백석 시, 자기 응시로서의 관찰과 자아 탐색의 도정

최정례 우리어문학회 2003 우리어문연구 Vol.20 No.-

In this report, we brought focus into poems with notably depictive techniques in the earlier works of Baek-suk, which were published in his collection 「사슴」 and poems with descriptive techniques in his later works. We could find observating and self-gazing eye in his earlier works. Yet in his later works like 「국수」 or 「北方에서」, there are memories of the past, searching the origin of the poet himself, or questions to the self-existence immanent in poems. Self-gazing or questions to the self-existence are also deeply related to dialect or folkish natures which are external aspects of his works. In order to understand deep meanings of these features, we should avoid past aspects which takes dialect or folkish natures as merely past ones, and they should be regarded as competing with modernity. Self-gazing through observation or questions to the self-existence are also thought to be deeply related to the spirit of the begining of modernity when the early concepts of modernism was established in europe. Though the conclusion of this report is restricted to only partial study of modernities in poems of back-suk, yet the basic reviews of its modernities which this study noticed, would be a future subject as a part of studies of modernities in 1930's Koean poetry.

유방암종에서 p53, cyclin D1 및 cathersin D 단백발현의 의의

문경래,김환정,이미자,기근홍,서재홍,양정원,조현진 조선대학교 2001 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.26 No.2

Background and Objectives: Breast carcinoma is a heterogenous disease. The prognosis of this carcinoma correlates with various prognostic factors. The aim of this study was to assess the prognostic significance of expression of p53, cyclin Dl and cathepsin D protiens in association with various prognostic factors in invasive breast carcinoma. Materials and Methods: The relationship is presented between expression of p53, cyclin D1 and cathepsin D by immunohistochemistry and various established prognostic factors such as tumor size, histologic grade, lymph node status and extensive intraductal component in 55 cases of invasive breast carcinoma. Results: No significant correlations were observed between expression of p53, cyclin Dl and cathepsin D and tumor size. The expression of p53 correlated with high histologic grade. The expression of p53 and cyclin Dl correlated with lymph node metastasis. Conclusion: These results indicate that expression of p53 and cyclin Dl in invasive ductal carcinoma may be an important prognostic factor, closely related to the high histologic grade and lymph node metastasis.

한국판 임상가용 아동 및 청소년을 위한 외상후 스트레스장애 척도의 신뢰도 및 타당도 연구

구정일,김태형,은헌정,최말례,이선미,조수진,송옥선,김형욱 大韓神經精神醫學會 2006 신경정신의학 Vol.45 No.6

Objectives : This present study was conducted to explore the reliability and the validity of Clinician Administered PTSD Scale for Children and Adolescents Korean version (CAPS-CA) Mcthods : The Subjects were children and adolescents (8-13yrs) from different places: a certain elementary school, three orphanages, a general hospital, and two neuropsychiathc local clinics. Only subjects who experienced a catastrophic traumatic event were tested by CAPS-CA, CDI, RCMAS, and TSC. Rcsults : The range of correlations between item-criterion were .67-.84. The coefficients of internal consistency were .87. and test-retest reliability was .90, were all the coefficients in the proper range. Inter-correlations of CAPS-CA, CDI, RCMAS, and TSC scale showed significant correlation. TSC showed the highest correlation coefficient. CAPS-CA can be a useful clinician-administered diagnostic instrument for children and adolescents PTSD symptoms. Conclusion : The reliability and the validity of CAPS-CA were confirmed. CAPS-CA could be applied for diagnostic purposes of PTSD in children and adolescents.

