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Daily Intake of Fluoride on Foods for Children in Daegu
SangSuk Lee,KyungHee Song,Yunhui Lee 대한예방치과학회 2015 International Journal of Clinical Preventive Denti Vol.11 No.1
Objective: The author has analyze the daily intake foods for preschool children and children, in order to measure the daily amounts of fluoride through food or toothbrushing. 90 young preschool and 90 school children were participated in this study by recording 5 days diet diary with the help of their parents. Methods: The average daily food intake was calculated and the fluoride amounts included in each food was examined through the past 5 reports. Fluoride amounts estimated by daily water intake and toothbrushing with dentifrice contaminated with 500 ppmF, were considered. Total amounts of daily fluoride by intake for young children and school children were estimated, in order to suggest to recommend the fluoride deficiency amount for prevention of dental caries as well as for helping growth and development. Results: Average 167.30±2.92 mgF (0.167 mgF) was estimated for preschool children and 314.27±13.10 mgF (0.314 mgF) for school children in non-water fluoridated area. There was a significant difference in average amount of fluoride intake, between in preschool children and school children (p<0.05). Condulusion: 1. It was estimated that the average 167.30±2.92 mgF (0.167±0.292 mgF) in young children and 314.27±13.10 mgF (0.314±0.131 mgF) were intake through the diet, water and tooth brushing, daily, and there was significantly different the amounts intake by young children and by school children, statistically (p<0.05). 2. It was estimated that the daily deficient amount of fluoride was 0.53 mg in young children and 1.18 mgF in school children. So, it needed some fluoride supplements for them, in order to contribute the caries prevention as well as for growth and development
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Intrinsic Motivation: Implications for Physical Educator
Sangsuk. Yoo 호서대학교 기초과학연구소 2014 기초과학연구 논문집 Vol.22 No.1
A goal for all physical educator is to increase student’s motivation to engage in, and enjoy regular physical activity. Enhancing students’ intrinsic motivation is an effective approach to foster participation in physical activity. The purpose of this paper is to address implications of intrinsic motivation that physical educator should consider when they teach. Physical educators play a significant role in shaping the class environment to promote intrinsic motivation. Physical educators should concern (1) how to develop conceptual understanding on learning task, (2) how to allow students the freedom to make choice, (3) how to evaluate performance, not students, (4) how to modify difficulty level of learning task, (5) how to communicate teacher expectation to students. Continuous effort of physical educators to raise the level of students intrinsic motivation would bring great effect on development of positive attitude that promote voluntary participation on physical education throughout their life span.
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The Case for Split Unaccusativity Hypothesis
Oh, Sangsuk 서울대학교 어학연구소 2005 語學硏究 Vol.41 No.1
The purpose of this paper is to review the previous treatments of English unaccusative verbs in English syntactic theories and to propose a new hypothesis, in which the conventional unaccusatives should be split into unaccusatives proper (i.e., unaccusatives) and unaccusative hybrids (i.e., ergatives). To make a case for the split unaccusativity hypothesis, ergatives are redefined in terms of four syntactic and semantic properties, and supporting evidence from the areas of syntax, lexical semantics, and psycholinguistics is presented. The projected theoretical relevance is that the separate treatment of unaccusatives and ergatives will help to resolve some issues in the puzzle of unaccusatives and mismatches, as well as contribute to highlighting the interface between syntax and semantics in explaining linguistic phenomena.
