Data Build-up for the Construction of Korean Specific Greenhouse Gas Emission Inventory in Livestock Categories

Won, S.G.,Cho, W.S.,Lee, J.E.,Park, K.H.,Ra, C.S. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2014 Animal Bioscience Vol.27 No.3

Many studies on methane ($CH_4$) and nitrous oxide ($N_2O$) emissions from livestock industries have revealed that livestock production directly contributes to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions through enteric fermentation and manure management, which causes negative impacts on animal environment sustainability. In the present study, three essential values for GHG emission were measured; i.e., i) maximum $CH_4$ producing capacity at mesophilic temperature ($37^{\circ}C$) from anaerobically stored manure in livestock category ($B_{0,KM}$, Korean livestock manure for $B_0$), ii) $EF_{3(s)}$ value representing an emission factor for direct $N_2O$ emissions from manure management system S in the country, kg $N_2O-N$ kg $N^{-1}$, at mesophilic ($37^{\circ}C$) and thermophilic ($55^{\circ}C$) temperatures, and iii) $N_{ex(T)}$ emissions showing annual N excretion for livestock category T, kg N $animal^{-1}$ $yr^{-1}$, from different livestock manure. Static incubation with and without aeration was performed to obtain the $N_2O$ and $CH_4$ emissions from each sample, respectively. Chemical compositions of pre- and post- incubated manure were analyzed. Contents of total solids (% TS) and volatile solid (% VS), and the ratio of carbon to nitrogen (C/N) decrease significantly in all the samples by C-containing biogas generation, whereas moisture content (%) and pH increased after incubation. A big difference of total nitrogen content was not observed in pre- and post-incubation during $CH_4$ and $N_2O$ emissions. $CH_4$ emissions (g $CH_4$ kg VS-1) from all the three manures (sows, layers and Korean cattle) were different and high C/N ratio resulted in high $CH_4$ emission. Similarly, $N_2O$ emission was found to be affected by % VS, pH, and temperature. The $B_{0,KM}$ values for sows, layers, and Korean cattle obtained at $37^{\circ}C$ are 0.0579, 0.0006, and 0.0828 $m^3$ $CH_4$ kg $VS^{-1}$, respectively, which are much less than the default values in IPCC guideline (GL) except the value from Korean cattle. For sows and Korean cattle, $N_{ex(T)}$ values of 7.67 and 28.19 kg N $yr^{-1}$, respectively, are 2.5 fold less than those values in IPCC GL as well. However, $N_{ex(T)}$ value of layers 0.63 kg N $yr^{-1}$ is very similar to the default value of 0.6 kg N $yr^{-1}$ in IPCC GLs for National greenhouse gas inventories for countries such as South Korea/Asia. The $EF_{3(s)}$ value obtained at $37^{\circ}C$ and $55^{\circ}C$ were found to be far less than the default value.

Efficient utilization of Eucheuma denticulatum hydrolysates using an activated carbon adsorption process for ethanol production in a 5-L fermentor

Ra, C. H.,Kim, M. J.,Jeong, G. T.,Kim, S. K. Springer Science + Business Media 2017 BIOPROCESS AND BIOSYSTEMS ENGINEERING Vol.40 No.3

<P>A total monosaccharide concentration of 37.8 g/L and 85.9% conversion from total fermentable monosaccharides of 44.0 g/L from 110 g dw/L Eucheuma denticulatum slurry were obtained by thermal acid hydrolysis and enzymatic saccharification. Subsequent adsorption treatment to remove 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) using 5% activated carbon and an adsorption time of 10 min were used to prevent a prolonged lag phase, reduced cell growth, and low ethanol production. The equilibrium adsorption capacity (q (e)) of HMF (58.183 mg/g) showed high affinity to activated carbon comparing to those of galactose (2.466 mg/g) and glucose (2.474 mg/g). The efficiency of cell growth and ethanol production with activated carbon treatment was higher than that without activated carbon treatment. Fermentation using S. stipitis KCTC7228 produced a cell concentration of 3.58 g dw/L with Y (X/S) of 0.107, and an ethanol concentration of 15.8 g/L with Y (P/S) of 0.48 in 96 h.</P>