水質

李奎承,趙丁禮,崔鍾佑 忠南大學校 環境問題硏究所 1992 環境硏究 Vol.10 No.-

금강상류 용담댐 예정지구내의 금강본류와 지천을 대상으로 하여 7 개소를 선정하여 1992년 5월 30일과 11월 29-30 일의 2회에 걸쳐 현장에서 채취하여 수질을 조사하였으며, 중요한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. pH는 대체로 수질기준에 적합하였으나, 1차 채수시 금강본류 3개지점에서 이끼 그리고 진안천 하류에는 수초가 왕성하게 자라고 있음을 확인하였다. 2. BOD의 경우 1차시료에서는 금강본류가 유입천 보다 낮았고, 2차시료에서는 본류의 BOd가 상승하는 경향을 보였으며, 지안천하류(L-6)가 1, 2차 시료 모두 가장 높은 함량을 나타냈다. 3. 생활하수와 관련있는 Na+와 Cl-의 함량은 진안천 하류(L-6)에서 가장 높았으며, NH4-N와 NO3-N도 같은 경향이었으므로 진안읍이 금강상류에서 오염원으로 문제가 되고 있음을 알수 있었다. 4. 용담댐 예정지역의 수질은 비교적 양호하였으나, 진안읍의 생활하수와 유역 농경지 토양에서 유입되는 비료성분이 주오염원으로 생각되며, 특히 금강최상류의 죽도유원지는 하절기 수질오염으로 크게 문제시 될 것으로 본다.

제2형 당뇨병 환자에게 적용한 표준진료지침이 혈당, 당화혈색소, 당뇨지식 및 재원일수에 미치는 효과

김희승,윤건호,유양숙,오정아,송민선,신미옥,김경희,송복례 대한당뇨병학회 2002 임상당뇨병 Vol.3 No.1

연구배경 : 당뇨병 환자의 평균 재원기간을 단축시키고, 제한된 입원기간 내에서 질적인 면과 비용효과성을 고려한 총체적인 건강관리체계의 필요성이 요구됨으로써 생겨난 것이 당뇨병 표준진료지침(Critical Pathway: CP)이다. 현재 개발된 당뇨병 CP를 통한 진료가 환자의 당뇨병에 관한 지식을 개선시키고 이에 따라 장기적으로 당뇨병 환자의 혈당조절이 개선되었다는 과학적인 검증은 당뇨병 CP를 여러 병원에 정착시키기이전에 반드시 선행되어야 할 과제이다. 이에 본 연구는 2000년 3월부터 1년간 강남성모병원에 입원하는 당뇨병 환자를 대상으로 현재 개발된 1주일 CP를 적용한 실험군의 혈당, 당뇨병 관련 지식 및 재원일수가 대조군에 비하여 차이가 있는지를 조사하였다. 방법 : 1주일 CP를 적용한 실험군은 내과병동에 입원한 당뇨병 환자 89명이었고, 대조군은 기타병동에 입원한 당뇨병 환자 22명이었으며 CP를 적용하지 않았다. CP를 적용하기 전인 입원시에 실험군과 대조군의 공복혈당, 식후 2시간혈당, 당화혈색소 및 당뇨관련 지식을 측정하였고, 퇴원 시에 실험군과 대조군에게 공복혈당과 당뇨관련 지식을 재측정하고 재원일수를 파악하였다. 그리고 두 군에게 퇴원 3개월 후의 공복혈당, 식후 2시간 혈당 및 당화혈색소를 조사하였다. 결과 : 1) 실험군의 공복혈당은 입원 시 238.7: 1) 실험군의 공복혈당은 입원 시 238.7mg/dL에서 퇴원 시 139.4mg/dL로 감소하는 경향이었으나 퇴원 3개월 후에는 150.6mg/dL로 약간상승하는 경향을 보였다. 대조군은 입원 시 251.5mg/dL에서 퇴원 시 136.2mg/dL로 감소하는 경향이었으나, 퇴원 3개월 후에는 219.3mg/dL로 현저히 증가하는 경향이었다. 2) 실험군의 입원 시 식후 2시간 혈당은 312.5mg/dL에서 퇴원 3개월 후 248.5mg/dL로 감소하는 경향이었다. 대조군도 입원 시 식후 2시간 혈당이 300.1mg/dL에서 퇴원 3개월 후 262.5mg/dL로 감소하는 경향이었으나 실험군보다 감소의 폭이 적은 경향이었다. 3) 실험군과 대조군의 입원 시 당화혈색소는 각각 10.3%와 9.7%로 유의한 차이가 없었으나,퇴원 3개월 후 실험군은 7.5%로 대조군의 9.1% 보다 유의하게 감소하였다. 4) 실험군의 입원 시 당뇨지식 점수는 실험군이 12.1점 대조군은 12.0점으로 유의한 차이가 없었으나 퇴원 시는 실험군이 15.5점으로 대조군의 14.6점 보다 높은 경향이었다. 5) 재원일수는 실험군이 8.4일로 대조군의11.0일 보다 유의하게 적었다. 결론 : 따라서 당뇨병 환자를 위한 CP는 재원일수의 감소뿐만 아니라 환자의 자가관리에 대한 체계적인 교육과 개선의 기회를 가짐으로써 장기적인 혈당 조절의 향상을 도모할 수 있는 효과적인 방법이라고 생각한다. Background: The aim of this study was to examine the effects of the critical pathway for the admitted patients with type 2 dia betes me llitus on glycemic control, the knowledge on the disease, and the length of hospital stay. Methods: 89 diabetic in-patients were applied with the 1 week critical pathwa which was consisted of intensive education program for self-management of diabetes me llitus such as glucose monitoring, excercise prescription, diet control, self-a djustment of the drugs and so on. The results were compared with 22 diabetic inpatients who were treated with conventional way. We assessed the effects of critical pathway on the degree of glycemic control, the knowledge on the disease, and the length of hospital stay. Results: Although fasting and postprandial 2 hours blood g lucose levels did not showed sta tistically significantd ifference between critical pathway group and conventional group on discharge , HbA1c was significantly decreased in critical pathwa group compared with the conventional group (7.5±1.8% vs 9.1±2.6%) on 3 months after discharge . Knowledge on the disease tended to increase in critical pathway group compared with the conventional group on discharge. The Length of hospital stay was significantly decreased in critical pathway group compared with the conventional group (8.4±2.8day vs 11.0±3.9da ) Conclusion: These results showed that critical pathway for the patients with diabetes mellitus might be a usefulway for improving the long term glycemic control through motivation, enhancing the knowledge on the disase as well as reducing the length of hospital stay.

