Study on Aging Effect of Adhesion Strength Between Polyimide Film and Copper Layer

Seok‑Bon Koo,Chang‑Myeon Lee,Sang‑Jun Kwon,Jun‑Mi Jeon,Jin‑young Hur,Hong‑Kee Lee 대한금속·재료학회 2019 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.25 No.1

This paper experimentally confirmed that the adhesion strength of the copper layer formed on the surface of the polyimidefilm by wet plating greatly changes with the aging time. The adhesion strength of the copper layer showed a rapid increasefrom 4 to 10 h after aging had begun and then converged to a value without a significant change. The adhesion enhancementbetween polyimide film and copper layer by aging is due to the interlocking effect caused by the volume expansion of copperoxide (CuO) formed in the polyimide, the increased mobility of copper particles enlarged by the decrease of impuritiesin the copper layer grain boundaries, and the consequent change of the crystal structure of the copper layer leading to theinternal stress reduction. Such adhesion improvement can be confirmed by the progress of the cohesive failure indicatingthe breakdown of the polyimide film.

외상성 두부 손상 환자의 주관적 증상 호소 정도에 따른 다면적 인성검사와 신경심리 검사의 비교

구본훈,정은정,서완석,송창진,장혜경,배대석 大韓神經精神醫學會 2005 신경정신의학 Vol.44 No.6

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical characteristics of "fake bad" and "fake good" patients with traumatic head injury in neuropsychological tests. Methods : We measured subjective symptoms by SCL-90-R and objective symptoms by McBride obstacle-valuation measure. The patient was divided into three groups according to differences between subjective and objective symptoms. We also examined their intelligence, memory, clinical characteristics, using K-WAIS, K-MAS, MMPI. Results : The group who overly expressed their subjective symptoms has its psychotic symptom exaggeratingly measured, so it will be helpful to be careful to such over-expressed symptoms in those who present a psychotic symptom in a clinical Viewpoint. An K-WAIS measurement among those who exaggerated their subjective symptoms showed less value than the actual one, which weakens the reliability of this intelligent test. Rather, for that grouP, the result of K-MAS can be used with a confidence in the estimation of their severity of symptoms. Conclusion : MMPI and neuropsychological tests are helpful to understand characteristics between subjective symptoms and objective disabilities of patients with traumatic head injury.

부갑상선 선종 절제 후 발생한 골기아증후군 1예

구본석,노종렬 충남대학교 암공동연구소 2006 암공동연구소 업적집 Vol.5 No.

One of the common complications of parathyroid surgery is the development of postoperative hypocalcemia. Hypocalcemia may result from the redistribution of serum calcium as well as the insufficient supply of parathyroid hormone from the parathyroid tissues remaining after the parathyroidectomy. Hungry bone syndrome is postoperative hypocalcemia that takes place due to rapid redistribution of serum calcium to the bone and requires a long-term medical management. We have experienced a 34-year-old man who presented brown tumor in the left humerus and developed hungry bone syndrome after resection of a parathyroid gland adenoma. We report this case with a review of the literature.

부갑상선 선종 절제 후 발생한 골기아증후군 1예

구본석,노종렬 충남대학교 암연구소 2006 암연구소 업적집 Vol.5 No.-

One of the common complications of parathyroid surgery is the development of postoperative hypocalcemia. Hypocalcemia may result from the redistribution of serum calcium as well as the insufficient supply of parathyroid hormone from the parathyroid tissues remaining after the parathyroidectomy. Hungry bone syndrome is postoperative hypocalcemia that takes place due to rapid redistribution of serum calcium to the bone and requires a long-term medical management. We have experienced a 34-year-old man who presented brown tumor in the left humerus and developed hungry bone syndrome after resection of a parathyroid gland adenoma. We report this case with a review of the literature.