小兒의 慢性 緊縮性 心囊炎

李純鎔,江碩哲,羅昌洙,洪彰義,李寧均 金原出版 1970 小兒科 Vol.11 No.2

화학적/전기화학적 방법을 이용한 돈사폐수 처리

윤성준,조원실,김창혁,박재인,신종서,라창식 한국동물자원과학회 2003 한국축산학회지 Vol.45 No.4

In a batch mode treatment process, which eveltrolyzes the wastewater after derivation of N-P crystal fromation and recovery, the characteristics of pollutant removal induced with the changes of loading rate and hydraulic retention time were studied. MgCI_(2) to PO_(4)^(3-) in influent was 1.3. When analyzing the average treatment efficiencies and removal characteristics obtained from four separate operations (Rum Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ), removal efficiencies of PO_(4)^(3-) was not function of its loading rate. Under a condition of sufficient aeration and Mg source provided, over 88% of PO_(4)^(3-) was eliminated by the formation of MAP without any ? adjustment, in spite of loading rate variation. An optimum-loading rate of NH_(4)-N to achieve high removal efficiency was approximately 100g/㎥/d. Below that loading rate, the removal of NH_(4)-N was proportional to the loading rate into the system, and hence stable and high removal efficiency, over 90%, was achieved. However, when the loading rate increased over that rate, removal efficiency began to drop and fluctuate. Removal efficiency of TOCs was dependant upon the hydraulic retention time (r^(2)=0.97), not upon the loading rate. Stable and high color removal (94%) was obtained with 2 das of HRT in electrolysis reactor.

발효사료에 대한 보호처리한 Vitamin C+E 및 면실의 첨가가 반추위 발효특성과 거세한우의 육성성적 및 혈액성상에 미치는 영향

박병기 ( B. K. Park ),홍병주 ( B. J. Hong ),김창혁 ( C. H. Kim ),라창식 ( C. S. Ra ),신종서 ( J. S. Shin ) 한국동물자원과학회 2006 한국축산학회지 Vol.48 No.6

Musclin Is Related to Insulin Resistance and Body Composition, but Not to Body Mass Index or Cardiorespiratory Capacity in Adults

Yeliana L. Sánchez,Manuela Yepes-Calderón,Luis Valbuena,Andrés F. Milán,María C. Trillos-Almanza,Sergio Granados,Miguel Peña,Mauricio Estrada-Castrillón,Juan C. Aristizábal,Raúl Narvez-Sanchez,Jaime G 대한내분비학회 2021 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.36 No.5

Background: We studied whether musclin function in humans is related to glycemic control, body composition, and cardiorespiratory capacity. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed in sedentary adults with or without metabolic syndrome (MS). Serum musclin wasmeasured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Insulin resistance (IR) was evaluated by the homeostatic model assessment(HOMA-IR). Body composition was determined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and muscle composition by measuring carnosine in the thigh, a surrogate of fiber types, through proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Cardiorespiratory capacity was assessed through direct ergospirometry. Results: The control (n=29) and MS (n=61) groups were comparable in age (51.5±6.5 years old vs. 50.7±6.1 years old), sex(72.4% vs. 70.5% women), total lean mass (58.5%±7.4% vs. 57.3%±6.8%), and peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak) (31.0±5.8mL O2./kg.min vs. 29.2±6.3 mL O2/kg.min). Individuals with MS had higher body mass index (BMI) (30.6±4.0 kg/m2 vs. 27.4±3.6 kg/m2), HOMA-IR (3.5 [95% confidence interval, CI, 2.9 to 4.6] vs. 1.7 [95% CI, 1.1 to 2.0]), and musclin (206.7 pg/mL [95%CI, 122.7 to 387.8] vs. 111.1 pg/mL [95% CI, 63.2 to 218.5]) values than controls (P˂0.05). Musclin showed a significant relationship with HOMA-IR (β=0.23; 95% CI, 0.12 to 0.33; P˂0.01), but not with VO2peak, in multiple linear regression models adjusted forage, sex, fat mass, lean mass, and physical activity. Musclin was significantly associated with insulin, glycemia, visceral fat, and regional muscle mass, but not with BMI, VCO2peak, maximum heart rate, maximum time of work, or carnosine. Conclusion: In humans, musclin positively correlates with insulinemia, IR, and a body composition profile with high visceral adiposity and lean mass, but low body fat percentage. Musclin is not related to BMI or cardiorespiratory capacity.