1930년대 시어, 인공어와 자연어의 구도

최정례(Choi Jeong-Rye) 한국시학회 2005 한국시학연구 Vol.- No.13

The aim of this dissertion is to reveal the meaning and effect of BaekSeok's words in the relationship between artificial words and natural words during late 30s' Korean poetry. Assuming that 30s' words are understanded as two domains of artificial words and natural words, Lee Sang and Kim Kirim's words should be located on one side, BaekSeok's words on the other side, and Jeong Jiyong and Kim Yeongrang's words on middle of the two sides. While artificial words of Lee Sang and Kim Kirim could be considered as mere conceptual language without concrete object, BaekSeok's natural words could be an opposite of them. Words of Jeong Jiyong and Kim Yeongrang loses their naturality and nearly function as artificial words while 'polishing' the words. Jeong Jiyong finds his words not from the traditional language itself, but through assembling the traditional language with his own sense. Words of Kim Yeongrang goes through 'polishing' process for phonetically elegant and light feeling. BaekSeok discovers the beauty of natural language itself. BaekSeok does not try to lighten the weight of the reality with elegant words, or order the reality with modern conceptual words. He refuses easiness of elegant words, and evades strangeness of conceptual words to discover beauty of language from natural words. His esthetic should be considered independent. Independent consciousness implies recognizing the circumstances as itself. Therefore discovering and choosing the natural language itself should be considered independent also. While Lee Sang and Kim Kirim showed their modern awareness by ordering reality with conceptual words, BaekSeok discovered the strength of natural language hidden under the humble reality and switched them over to the modernity by positioning them at the place of poetic words. BaekSeok noticed the effect of placing a word at the place of poetic words. It is not important that BaekSeok used natural words in his works, but that how freshly and modernly he used his words. It is easy to pose a modern attitude like Kim Kirim or Lee Sang, choosing modern object, phenomenon and words in writing a poem. But it is never easy to observe and recognize the modernity, thus show the modern viewpoint by choosing natural words from the observation. While Jeong Jiyong concentrated in polishing the traditional words with his own esthetic, BaekSeok discovered the words ordering the traditional words with usual awareness. BaekSeok aimed the mental height without distinction between beauty and ugliness, visible and invisible, pure and impure. Thus BaekSeok's sensitivity can accept the most rough things within his consciousness.