아데노이드 및 구개편도 절제술이 비저항과 비강 내 Geometry에 미치는 영향

나기상,박찬희,구본석,김영덕,김관호,박용호 충남대학교 의학연구소 2003 충남의대잡지 Vol.30 No.2

수술 전 최소단면적이나 비강 부피는 아데노이드나 구개편도의 비대 정도와 상관관계를 보이지 않았으나 비저항은 아데노이드 비대 정도와 유의한 상관관계를 보였다. 구개편도 및 아데노이드 절제술 후 코막힘과 구호흡 증상의 유의한 호전을 보였다. 수술 후 비강의 최소단면적과 부피 등 nasal geometry는 통계적으로 유의한 변화가 없었으나 비저항은 수술 후 유의한 감소를 보였으며 수술 후 비저항의 감소 정도는 아데노이드 비대 정도와 유의한 상관 관계를 보였다 . 이상의 결과로 아데노이드와 구개편도의 비대를 보이는 소아에서 코막힘 증상을 일으키는 데는 아데노이드 비대가 주요 원인이 되며 주로 비강의 후방에 위치한 아데노이드의 mass effect에 의할 것으로 생각한다. The aim of this study was to determine whether adenoid or tonsillar hypertrophy and subsequent adenoidectomy and tonsillectomy affect pediatric nasal airway resistance and nasal geometry and to evaluate the relationships between the degree of hypertrophy and nasal airway resistance or nasal geometry. Thirty-two children, aged 3 to 15 years, selected for adenoidectomy and tonsillectomy due to chronic nasal obstruction and mouth breathing were enrolled. The size of adenoid was evaluated by cephalometric radiograph. The degree of tonsillar hypertrophy was graded clinically. Nasal airway resistance and nasal geometry was evaluated by active anterior rhinomanometry and acoustic rhinometry respectively. These measurements were repeated one month and three months post-operatively. The size of adenoid was found well correlated to preoperative nasal airway resistance. However, there were no correlations between the degree of tonsillar hypertrophy and preoperative nasal airway resistance or nasal geometry. Nasal geometry was not changed after operation. However, nasal airway resistance was reduced significantly at 3 months after operation and the size of adenoid was found well correlated to postoperative changes of nasal airway resistance.

주의력결핍 과잉행동장애 아동의 지적수준에 따른 정신병리와 실행기능의 차이

천은진,서완석,이종범,김진성,구본훈,송창진,성형모,배준용,배대석 大韓神經精神醫學會 2005 신경정신의학 Vol.44 No.4

To investigate psychopathoIogy and executive functions of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) children according to intelligence level, this study included 197 ADHD children who visited the outpatient department of neuropsychiatry of YeungNam University Medical Center, from July 2000 to June 2002. The children were divided into groups based on their intelligence levels. They were compared by the Personality Inventory for Children (PIC), Conncers' Continuous Performence Test (CPT), and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST). There were significant differences in PIC, on the subscales of verbal development, socialization and autism. In the CPT, there was no significant difference. In the WCST, there were significant differences in the total number of errors, the number of perseverative errors, the number of completed categories and the number of trials needed to complete the first category. Considering these results, the intelligence level of ADHD children is related to their disabilities and behavioral symptoms.Executive functions such as abstract thinking, categorization, working memory and flexibility had significant relationship to the intelligence levels of ADHD children. Therefore, the intelligence level of children with ADHD influences the higher executive functions of regulating attention and information processing rather than attentional functions and capacity alone.

노년기 영성과 불안·우울 및 삶의 질과의 관계

염형욱,정성덕,서완석,구본훈,배대석 영남대학교 의과대학 2005 Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine Vol.22 No.1

본 연구는 노인의 영적인 안녕 정도를 측정 하여 그들의 영적 안녕정도가 불안, 우울 및 삶의 질에 어떠한 영향을 미치고 있는 것인지를 검토하고, 불안 및 우울과 같은 노인의 정신 건강 상태를 평가할 때 영적 안녕이 중요한 요인으로 인정되는지 여부를 평가하기 위하여 활동성 노인 184명을 대상으로 실시하였다. 영적 안녕 정도는 영적 안녕 척도를 사용하였는데 두 개의 하위 척도인 종교적 안녕과 실존적 안녕으로 평가를 하였으며, 불안과 우울은 불안ㆍ우울 통합척도를 사용하여 측정하였다. 삶의 질에 대한 평가는 삶의 질에 대한 척도를 이용하여 주관적인 삶에 대한 느낌 (QOL1)과 전반적인 삶에 대한 만족도 (QOL2)로 나누어 평가하였다. 먼저, 영적 안녕 정도에 유의하게 영향을 미친 정신사회적인 요인들에는 교육을 받은 경우 (p<.001), 종교가 있을 때 (p<.001), 종교에 대한 만족도가 높을 경우 (p<.001), 신체적으로 건강할수록 (p<.01), 신체적 병력이 없는 경우 (p<.05), 생활에 대한 만족도가 높을 경우 (p<.001) 영적안녕척도 점수가 유의하게 높은 것으로 나타났으며, 특히 실존적 안녕척도 점수에서 유의한 차이를 나타내었다. 다음으로, 영적 안녕 정도와 삶의 질을 향상 시켜주면서 불안과 우울을 감소시켜준 공통적인 정신사회적 요인으로는 종교의 만족 정도, 신체적 건강 상태 및 생활의 만족 정도 등으로 평가되었다. 마지막으로, 영적안녕척도점수와 불안, 우울 및 삶의 질 간의 관계를 살펴보고자 상관관계 분석을 한 결과, 영적안녕정도와 불안, 우울 및 삶의 질이 유의한 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 중다 희귀분석을 통해 평가한 결과, 영적 안녕 정도 중 특히 실존적 안녕 정도가 높을수록 불안ㆍ우울 통합 척도의 불안 (p<.001)과 우울 (p<.001) 모두가 낮아졌으며, 삶의 질 척도 중 삶에 대한 주관적인 느낌에 대한 척도 점수 (QOL1)는 유의하게 감소 (p<.001)하였고, 삶에 대한 전반적인 만족도 (QOL2)는 유의하게 증가 (p<.001)하였다. 따라서 종교적 안녕 정도보다 실존적 안녕 정도가 더 밀접한 영향을 미쳤다. 이상과 같이 활동성 노인에게 있어 영적 안녕 정도와 불안, 우울 및 삶의 질이 유의한 상관관계가 있었으며 노인 정신건강에 대한 평가를 실시할 경우 영적안녕이 중요한 요인이 됨을 검증해 볼 수 있었다. Background: This study assessed the mental health, in order to determine the effect of the subject's spiritual well-being an anxiety depression and quality of life in active old people, and to verify whether or not spiritual well-being is a new factor for comprehensive health in old people. Materials and Methods: This study selected 184 old people aged over 65 years. The subject's spiritual well-being was assessed by the Korean Spiritual Well-Being Scale (SWS) that was composed of the Religious Well-being Scale (RWS) and Existential Well-being Scale (EWS). The quality of life was assessed using Quality of Life Scale, which was composed of the subjective feeling about life and the subject's satisfaction of their whole life. Results: Among the psychosocial factors, the educational level and physical health, showed significant discriminative score in the SWS. A prior medical history was associated with a significantly low SWS score. Satisfaction with life was associated with a significantly high SWS score. These factors a showed significant discriminative EWS score rather than a RWS. Among the religion factors, the satisfaction with their religion showed significant difference in die SWS . The SWS score especially the EWS affected die anxiety and depression of the Korean Combined Anxiety and Depression Scale (CADS). The subjective feeling of life score was associated with a significantly EWS low score and the subject's satisfaction with their whole life score was associated with a significantly high EWS score. Conclusion: Spiritual well being has significantly effects an anxiety depression and the quality of life in active old age people, and the subject's spiritual well-being might be a new factor for assessing health in old age.