축산 오. 폐수 처리효율 및 처리비용의 최적화 기술

신종서,홍병주,라창식,오진석,여인서 한국축산학회 1998 한국축산학회지 Vol.40 No.6

This research evaluated the usefulness of real-time control technology in the Treatment of piggery wastewater. Newly invented real-time control technology using Oxidation-Reduction Potential (ORP) was successfully applied to a new type of animal wastewater treatment process with various treatment phases for organic carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus removals. The new unit treatment process composed of two reactors, named tw�-stage sequencing batch reactor. was operated under two different treatment strategies. In the first strategy, the treatment system was operated under real-time control using ORP as a control sensor. However, a conventional fixed-time operation relied on hydraulic retention time (HRT) and solid retention time (SRT) was conducted in the second strategy. None of them used a supplemental carbon source to achieve proper phosphorus removal and denitrification. The usefulness of real-time treatment technology was evaluated by comparing the effluent quality and pollutants removal efficiencies. The average removal efficiencies of TOCs. NH₄,-N. TKN. Ortho-P, total-P, total solids ('IS). total volatile solids (TVS), suspended solids (SS) and volatile suspended solids (VSS) were 98, 100. 98, 97, 98. 78. 90. 97 and 97% in the real-time control and 90. 74. 88. 84. 83, 75, 74, 93 and 92% in the fixed-time operation, respectively. The obtained effluent quality was relatively constant in the real-time control. despite the serious variation of influent strength. However. the effluent quality in the fixed-time operation was variable. depending on the influent characteristics. Particularly. the nitrogen and organic matter levels in die final et)luent were functions of influent quality in the fixed-time operation. Comparisons of the real-time control technology with the fixed-time strategy revealed that the former had significant advantages over the latter as follows : Optimization of treatment capacity was achieved by the application of real-time process control technology. High treatment performance and a constant effluent quality were obtained. despite variations in influent composition. The most distinctive advantage of real-time control technology was its self-adjusting ability to optimize biological pollutant removal and energy consumption by terminating aeration when nutrient removal was complete. With real-time control strategy using ORP, a treatment process for swine manure was effectively operated without the addition of an external carbon source such as methanol or acetate, to enhance denitrification and proper phosphorus removal.

大韓藥典 收載醫藥品의 分析法 器機化에 關한 硏究 : 초산 메테놀론 및 초산 노르에치스테론의 分析法 器機化 The Analytical Methods of Metenolone Acetate and Norethisterone Acetate by HPLC

金榮培,鮮于演,金昌洙,李承訓,黃永植,金永玉,羅燾喆,金益洙 국립보건연구원 1989 국립보건원보 Vol.26 No.