Enumeration of Coliform Bacteria in Various Fermented Soybean Products and Comparison of Enumeration Methods Using Chungkookjang

Rye-Jeong Yang,Eon-Ho Choi 한국식품과학회 2000 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.9 No.2

세포진 검사상 ASCUS/LSIL이 나온 환자의 치료에 있어서 HPV DNA 검사의 임상적 유용성

이정례 ( Jeong Rye Lee ),송은섭 ( Song Eun Seop ),이정헌 ( Heong Hun Lee ),김세련 ( Se Ryun Kim ),박지현 ( Jee Hyun Park ),황성욱 ( Sung Ook Hwang ),고승권 ( Seung Kwon Koh ),임문환 ( Moon Whan Im ),이병익 ( Byoung Ick Lee ) 대한산부인과학회 2003 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.46 No.2

목적 : PCR을 이용한 HPV DNA 검사법이 비정상 세포진 (ASCUS/LSIL)이 나온 환자에서 고위험 병변을 알아내기 위한 보조적인 수단으로서 임상적인 효용성이 있는지 알아보고자 하였다. 연구 방법 : 1996년 9월 1일부터 2000년 5월 31일까지 인하대병원 산부인과에 내원하여 자궁경부 세포진 검사를 받은 여성 중에서 비정상 세포진 (ASCUS/LSIL)의 결과를 보여 HPV DNA 검사와 질확대경하 조직 생검을 시행 받은 61명을 대상으로 Objective : This study was performed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of high risk HPV DNA test using PCR for the detection of high-grade CIN or invasive cancer from patients with ASCUS or LSIL on Papanicolaou smear. Methods : Sixty one patients with a P

한우에서 고온스트레스에 의한 Mannheimiosis 발생 증례

이정원 ( Jeong Won Lee ),손구례 ( Ku Rye Shon ),정한솔 ( Han Sol Jeong ),고원석 ( Won Seok Ko ),임채웅 ( Chae Woong Lim ),김범석 ( Bum Seok Kim ) 한국동물위생학회 2015 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.38 No.3

Mannheimia haemolytica is an opportunistic bacterium that is widely recognized among the bovine respiratory disease (BRD) complex in cattle. Five Hanwoo with a history of fever, anorexia and dyspnea were died within 2 days in a the middle of summer. Four cattle were pregnant. The cattle house were located in mountainous area but the window for air ventilation was open only one side. In addition, the fecal material for fermentation was located indoor. Air ceiling fan did not work. The indoor temperature was 40oC. After working on air fan, the indoor temperature was still 36oC. On necropsy, there was fibrinous pleuritis with a rich yellowish pleural fluids in the thorax. The cross-section of the lung showed lobar fibrinonecrotic pneumonia with expanded interlobular septa by edema and fibrin. Microscopically, parenchymal necrosis with dense layer of inflammatory cells were observed surrounding interlobular septum. Fibrin and inflammatory cells were filled in the alveoli. Bacteriological cultures of pulmonary tissue showed growth of M. haemolytica. This pneumonia case in Hanwoo suggests that environmental stressors such as high temperature, insufficient air ventilation, and pregnancy be the cause of mannheimoisis. Control of environmental stressor, such as temperature indoor is necessary to prevent BRD caused by M. haemolytica.

ON 4-EQUIVALENCED ASSOCIATION SCHEMES

PARK, JEONG RYE Korean Mathematical Society 2015 대한수학회보 Vol.52 No.5

Let (${\Omega}$, S) be an association scheme where ${\Omega}$ is a non-empty finite set and S is a partition of ${\Omega}{\times}{\Omega}$. For a positive integer k we say that (${\Omega}$, S) is k-equivalenced if each non-diagonal element of S has valency k. In this paper we focus on 4-equivalenced association schemes, and prove that they are transitive.