Improved electrochemical performances of lithium-oxygen batteries with tungsten carbide-coated cathode

Koo, Bon Seok,Lee, Jun Kyu,Yoon, Woo Young Institute of Pure and Applied Physics 2015 Japanese Journal of Applied Physics Vol.54 No.4

Management of Contralateral no Neck in Oral Cavity Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Koo, Bon-Seok,Lim, Young-Chang,Lee, Jin-Seok,Choi, Eun-Chang 충남대학교 암연구소 2007 암연구소 업적집 Vol.6 No.-

Background. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the incidence and predictive factors of contralateral occult lymph node metastasis in squamous cell carcinomas of the oral cavity to form a rational basis for elective contralateral neck management. Methods. We performed a retrospective analysis of 66 patients with cancer of the N0-2 oral cavity undergoing elective neck dissection for contralateral clinically negative necks from 1991 to 2003. Results. Clinically negative but pathologically positive contralateral lymph nodes occurred in 11 % (7 of 66). Of the 11 cases with a clinically positive ipsilateral node neck, contralateral occult lymph node metastases developed in 36% (4 of 11). in contrast with 5% (3 of 55) in the cases with clinically NO ipsilateral necks (p < .05). Based on the clinical staging of the tumor, 8% (3 of 37) of the cases showed lymph node metastases in T2 tumors, 25% (2 of 8) in T3, and 18% (2 of 11) in T4. None of the T1 tumors (10 cases) had pathologically positive lymph nodes. The rate of contralateral occult neck metastasis was significantly higher in advanced-stage cases and those crossing the midline, compared with early-stage or unilateral lesions (p < .05). Patients with no evidence of contralateral nodal cancer had significantly improved disease-specific survival over patients with any pathologically positive nodes (5-year disease-specific survival rate was 79% vs. 43%, p < .05). Conclusions. The risk of contralateral occult neck involvement in the oral cavity squamous cell carcinomas above the T3 classification or those crossing the midline with unilateral metastases was high, and patients who presented with a contralateral metastatic neck had a worse prognosis than those whose disease was staged as NO. Therefore, we advocate an elective contralateral neck treatment with surgery or radiotherapy in patients with oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma with ipsilateral node metastases or tumors, or both, whose disease is greater than T3 or crossing the midline.

How To Prepare For Retirement? Optimal Saving, Labor Supply, and Investment Strategy

( Bon Chun Koo ),( Jisoo Koo ),( Hana Song ),( Hyo Bin Yoon ),( Min Seok Kim ) 한국금융공학회 2012 한국금융공학회 학술발표회 Vol.2012 No.2

In this paper we study consumption-labor supply decision of an agent who prepares for retirement at a known time in the future. The agent is assumed to have a preference which is represented by a von Neumann-Morgenstern utility function in which the felicity function has constant relative risk aversion over the composite of consumption and leisure. The composite is obtained by a Cobb-Douglas function. A general problem has been studied by Bodie, Detemple, Ortuba, and Walter (2004). We contribute to the literature by deriving Slutsky equations and conduct comparative statics. In particular, we show that the wealth effect can exhibit interesting property depending upon the time until retirement, as the interest rate increases.