(UCP)는 미토콘드리아의 내막에 위치하는 단백질로 세포내의 과다한 에너지를 열로 발산시키는 기능을 가진다. 최근 동물의 갈색지방조직에만 존재하는 UCP와 유사성을 가진 아형들(UCP2,3)이 사람에게도 존재함이 알려져 큰 관심을 끌도 있는데 이중 UCP3는 그 발현이 골격근세포와 갈색지방조직에만 국한된다. 본 연구에서는 UCP3가 체내 인슐린 감수성을 결정하는데 가장 중요한 조직인 골격근에 국한되어 발현되는 점에 착안하여 UCP3를 골격근세포에 과발현시켰을 때 포도당 대사에 어떠한 영향이 나타나는 지를 조사하였다. 방법:25주령의 8마리의 OLETF 백서를 대상으로 하여 4마리는 골격근에 adenovirus 2mL(1×10¹²pfu/mL)를 주사하여 대조군으로 하였고 4마리는 골격근에 재조합법으로 제작된 adenovirus­UCP3 2mL(1×10¹²pfu/mL)를 주사하였다(UCP3 과발현군). UCP3를 투여한 백서에서 먹이섭취가 증가하는 경향이 있어 그 전날 대조군이 먹은 야의 먹이만큼 투여하였다. 골격근에 adenovirus를 주사한 10일 후에 euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp를 시행하였다. Adenovirus­UCP를 C2C12 골격근 세포에 transfection시켜 UCP3를 C2C12 골격근 세포에 transfection시켜 UPS3­C2C12를 만들고 C2C12 골격근 세포와 UPS3­C2C12 골격근 세포에서 포도당 수송 및 당원합성을 측정하였다. 결과:UCP3 과발현 OLETF에서 체중이 감소하는 경향을 보였고 인슐린 감수성이 증가하였다. C2C12세포에서 기저상태 포도당 수송은 1.28±0.17μmol/L/min였고 100nM 인슐린으로 2시간 처리한 후 2.67±0.20 μmol/L/min로 증가하였다. UCP3­C2C12 세포에서는 기저상태 포도당 수송이 3.98±0.13μmol/L/min로 증가되었고 인슐린 처리 후 5.74±0.44μmol/L/min로 증가하였다. 인슐린을 처리한 UCP3­C2C12 세포에 P13K 억제제인 wortmannin을 첨가하였을 때 포도당 수송활성이 3.81±0.20μmol/L/min로 감소하였다. 기저상태 당원합성은 C2C12 세포에서 0.25±0.01μmol/L/min였고 인슐린 처리 후 0.45±0.01μmol/L/min로 증가하였다. UCP3­C2C12 세포에서는 기저상태 당원합성이 0.62±0.01μmol/L/min였고 인슐린 처리 후 1.26±454μmol/L/min로 증가하였다. UCP3­C2C12세포에 wortmannin을 첨가하였을 때 당원합성율이 0.80±0.04μmol/L/min로 감소하였다. 결론:UCP3 과발현이 OLETF 백서에서 인슐린 감수성을 증가시켰고 골격근세포에서 포도당 수송 및 당원합성을 증가시켰다. wortmannin을 첨가하였을 때 포도당 수송 및 당원합성이 감소함으로 보아 이 과정이 인슐린 신호전달체계인 P13K에 일부 의존함을 알 수 있었다. Background : UC P3 is a mitochondrial membrane protein expressed selectively in the skeletal muscle and brown adipose tissue. Since the skeletal muscle is the main organ determining insulin sensitivity in the body, it was hypothesized that UCP3 overexpression in skeletal muscle cells would improve glucose metabolism. Methods : An adenovirus-UCP3 was produced by a recombinant DNA method. OLETF rats were divided into 2 groups. Four rats were injected with the adenovirus-UCP3 (UCP3 group) and others were injected with the adenovirus(control group) in the skeletal muscle. The UCP3 group was provided with the same quantity of food as that consumed by the control group on the previous day. Insulin sensitivity was evaluated by the euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp method. In a separate experiment, glucose transport and glycogen synthesis we evaluated in C2C212 cells transfected with ether an adenovirus or the adenovirus-UCP3. Results : The insulin sensitivity improved significantly and the body weight decreased in the UCP3 group. The glucose transport and glycogen synthesis were higher in the UCP3-C2C12 skeletal muscle cells at the basal state. After insulin treatment, glucose transport and glycogen synthesis were also higher in the UCP3-C2C12 cells but the increments were reduced after treatment with wortmannin, a PI3K inhibitor. Conclusion : Insulin sensitivity was higher in the UCP3-overexpressed OLETF rats in the in vivo study. UCP3 transfection also increased glucose transport and glycogen synthesis in the cultured skeletal muscle cells by a PI3K dependent mechanism(J Kor Diabetes Asso 25 :460~468, 2001).