맥주박 발효사료 및 대두의 급여가 한우 거세우의 육성성적 및 도체등급에 미치는 영향

박병기,길준민,김종복,홍병주,라창식,신종서 한국동물자원과학회 2003 한국축산학회지 Vol.45 No.3

본 연구는 한우 거세 비육우에 맥주박을 이용하여 개발한 발효사료 및 분쇄대두의 급여가육성성적, 혈액성상 및 도체등급에 미치는 효과를 검토하고자 실시하였다. 공시축은 한우사육농가에서 평균 체중 455±25.9㎏의 한우것 비육우 20두를 공시하여 실시하였다. 시험구 처리는 모든 처리구에 배합사료와 볏짚을 기본사료로 급여하였으며, 배합사료를 전량 급여하는 대조구(Control), T1(배합사료:맥주박 발효사료=60:40), T2(배합사료:분쇄대두=80:20), T3(배합사료:맥주박 발효사료:분쇄대두=50:40:10) 및 T4(배합사료:맥주박 발효사료:분쇄대두=40:40:20)로 구분하였으며, 본 연구의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 일당증체량은 비록 통계적인 유의성은 인정되지 않았지만 대조구에 비해 처리구들에서 다소 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 사료효율의 경우 대조구, T1, T2, T3 및 T4에서 각각 11.90, 8.25, 9.44, 6.69 및 7.71로 나타나 T2를 제외한 처리구들에서 대조구에 비해 사료효율이 유의적으로 개선되는 결과를 보였다(P<0.05). 혈중 BUN 농도는 대조구에 비해 T4에서 유의적으로 높은 것으로 나타났으나(P<0.05), 반면에 혈중 creatinine 농도의 경우에는 대조구에 비해 T4에서 유의적으로 낮은 결과를 보였다(P<0.05). 대조구, T1, T2, T3 및 T4의 혈중 glucose 농도는 각각 51.00, 59.39, 62.44, 62.17 및 54.00mg/㎗로 나타나 대조구에 비해 처리구들에서 대체적으로 높은 결과를 보였다. 등지방두께의 경우 T3에서 대조구 및 다른 처리구들에 비해 다소 두꺼워지는 것으로 나타났다. 배최장근단면적의 경우 T1, T3 및 T4에서 대조구에 비해 개선되는 것으로 나타났다. 대조구, T1, T2 및 T4의 A등급 출현율은 각각 66, 33, 75 및 33%로 나타났다. 결과적으로 맥주박 발효사료를 단독 급여하게 되면 사료단가는 낮추면서도 비육우의 증체율 및 도체등급에는 영향을 미치지 않게 되는 장점이 있을 뿐만 아니라 분쇄대두와 맥주박 발효사료를 혼합 급여하게 되면 증체율 및 사료효율을 증가시킬 수 있는 효과가 있기 때문에 맥주박 발효사료와 적정 비율의 분쇄대두(농후사료 급여량의 10%)는 것우를 위한 비육사료로서 효과적으로 이용될 수 있는 것으로 판단된다. 또한 맥주박 발효사료 제조과정에서 사료에 대한 발효처리는 맥주박 발효사료의 저장성을 크게 높여주기 때문에 맥주박과 같이 고수분부산물을 가축의 사료자원으로 활용하는 데 있어서 의미하는 바가 큰 것으로 판단된다. This study was conducted to examine the feeding effects of FFWBG (fermented feedstuff with wet brewer's grain) and GS(grinding soybean) in Hanwoo steers. For this research, total twenty steers(average body weight : 455.7±25.9㎏) were grouped into control(formula feed), T1(formula feed:FFWBG=60:40), T2(formula feed : GS=80:20), T3(formula feed :FFWBG=50:40:10), and T4(formula feed : FFWBG : GS=40:40:20), each treatment was allocated to four steers. There was a tendency to be increased average daily gain in T1, T2, T3 and T4 compared with the control even though no statistical significance was found. The feed conversion of T1, T2, T3 and T4 were beneficially better than that of control(P<0.05; 5.25, 9.44, 6.69 and 7.71 vs 11.90, respectively). The blood urea nitrogen concentration of T4 was higher than that of control(P<0.05), but the creatinine concentration of T4 was lower than that of control(P<0.05). The glucose concentration of T1, T2, T3 and T4 were higher than that of control(P<0.05; 59.39, 62.44, 62.17 and 54.00 vs 51.00㎎/㎗, respectively). The back-fat thickness of T3 was thicker than that of control, T2, T2 and T4. The rib-eye area of T1, T3 and T4 was wider than that of control. Appearances percentage of 'A' ranked meat quantity were 66, 33, 75 and 33% in control, T1, T2 and T4, respectively.

酵素劑의 力價基準및 試驗法 統一案에 關한 硏究 (Ⅲ) : Lipase

金榮培,鮮于演,金昌洙,李承訓,金永玉,羅燾喆,黃永植,金信根 국립보건연구원 1989 국립보건원보 Vol.26 No.