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국공내전 시기 북한과 중국공산당의 경제사회적 관계에 대한 연구
이상숙 ( Sangsuk Lee ) 북한연구학회 2016 北韓硏究學會報 Vol.20 No.1
이 글은 북중관계의 기원인 국공내전 시기 중국 동북지역 조선인들의 공산당 지원과 중국공산당의 대북한 경제적 지원을 재검토하였다. 이를 통해 국공내전 시기 중국공산당의 대북한 정권에 대한 물질적 지원이 북한 정권 수립에 경제적 토대에 도움이 되였음을 확인하였다. 일반 동북지역의 조선인들이 중국공산당을 지원하게 된 것은 중국 국민당의 차별정책과 경제적 원인이 크게 작용하였다. 중국 공산당은 지역 조선인들의 협력이 절실하다고 판단하였고, 조선인들에게 중국인들과 동등하게 토지를 분배해주었고 이중국적으로 허용하여 적극적 지지를 얻을 수 있었다. 국공내전이 치열한 당시 중국공산당은 ``동북국판사처``라는 조직을 통해 현재 북한 지역을 후방기지로서 활용하였다. 중국공산당의 식량 지원을 비롯한 경제적 지원은 중국과 북한의 경제협력의 원형이 되었다. This study focused on the origin of the economic and social relations between China and North Korea during Chinese Civil War. The purpose of this study is to review Korean in cooperation with Chinese Communist Party(CCP). These North Korean citizens of the China`s Northeast received land or guaranteed economic rights from the Chinese Northeast Bureau (CNB) and were resettled in Manchuria. Also, the CCP compensated the North Korean government for its assistance, consisting of transport costs and tariffs on foods and goods. The CNB was not only a liaison office but also the CCP trade representative between the Korean Worker`s Party (KWP) and the CCP. The CCP economic supports made the KWP attract much support from North Korean citizens. Therefore, CCP helped North Korea using Korean Chinese in China`s Northeast.
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신체활동에 대한 부모와 친구의 지원이 아동의 자기효능감에 미치는 영향
유상석(Sangsuk Yoo),조홍식(Hongsik Cho) 한국스포츠교육학회 2015 한국스포츠교육학회지 Vol.22 No.4
이 연구의 목적은 신체활동에 대한 부모와 친구의 지원이 아동의 자기효능감에 미치는 영향을 규명하는데 있다. 편의표본 추출법을 사용해서 충청남도 아산시에 소재한 A 초등학교에 재학하고 있는 5, 6학년 학생 260명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 자료처리는 PASW Ver 18.0을 이용하여 다중회귀분석(multiple regression analysis)을 실시하였다. 데이터를 분석한 결과 신체활동에 대한 부모와 친구의 지원 요인 모두가 아동들의 자기효능감에 의미 있는 영향을 미쳤다. 구체적인 결과는 첫째, 신체활동에 대한 부모와 친구의 지원 요인 중 친구지원 요인은 아동들의 자기효능감(장애요인 극복)에 통계적으로 유의한 영향을 미쳤으나, 부모지원 요인은 유의한 영향을 미치지 않았다. 둘째, 신체활동에 대한 부모와 친구의 지원요인 모두가 아동들의 자기효능감(협조요청)에 통계적으로 유의한 영향을 미쳤다. 셋째, 신체활동에 대한 부모와 친구의 지원요인 모두가 아동들의 자기효능감(긍정적 대안)에 통계적으로 유의한 영향을 미쳤다. 이와 같은 연구결과는 아이들의 신체활동을 촉진하기 위한 개입프로그램이나 교수전략을 개발할 때 부모와 친구의 영향력을 활용하는 것이 필요하다는 시사점을 제공하고 있다. The purpose of this study was to find out the effect of parent and peer support for physical activity on children’ self-efficacy for physical activity. 260 of 5th and 6th grade students who selected by convenient sampling method were participated in this study. The data were collected through questionnaire that consisted of 18 questions. Collected data were analyzed by Multiple Regression of PASW version 18.0. Multiple regression analyses revealed that both of parent and peer support for physical activity significantly influenced on children self-efficacy. Specifically, friend when compared to parent influenced more on positive alternatives, seeking support, and overcoming barriers. These results of study clearly showed that both parent and peer have great effect on children self-efficacy that plays critical role in enhancing participation of physical activity. Limitation and future research directions are discussed.
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